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    Methods of Separating Mixtures

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    Darren Christopher Torres
    This document discusses various physical separation methods for mixtures, including filtration, chromatography, centrifuging, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, decantation, sieving, and magnetism. Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate solids from liquids. Chromatography separates mixture components based on how fast they travel across a surface. Centrifuging uses high rotation to separate substances of different densities. Distillation and evaporation separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Crystallization forms pure solid crystals from a solution.

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    Methods of Separating Mixtures

    Uploaded by

    Darren Christopher Torres
    129 views15 pages
    This document discusses various physical separation methods for mixtures, including filtration, chromatography, centrifuging, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, decantation, sieving, and magnetism. Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate solids from liquids. Chromatography separates mixture components based on how fast they travel across a surface. Centrifuging uses high rotation to separate substances of different densities. Distillation and evaporation separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Crystallization forms pure solid crystals from a solution.

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    This document discusses various physical separation methods for mixtures, including filtration, chromatography, centrifuging, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, decantation, sieving, and magnetism. Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate solids from liquids. Chromatography separates mixture components based on how fast they travel across a surface. Centrifuging uses high rotation to separate substances of different densities. Distillation and evaporation separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Crystallization forms pure solid crystals from a solution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    129 views15 pages

    Methods of Separating Mixtures

    Uploaded by

    Darren Christopher Torres
    This document discusses various physical separation methods for mixtures, including filtration, chromatography, centrifuging, distillation, evaporation, crystallization, decantation, sieving, and magnetism. Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate solids from liquids. Chromatography separates mixture components based on how fast they travel across a surface. Centrifuging uses high rotation to separate substances of different densities. Distillation and evaporation separate mixtures based on differences in boiling points. Crystallization forms pure solid crystals from a solution.

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    Methods of

    Separating
    Mixtures
    Separating Mixtures
    •Since mixtures are combined
    through physical means, their
    components can also be separated
    through physical methods.
    • Filtration
    • Chromatography
    • Centrifuging
    • Distillation
    • Evaporation
    • Crystallization
    • Decantation
    • Sieving
    3
    • Magnetism
    Filtration
    • Used to separate heterogeneous
    mixtures composed of solids
    and liquids.
    • Uses a porous barrier to
    separate the solid from the
    liquid.
    • Liquid passes through leaving
    the solid in the filter paper.
    Filtration can be used
    to separate an
    insoluble substance
    from a soluble
    substance.
    Chromatography
    • Separates components of a mixture
    based on the ability of each
    component to be drawn across the
    surface of another material.
    • Mixture is usually liquid and is usually
    drawn across chromatography paper.
    • Separation occurs because various
    components travel at different rates.
    Centrifuging

    7
    •Centrifuge rotate containers of
    liquids to separate suspended
    materials with different densities.
    •Centrifuge separate different components of
    human blood or milk and to clarify solutions. A
    high speed separator can rotate at great speed
    to separate fat (cream) from milk.
    •The spin drier in washing machines is a type of
    centrifuge that throws out the liquid by the
    "centrifugal force" of the rotation.
    8
    Distillation
    • Used to separate
    homogeneous
    mixtures.
    • Based on differences
    in boiling points of
    substances involved.
    Evaporation can
    be used to
    separate a solute
    from the solvent
    in a solution.
    Crystallization
    • Separation technique that results in
    the formation of pure solid particles
    from a solution containing the
    dissolved substance.
    • As one substance evaporates, the
    dissolved substance comes out of
    solution and collects as crystals.
    • Produces highly pure solids.
    • Rocky candy is an example of this.
    Decantation
    • Decanting is done to separate
    particulates from a liquid by
    allowing the solids to settle to
    the bottom of the mixture
    and gently pouring the liquid
    out. Another method is to
    allow two immiscible liquids to
    separate and the lighter liquid
    is poured off.
    Sieving
    • a porous material is used to
    separate particles of different
    sizes.
    • to accelerate filtration,
    pressure usually is applied.
    Magnetism
    • A magnet can be used to separate a
    magnetic substance from a non-
    magnetic substance.
    Let’s sum it up!

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