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    Pam-131 Engineering Physics: Dr. Ahmat Khurshid

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    Muhammad Farooq
    This document outlines the key concepts in engineering physics including measurement, motion, forces, momentum, energy, work, power, and oscillations. It specifically discusses work done by constant and variable forces, the work-energy theorem which states that the total work done equals the change in kinetic energy, and the definition of power as the rate at which work is done. Examples are provided for calculating work done by gravitational force and stretching a spring.

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    Pam-131 Engineering Physics: Dr. Ahmat Khurshid

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Farooq
    53 views31 pages
    This document outlines the key concepts in engineering physics including measurement, motion, forces, momentum, energy, work, power, and oscillations. It specifically discusses work done by constant and variable forces, the work-energy theorem which states that the total work done equals the change in kinetic energy, and the definition of power as the rate at which work is done. Examples are provided for calculating work done by gravitational force and stretching a spring.

    Original Description:

    chapter 11

    Original Title

    air forcing

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    This document outlines the key concepts in engineering physics including measurement, motion, forces, momentum, energy, work, power, and oscillations. It specifically discusses work done by constant and variable forces, the work-energy theorem which states that the total work done equals the change in kinetic energy, and the definition of power as the rate at which work is done. Examples are provided for calculating work done by gravitational force and stretching a spring.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    53 views31 pages

    Pam-131 Engineering Physics: Dr. Ahmat Khurshid

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Farooq
    This document outlines the key concepts in engineering physics including measurement, motion, forces, momentum, energy, work, power, and oscillations. It specifically discusses work done by constant and variable forces, the work-energy theorem which states that the total work done equals the change in kinetic energy, and the definition of power as the rate at which work is done. Examples are provided for calculating work done by gravitational force and stretching a spring.

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    PAM-131 ENGINEERING PHYSICS

    Dr. Ahmat Khurshid


    Room # A-208
    Phone Ext. 3021
    Email: ahmat@pieas.edu.pk

    1
    PAM-131 ENG. PHYSICS: Contents
    • Measurement; Motion in one-dimension, Force and Newton’s Laws,
    Motion in two and three dimensions, Application of Newton’s laws,
    Momentum, System of particles, rotational kinematics, rotational
    dynamics, Angular momentum, Energy, work, Kinetic Energy and
    power, Potential energy, Conservation of energy, Gravitation,
    Waves and oscillations, Sound Waves, Nature and propagation of
    light.

    2
    Work and Kinetic Energy

    3
    This lecture - Topics
    • Work Done by a Constant Force
    • Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy
    Theorem
    • Work Done by a Variable Force
    • Power

    4
    • What is “ENERGY”

    • What is “KINETIC ENERGY”

    5
    6
    1 g (TNT) = 4.184×103 J or 4.184 kilojoules
    https://youtu.be/ba0t6hFArg4
    7
    Work Done by a Constant Force
    The definition of work, when the force is
    parallel to the displacement:

    SI unit: newton-meter (N·m) = joule, J

    8
    9
    Work Done by a Constant Force
    If the force is at an angle to the displacement:

    10
    Work Done by a Constant Force
    The work can also be written as the dot
    product of the force and the displacement:

    11
    Work Done by a Constant Force

    The work done may be positive, zero, or


    negative, depending on the angle between the
    force and the displacement:

    12
    Work Done by a Constant Force
    If there is more than one force acting on an
    object, we can find the work done by each
    force, and also the work done by the net force:

    13
    Work Done by two constant Forces

    14
    Work Done by two constant Forces

    (a)

    (b)

    15
    16
    Work Done by Gravitational Force

    17
    Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy
    Theorem
    When positive work is done on an object, its
    speed increases; when negative work is done,
    its speed decreases.

    18
    19
    Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy
    Theorem
    After algebraic manipulations of the equations
    of motion, we find:

    Therefore, we define the kinetic energy:

    20
    Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy
    Theorem

    Work-Energy Theorem: The total work done on


    an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy.

    21
    Work Done by a Variable Force
    If the force is constant, we can interpret the
    work done graphically:

    22
    Work Done by a Variable Force
    If the force takes on several successive constant
    values:

    23
    Work Done by a Variable Force
    We can then approximate a continuously varying
    force by a succession of constant values.

    24
    Work Done by a Variable Force
    The force needed to stretch a spring an amount
    x is F = kx.
    Therefore, the work
    done in stretching
    the spring is

    25
    Power
    Power is a measure of the rate at which work is
    done:

    SI unit: J/s = watt, W


    1 horsepower = 1 hp = 746 W

    26
    Power

    27
    Power

    If an object is moving at a constant speed in the


    face of friction, gravity, air resistance, and so
    forth, the power exerted by the driving force can
    be written:

    28
    Summary
    • If the force is constant and parallel to the
    displacement, work is force times distance
    • If the force is not parallel to the displacement,

    • The total work is the work done by the net


    force:

    29
    Summary

    • SI unit of work: the joule, J


    • Total work is equal to the change in kinetic
    energy:

    where

    30
    Summary
    • Work done by a spring force:

    • Power is the rate at which work is done:

    • SI unit of power: the watt, W


    31

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