Contents:-


 Abstract
 Introduction
 SPS System
 History
 Concept
 Working
 Design of solar power satellites
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion
 Abstract

 Due to population explosion earth is facing energy issues.
 We have also witnessed climate change due to over as well as misuse
of resources.
 To deal with energy issues we need effective sustainable development
models.
 It is widely agreed that the current resources will not sufficient to
serve human needs.
 Therefore Solar Power Satellite can be seen as a reliable solution under
such circumstances.
 Introduction:


In outer space there is an uninterrupted availability of huge amount of
solar energy in the form of light and heat. So the use of satellites primarily
aimed at collecting the solar energy and beam it back to the earth is being
considered. In geosynchronous orbit, i.e. 36,000 km (22,369 miles), a Solar
Power Satellite (SPS) would be able to face the sun over 99% of the time. No
need for costly storage devices for when the sun is not in view. Only a few
days at spring and fall equinox would the satellite be in shadow. Unused
heat is radiated back into the space. Power can be beamed to the location
where it is needed, need not have to invest in as large as a grid.
 SPS System :

The SPS system includes:

1. Solar energy conversion (Solar photons to Direct current(DC))

 He made a vision for “World Wireless System”.

 In 1940’s ability to convert energy into microwaves was developed.

 In 1964, William C Brown demonstrated ‘Rectenna’.

 During 1982, Boeing designed a solar power satellite system that could supply
most of the United States at the time with electricity.The Boeingsolar power
satellites could be constructed either in low Earth orbit (LEO) for later
shipment to the higher geosynchronous orbit or constructed directly at the
higher orbit.
 Concept:-


 The SPS system is illustrated . The power generation is ensured by two solar
arrays using multiple junction solar cells with small concentrators. There is an
independent power distribution system per laser, each based on a 100 V
regulated bus. Deployable radiators have been implemented at both solar
arrays and laser system levels. The overall system efficiency is about 0,6%, and
the SPS mass at launch is in order of 40t for a diameter of 5m. It is launched into
LEO and transferred to Mars with its electric propulsion system
 The power generation is ensured by solar cell surfaces (more than 42000 m2 )
mounted on North-South trusses with a clearance (typically 60 to 100m) from
the SPS axis to avoid any occultation by the appendages. There are independent
power distribution systems per panel, each based on a high voltage (1000 V)
regulated bus.
 working :

In 1968, Dr. Peter Glaser introduced the concept of a large solar power satellite system of square
miles of solar collectors in high geosynchronous orbit (GEO is an orbit 36,000 KM above the equator),
for collection and conversion of sun's energy into an electromagnetic microwave beam to transmit
usable energy to large receiving antennas (rectennas) on earth for distribution on the national electric
power grid. The concept of the Solar Power Satellite (SPS) is very simple. It is a gigantic satellite
designed as an electric power plant orbiting the earth which uses wireless power transmission of
space based solar power. Space-based solar power essentially consists of three functional units:
A. A Solar energy collector to convert the solar energy into DC (Direct current) electricity.

B. A DC to Microwave converter.

C. Large antenna array to beam the Microwave power to the ground.

D. A means of receiving power on earth, for example via microwave antennas (Rectenna).

The space-based portion will be in a freefall, vacuum environment and will not need to support itself
against gravity other than relatively weak tidal stresses. The major advantages of SBSP are those they
are pollution free, 100% replacement for fossil fuels in the near future, elimination of transmission
lines, overhead lines and cables as the power can be beamed directly to a particular spot all over the
world. No air or water pollution is created during generation.
 Design And Construction


 The amount of light falling on a solar panel varies inversely with the square of the
distance from the sun. If you take a panel to 1/10 of an AU from the sun, it will
receive 100 times the light that it would at 1 AU. This is why KSPI's microwave
power transmitters have the ability to transmit power from solar panels: because
getting close enough to the sun makes it feasible to produce megawatts or even
gigawatts of power from a solar array.
 Using solar power to drive a microwave transmitter has two advantages over using
reactors to put the same amount of power into the network. First, a well-designed
solar satellite will never require refueling or maintenance after it's in position.
Second, the sun is an easily visible target for your receivers anywhere in the solar
system. No matter where you are, you know that if you can see the sun, you have
power.
Example:
 I estimated that a satellite generating 2,400 kW at Kerbin would produce
approximately 6.48 GW in a minimum solar orbit. Express the power available as
6,480,000 kW, and divide by 50. A power satellite of this size will need to be able to
store 129,600 EC to transmit all of the power available to the panels.
 Advantages :


