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    Me 091313

    Uploaded by

    Razaq Payapo
    The document discusses four main engine types: four-stroke, two-stroke, diesel, and Wankel. It provides details on the operation cycles of four-stroke engines, differences from two-strokes being fewer cycles and use of ports instead of valves, diesel ignition relying on high compression rather than sparks, and the Wankel engine using a rotary design with an epitrochoidal bore and apex seals instead of pistons and rings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Me 091313

    Uploaded by

    Razaq Payapo
    24 views36 pages
    The document discusses four main engine types: four-stroke, two-stroke, diesel, and Wankel. It provides details on the operation cycles of four-stroke engines, differences from two-strokes being fewer cycles and use of ports instead of valves, diesel ignition relying on high compression rather than sparks, and the Wankel engine using a rotary design with an epitrochoidal bore and apex seals instead of pistons and rings.

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    The document discusses four main engine types: four-stroke, two-stroke, diesel, and Wankel. It provides details on the operation cycles of four-stroke engines, differences from two-strokes being fewer cycles and use of ports instead of valves, diesel ignition relying on high compression rather than sparks, and the Wankel engine using a rotary design with an epitrochoidal bore and apex seals instead of pistons and rings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    24 views36 pages

    Me 091313

    Uploaded by

    Razaq Payapo
    The document discusses four main engine types: four-stroke, two-stroke, diesel, and Wankel. It provides details on the operation cycles of four-stroke engines, differences from two-strokes being fewer cycles and use of ports instead of valves, diesel ignition relying on high compression rather than sparks, and the Wankel engine using a rotary design with an epitrochoidal bore and apex seals instead of pistons and rings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 36

    Start...

    1
    Four Stroke, Two Stroke
    Diesel, & Wankel Engine
    Theory and Operation

    2
    Four Stroke, Two Stroke,
    Diesel, & Wankel Theory
    Presentation Outline

     1.0 Four Stroke Engine Theory


    • Internal combustion principles
    • Valve operation
    • Four cycles
    • Valve timing

     2.0 Two Stroke Engine Theory


    • Two cycle operation
    • Lubrication
    • Variations
    • Advantages/ limitations more...
    3
    3.0 Diesel Engine Theory
    •Operation
    •Variations
    •Advantages/limitations

    4.0 Wankel Engine Theory


    •Operation
    •Variations
    •Advantages/limitations

    4
    1.0 Four Stroke Engine
    Theory
     Intake
     Compression
     Power
     Exhaust

    5
    Intake Stroke

    6
    Compression Stroke

    Valves closed

    7
    Power Stroke

    Valves closed

    8
    Exhaust StrokValve Timing
    Diagram

    9
    2.0 Two Stroke Engine
    Theory
     Upstroke
     Down stroke

    10
    2 Stroke Compression
    Up Stroke occurs

    Transfer
    Port

    Crank
    Case
    Reed Valve

    Carburetor
    11
    2 Stroke
    Down Stroke Intake
    Power
    Exhaust
    Occurs
    Transfer Port

    +
    Reed Valve

    Carburetor
    12
    Fuel Mix
     Uses a premix of gas and oil
     Oil injectors used in some
     Normal mixes range from 16:1 to 50:1
     Typical “hot” engines 16:1
     Typical “cool engine” 50:1
     CHECK OWNERS MANUAL !!!

    13
    Advantage of Two Strokes
     Runs in any position
     More horsepower for size
     Fewer moving parts
     Lighter

    14
    Limitations of Two Strokes
     Uses more fuel than four strokes
     Fuel and oil must be mixed
     Plugs foul easily
     Poor emissions

    15
    3.0 Diesel Engine Theory

    16
    Introduction
    • Invented by Rudolf Diesel between
    1892 and 1893
    • Internal Combustion Engine
    • Reciprocating Engine
    • Intermittent Combustion Engine
    • Utilizes liquid fuel
    • Compression Ignition vs. Spark
    Ignition
    • Heavy Duty Applications
    17
    Diesel Compression Ratio
     20:1up to 25:1 common
     Needed to ignite fuel
     No spark plugs

    18
    Compression Ratios
     “Squeeze” on air/fuel mixture before
    combustion
     Efficiency increases with higher CR
     About 9:1 on gas autos
     17:1 to 24:1 for diesel engines
     About 24:1 CR max:
    • too high compression for starting
    • limiting strength of materials
    • power loss- leakage around valves
    19
    Advantages of the Diesel
    Engine
    • High reliability
    • Low fuel cost
    • High power / lb. of engine
    • Low fuel consumption
    • Low fire hazard
    • High torque at low RPM
    • Greater heat efficiency- 30% (25% gas)
    • Longer service intervals

    20
    Disadvantages of Diesel
    Power
     Expensive to repair
     Hard starting in cold weather
     Higher initial cost

    21
    Gasoline and Diesel Engine
    Comparison
     Gasoline power
    stroke = 460 psi;
    Diesel = 1200psi
     Diesel heat
    efficiency about
    5% higher than
    gasoline

    22
    Induction System

    Air Only

    Injection
    Line
    High Pressure
    Injection Spray
    Injector Delivering
    Fuel

    23
    Glow Plugs
     Resistance unit to heat cold engines
     Installed in cylinder head, sometimes in
    special pre-combustion chamber
     Some use intake heaters
     In addition, block heaters for cold weather

    24
    Typical Diesel Engine

    25
    4.0 Wankel Engine Theory

    26
    History of RCE
    (Rotary Combustion Engines)

     1924 - Wankel’s idea for RCE


     1933 - patent was applied
     1936 - patent received
     1957 - engine runs

    27
    Epitrochoidal Bore
    Apex Seal

    Intake
    Port

    Rotor Spark
    Plugs

    Exhaust
    Port

    One of Three Chambers

    28
    Rotor and Apex Seals
     Sometimes called Apex Seal Location
    a “Rotary Piston”
     Receives power
    impulse from fuel
    air mixture
     Rotor has three
    faces
     Apex seals at tips-
    like rings
    29
    Epitrochoidal Bore
    E-Bore
     Same purpose as
    the cylinder walls
    of the piston
    engine
     Epitrochoid curve,
    generated by
    rolling a circle
    around another
    circle Basic shape of epitrochoid
    curve
    30
    Rotors

    Eccentric
    Shaft

    E-Bore
    31
    32
    Advantages and Limitations
     Fewer moving parts
     Single motion allows smoother
    running
     Compact engine, allows for more
    space
     Few manufacturers produce this
    engine any longer

    37
    Summery (Cont)
     What are the major differences in
    parts between a 2 stroke & 4 stroke?
    • Ports vs. Valves
    • Reed valve vs. Valves
     How is the fuel ignited in a deisel
    engine?
    • Compression

    39
    Summery (Cont)
     The
    Rotory (Wankel) engine uses
    what type of bore?
    • E- Bore
     Whatact like rings in a rotory
    engine?
    • Apex seals
     Air
    can be __________, while water
    can not?
    • Compressed
    40
    The End

    41

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