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    Dr. Oky - Pertusis

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    nur chasanah
    This document provides information on pertussis (whooping cough), including: - It is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium and can cause serious illness in infants under 1 year old, sometimes leading to hospitalization, pneumonia or death. - Symptoms progress through three stages: initial mild cough/coryza, then spasmodic coughing fits and whooping sounds, and finally a convalescent phase where symptoms improve over 1-2 weeks. - Diagnosis can be made through PCR, serology or culture of a nasopharyngeal sample. Treatment involves antibiotics which can shorten and lessen the illness if given early. Vaccination is the primary preventative

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    Dr. Oky - Pertusis

    Uploaded by

    nur chasanah
    13 views18 pages
    This document provides information on pertussis (whooping cough), including: - It is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium and can cause serious illness in infants under 1 year old, sometimes leading to hospitalization, pneumonia or death. - Symptoms progress through three stages: initial mild cough/coryza, then spasmodic coughing fits and whooping sounds, and finally a convalescent phase where symptoms improve over 1-2 weeks. - Diagnosis can be made through PCR, serology or culture of a nasopharyngeal sample. Treatment involves antibiotics which can shorten and lessen the illness if given early. Vaccination is the primary preventative

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    This document provides information on pertussis (whooping cough), including: - It is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium and can cause serious illness in infants under 1 year old, sometimes leading to hospitalization, pneumonia or death. - Symptoms progress through three stages: initial mild cough/coryza, then spasmodic coughing fits and whooping sounds, and finally a convalescent phase where symptoms improve over 1-2 weeks. - Diagnosis can be made through PCR, serology or culture of a nasopharyngeal sample. Treatment involves antibiotics which can shorten and lessen the illness if given early. Vaccination is the primary preventative

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    13 views18 pages

    Dr. Oky - Pertusis

    Uploaded by

    nur chasanah
    This document provides information on pertussis (whooping cough), including: - It is caused by the Bordetella pertussis bacterium and can cause serious illness in infants under 1 year old, sometimes leading to hospitalization, pneumonia or death. - Symptoms progress through three stages: initial mild cough/coryza, then spasmodic coughing fits and whooping sounds, and finally a convalescent phase where symptoms improve over 1-2 weeks. - Diagnosis can be made through PCR, serology or culture of a nasopharyngeal sample. Treatment involves antibiotics which can shorten and lessen the illness if given early. Vaccination is the primary preventative

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    PERTUSSIS

    (WHOOPING COUGH)
    dr. Oky Rahma Prihandani, MSi.Med, SpA
    INTRODUCTION
     Etiology : Bordetella pertussis
     Gram-negative coccobacillus
     Aerob, fastidious
     Bordet and Gengou (1906)
     Worldwide : ± 50 million cases and 300,000 deaths due
    to pertussis occur annually
     CDC : 50% of infants <1year who are infected with
    pertussis will require hospitalization  50% will develop
    pneumonia  1% will die of complications
    PATOPHYSIOLOGY &
    PATOGENESIS
    PATOPHYSIOLOGY & PATOGENESIS
    CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
    (NATURAL HISTORY)
     Spread by aerosol droplets
     Incubation period of 7-14 days (range 5–21 days)
     Followed by three phases of illness:
     catarrhal – non-specific prodromal coryzal illness, mild cough,
    lasting 1–2 weeks
     paroxysmal – spasmodic cough, post-tussive vomiting and
    inspiratory whoop lasting 4–6 weeks
     convalescent – symptoms slowly improving over 1–2 weeks.
     Infants younger than age 6 months often have a less typical
    presentation. The classic “whoop” may be absent, and
    gasping, gagging, and apnea can occur  Sudden death
    LABORATORY STUDIES
     Leukocytosis, together with an absolute lymphocytosis
     PCR
     Serological testing
     Nasopharyngeal swab or aspirate culture  “gold
    standard”
     Monitoring of fluids and electrolytes is necessary in
    infants with severe disease
    COMPLICATION

     Pneumonia
     Pneumothorax
     Pneumomediastinum
     Subcutaneous emphysema
     Superficial petechial hemorrhage
     Rib fracture
     Rectal prolapse
     Apne
     Intracranial hemorrhage
     Seizures
     Encephalopathy
     Death
    MANAGEMENT
     If left untreated :
     B pertussis will clear spontaneously from the nasopharynx
    within 2 to 4 weeks of infection.
     Nasopharyngeal carriage can persist for 6 weeks or more 
    remain contagious and can spread the illness to others.
     Antibiotics can shorten the course and attenuate the
    severity of pertussis when started early in the course of
    the illness (catarrhal stage)
     Infants afflicted with pertussis often require
    hospitalization for fluid, nutritional, and respiratory
    support
    PREVENTION
     Primary prevention : vaccination
     Prevention of secondary cases : close contacts should also
    receive antibiotic prophylaxis  Patients are considered
    not to be contagious after 5 days of antimicrobial
    treatment, or 21 days after the onset of cough if unable
    to take antibiotics
    Pertussis Prophylaxis: Definition of Close
    Contact and High Risk

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