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    Earth Fault Loop Impedance Summary

    Uploaded by

    Kasun Premarathna
    The document discusses how to calculate the maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance according to BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5. It involves using the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the earth fault loop impedance in ohms, Ia is the current in amperes required to trip the circuit breaker within the relevant disconnection time, and Uo is the nominal line voltage to earth in volts. The document provides an example calculation for a 20A type D MCB, determining that the maximum allowable Zs is 1.47 ohms.

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    Earth Fault Loop Impedance Summary

    Uploaded by

    Kasun Premarathna
    778 views4 pages
    The document discusses how to calculate the maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance according to BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5. It involves using the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the earth fault loop impedance in ohms, Ia is the current in amperes required to trip the circuit breaker within the relevant disconnection time, and Uo is the nominal line voltage to earth in volts. The document provides an example calculation for a 20A type D MCB, determining that the maximum allowable Zs is 1.47 ohms.

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    Earth Fault Loop Impedance Summary

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    The document discusses how to calculate the maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance according to BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5. It involves using the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the earth fault loop impedance in ohms, Ia is the current in amperes required to trip the circuit breaker within the relevant disconnection time, and Uo is the nominal line voltage to earth in volts. The document provides an example calculation for a 20A type D MCB, determining that the maximum allowable Zs is 1.47 ohms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    778 views4 pages

    Earth Fault Loop Impedance Summary

    Uploaded by

    Kasun Premarathna
    The document discusses how to calculate the maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance according to BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5. It involves using the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the earth fault loop impedance in ohms, Ia is the current in amperes required to trip the circuit breaker within the relevant disconnection time, and Uo is the nominal line voltage to earth in volts. The document provides an example calculation for a 20A type D MCB, determining that the maximum allowable Zs is 1.47 ohms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    The document discusses how to calculate the maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance (Zs) for electrical circuits based on the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the impedance, Ia is the current required to trip the circuit breaker, and Uo is the nominal line voltage. It provides details on how to determine the current Ia and uses an example to demonstrate calculating the maximum Zs value.

    The maximum allowable earth fault loop impedance (Zs) is calculated using the formula Zs x Ia ≤ Uo, where Zs is the impedance, Ia is the current required to trip the circuit breaker, and Uo is the nominal line voltage. Ia is determined from the tripping curve of the circuit breaker based on the required disconnection time for the circuit.

    The disconnection times for 230V systems are 0.4 seconds for portable equipment and 5 seconds for fixed equipment. These times refer to how long it takes the circuit breaker to disconnect power from the circuit for the relevant type of equipment.

    Calculating the maximum allowable

    earth fault loop impedance.

    Earth loop impedance is calculated using the following formulae,


    (BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5).

    Zs x Ia ≤ Uo

    Where:
    Zs is the earth fault loop impedance in ohms (Ω).
    Uo is the nominal line voltage to earth in volts (V).
    Ia is the current in Amperes (A) required to trip the circuit
    breaker for the relevant disconnection time.

    Schneider Electric - Buildings Division – Neville Watkins – March 2009 1


    Current required to trip the circuit breaker (Ia).

    ● The current required to trip the circuit breaker (Ia) is required to calculate the Zs
    value for the circuit.

    ● To determine Ia the disconnection time for the circuit is required. The


    disconnection times for 230V systems are as follows;
    ● 0.4sec - for portable equipment.
    ● 5.0sec - for fixed equipment.

    ● The relevant disconnection time is plotted on the tripping curve so that Ia can
    be obtained.

    ● Note: The maximum tripping time (higher tolerance limit) must be used on the
    tripping curve.

    An example for a 20A type D MCB is shown on the following slide.

    Schneider Electric - Buildings Division – Neville Watkins – March 2009 2


    Schneider Electric - Buildings Division – Neville Watkins – March 2009 3
    Calculating the Zs value when Ia is known.

    ● The Zs value is calculated as follows (BS7671 2008 clause 411.4.5).


    ● As seen on the previous slide, the current required to trip the circuit breaker
    can be measured from the tripping curve. e.g. a disconnection time of 5 sec
    is required, therefore the current required to trip the MCB = 156A (Ia).
    ● The nominal voltage to earth is 230V (Uo).
    ● The maximum Zs is calculated using the following formulae:- Zs x Ia ≤ Uo

    Max Zs = Uo / Ia
    230V / 156A = 1.47ohms

    Therefore for a 20A Type D MCB the maximum Zs allowable for a 5 second
    disconnection time is 1.47 ohms.

    Schneider Electric - Buildings Division – Neville Watkins – March 2009 4

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