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    If Conditional: With Reza and Faisa

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    Syifaa Zuchruf
    The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, type 1 conditional, type 2 conditional, type 3 conditional, and mixed conditional. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause to indicate the likelihood or reality of the condition and consequence. For example, a type 2 conditional uses past simple in the if-clause to refer to an unlikely hypothetical condition and present conditional in the main clause to speculate about its probable result.

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    If Conditional: With Reza and Faisa

    Uploaded by

    Syifaa Zuchruf
    12 views9 pages
    The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, type 1 conditional, type 2 conditional, type 3 conditional, and mixed conditional. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause to indicate the likelihood or reality of the condition and consequence. For example, a type 2 conditional uses past simple in the if-clause to refer to an unlikely hypothetical condition and present conditional in the main clause to speculate about its probable result.

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    The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, type 1 conditional, type 2 conditional, type 3 conditional, and mixed conditional. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause to indicate the likelihood or reality of the condition and consequence. For example, a type 2 conditional uses past simple in the if-clause to refer to an unlikely hypothetical condition and present conditional in the main clause to speculate about its probable result.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views9 pages

    If Conditional: With Reza and Faisa

    Uploaded by

    Syifaa Zuchruf
    The document discusses different types of conditional sentences in English: zero conditional, type 1 conditional, type 2 conditional, type 3 conditional, and mixed conditional. Each type uses different verb tenses in the if-clause and main clause to indicate the likelihood or reality of the condition and consequence. For example, a type 2 conditional uses past simple in the if-clause to refer to an unlikely hypothetical condition and present conditional in the main clause to speculate about its probable result.

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    IF CONDITIONAL

    With Reza and Faisa


    Definition

    ■ Conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could


    happen, what might have happened, and what we wish
    would happen. In English, most sentences using the
    conditional contain the word if.
    ■ If conditional The unreal past
    ■ Made up of an if clause and a main clause
    ■ In many negative conditional sentences, there is an
    equivalent sentence construction using "unless" instead of
    "if".
    5 WAYS CONSTRUCTING IF CONDITIONAL

    Conditional Usage If Clause Verb Main Clause Verb


    Sentence Type Tense Tense
    Zero Type General truths Simple Present Simple Present

    Type 1 A possible condition and its probable result Simple Present Simple Future

    Type 2 A hypothetical condition and its probable Simple Past Present conditional or
    result Present continuous
    conditional
    Type 3 An unreal past condition and its probable Past Perfect Perfect Conditional
    result in the past
    Mixed Type An unreal past condition and its probable Past Perfect Present Conditional
    result in the present
    ZERO CONDITIONAL
    ■ The zero conditional is used for when the time being referred to is now or always and
    the situation is real and possible.
    ■ The zero conditional is often used to refer to general truths. The tense in both parts
    of the sentence is the simple present.
    ■ In zero conditional sentences, the word "if" can usually be replaced by the word
    "when" without changing the meaning.

    If Clause Main Clause

    If + Simple Present Simple Present

    If this thing happens That thing happens

    If you heat ice It’s melts

    If it rains The grass gets wet


    TYPE 1 CONDITIONAL
    ■ The type 1 conditional is used to refer to the present or future where the situation is
    real.
    ■ The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result.
    ■ In these sentences the if clause is in the simple present, and the main clause is in
    the simple future.

    If Clause Main Clause


    If + Simple Present Simple Future
    If this thing happens That thing will happen.
    If you don’t hurry You will miss the train.
    If it rains today You will get wet
    TYPE 2 CONDITIONAL
    ■ The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a
    situation that is unreal. These sentences are not based on fact.
    ■ The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable
    result.
    ■ In type 2 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the simple past, and the main
    clause uses the present conditional.
    If Clause Main Clause
    If + Simple Past Present conditional or present continuous conditional
    If this thing happened That thing would happen. (but I'm not sure this thing will happen) OR
    that thing would be happening.
    If you went to bed earlier You would not be so tired.
    If it rained You would get wet
    If I spoke Italian I would be working in Italy
    TYPE 3 CONDITIONAL
    ■ The type 3 conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that
    is contrary to reality. The facts they are based on are the opposite of what is expressed.
    ■ The type 3 conditional is used to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past
    result.
    ■ In type 3 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the past perfect, and the main clause
    uses the perfect conditional.

    If Clause Main Clause


    If + Past Perfect Perfect conditional or perfect continuous conditional
    If this thing had happened That thing would have happened. (but neither of those things
    really happened) OR
    that thing would have been happening.
    If you had studied harder You would have passed the exam.
    If it had rained You would have gotten wet.
    If I had accepted that promotion I would have been working in Milan.
    MIXED TYPE CONDITIONAL
    ■ The mixed type conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a
    situation that is ongoing into the present. The facts they are based on are the
    opposite of what is expressed.
    ■ The mixed type conditional is used to refer to an unreal past condition and its
    probable result in the present.
    ■ In mixed type conditional sentences, the if clause uses the past perfect, and the
    main clause uses the present conditional.

    If Clause Main Clause


    If + Past Perfect or Simple Past Present conditional or perfect conditional
    If this thing had happened That thing would happen. (but this thing didn't happen so that
    thing isn't happening)
    If I had worked harder at school I would have a better job now.
    If we had looked at the map We wouldn't be lost.
    If you weren't afraid of spiders You would have picked it up and put it outside.

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