 1) Unlike oil, gas, ethanol, and coal plants, space solar power does not emit greenhouse
gases.
 2) Unlike bio-ethanol or bio-diesel, space solar power does not compete for increasingly
valuable farm land or depend on natural-gas-derived fertilizer. Food can continue to be a
major export instead of a fuel provider.

 3) Unlike nuclear power plants, space solar power will not produce hazardous waste,
which needs to be stored and guarded for hundreds of years.

 4) Unlike terrestrial solar and wind power plants, space solar power is available 24 hours
a day, 7 days a week, in huge quantities. It works regardless of cloud cover, daylight, or
wind speed.

 5) Unlike nuclear power plants, space solar power does not provide easy targets for
terrorists.

 6) Unlike coal and nuclear fuels, space solar power does not require environmentally
problematic mining operations.

 7) Space solar power will provide true energy independence for the nations that develop
it, eliminating a major source of national competition for limited Earth-based energy
resources.
 Disadvantages :


1. Maintenance of SPS is expensive and challenging.

2. Geosynchronous orbit is already in heavy use; could be endangered by space

3. The size of construction for the rectenna is massive.

4. Transportation of all the materials from earth to space and installation is


 SPS APPLICATIONS Several types of SPS missions have been reviewed,
for delivering power to satellites or space vehicles as well as to elements on
Mars or on the Moon surfaces. These latter applications are closer to the
delivery of power from space to Earth. The power generation for these
elements is a critical point due to either the environment (Mars case) or the
long eclipse duration (Moon case). In the Mars case, two different
applications have been assessed: delivery of power to a small rover, with
small power needs, but very small receiver surface, and to a Mars base
with large power needs, but freedom on the receiver surface.
 system overview There are some main differences in the system drivers
between the space-to-planet and space-to-Earth applications. The first is
the required power: up to 100kW for planets, in order of GW for Earth.
Receiver surfaces on planets shall be minimised, either constrained by the
target itself, or due to their implementation on the planet surface.
Environment is also different: solar flux density around Mars is much
lower than on Earth, atmosphere attenuation is different between Mars and
Earth
 Safety Equipments …

 Eco – MODEL LARGER AND POWER SERIES:-The LARGE
and POWER series modules are made of MONO or MULTI crystalline solar
cells of prime grade from the reputed European cell manufacturers under the
stringent quality controlled process.
 ECO SOLAR:-photovoltaic power generation is a three-phase grid
connected inverter which is designed and manufactured suitable for
public organizations or business places, PV power plants, etc
 PV Backsheet:-DUNMORE offers DUN-SOLAR PV backsheet to the
photovoltaic market as a component for the production of solar panels. DUN-
SOLAR PV backsheet materials protect photovoltaic modules from UV,
moisture and weather.
 Conclusion :


The increasing global energy demand is likely to continue for many decades. New power
plants of all sizes will be built. Fossils fuels will run off in another 3-4 decades. However
energy independence is something only Space based solar power can deliver.
Space based solar power (SBSP) concept is attractive because it is much more
advantageous than ground based solar power. It has been predicted that by 2030, the
world needs 30TW power from renewable energy sources and solar energy alone has the
capability of producing around 600TW. The levels of CO2 gas emission can be minimized
and brought under control. Thus the problem of global warming will be solved to a great
extent.
Based on current research space based solar power should no longer be envisioned as
requiring unimaginably large initial investments. Moreover, space solar power systems
appear to possess many significant environmental advantages when compared to
alternative approaches to meeting increasing terrestrial demands for energy including
necessity of considerably less land area than terrestrial based solar power systems.
Though the success of space solar power depends on successful development of key
technology, it is certain the result will be worth the effort. Space solar power can
completely solve our energy problems long term. The sooner we start and the harder we
work, the shorter "long term" will be.
 
Thank you