Impressionist Music 10

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Impressio

nist Music
It all began with Monet’s
painting: Impression, Sunrise.
Monet, as you probably know, was the most
famous Impressionist painter, and the term
was borrowed from that painting.
The Impressionistic Period began in the 1870s-
1880s with painters like Monet, and ended
around the 1920s-1930s.
Of course, impressionist music carried on
beyond that, in its various off-shoots like neo-
impressionism, but I like to think of the dates of
impressionism coinciding with
Monet’s Impression, sunrise painting, and
Monet’s death.
Impressionist Music Style
The style of impressionist music isn’t deeply
emotional and personal like the bulk of Romantic Era
music.

Impressionist music doesn’t get personal in the same


way. It’s like the difference between a detached
observer of a story – a third-person narrator –
compared to a first-person, up-close-and-personal
account
“suggest or evoke, but don’t describe.”
Characteristics
1. Orchestration
Instruments were played in new ways, like flutes
and clarinets playing darker, lower sounds. The
harshness of horns were mellowed by being
muted.
Tinkly, shimmery instruments were often used,
like the harp, triangle and glockenspiel.
2. Atonality, lack of a tonal centre
Impressionist music really liked going outside of
the key box. Most of us are familiar with the
whole major/minor modality – where a song is
based in a specific key, and it’s a major or minor
key.
Impressionist composers liked to write songs
that weren’t in any key at all – and we call that
atonality.
3. Fluid Rhythm
A lot of impressionist music lacks a steady,
defined rhythm. It’s fluid and changeable – not
the kind of music you tap your toes to.
Impressionist Composers
Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel were the
main men of impressionist music. They were
both French composers active at the turn of
the 20th century (and beyond).
Debussy really didn’t like when his music was
referred to as “Impressionist”, however. He
much preferred the term “Symbolism” when
referring to his music, as that was a literary
movement that directly inspired him.
“imbeciles call [it] ‘impressionism’, a
term employed with the utmost
inaccuracy.”
Debussy was a gifted pianist and an intrepid musical
explorer. He didn’t set out to write Impressionist
music (as we’ve established, he hated that
comparison) – rather, he was just interested in
pushing boundaries and exploring new sounds.
He went to a French music academy, but felt stifled by
the teachings, finding them to be too old-school.
Early works he wrote while at the school were
deemed “bizarre”, and “courting the unusual”
*Arabesque #1 (Deux Arabesques)
*La Mer
*Claire de Lune
Maurice Ravel was in the generation after
Debussy, and is considered one of France’s
greatest composers. Like Debussy, Ravel didn’t
enjoy the “Impressionist” comparison.
They were acquainted with each other and had
other things in common, like being musical rule-
breakers and not being suited to conservatory
life.
*Ravel: Jeux d’eau
*Albeniz: Iberia

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