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    Pitch and Intonation: Kuiper and Allan Chapter 6.2

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    sami karem
    Pitch and intonation are created by variations in vocal cord vibration rate and pitch movement. Pitch changes can be phonemic in tone languages or intonational in all languages. Intonation is created by pitch movements that overlay phonemes. Speech is divided into tone groups with one prominent tone or pitch change per group, usually on the last stressed syllable. Tone groups often align with grammatical phrases and their boundaries. Intonation serves attitudinal, accentual, and grammatical functions in language.

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    Pitch and Intonation: Kuiper and Allan Chapter 6.2

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    sami karem
    21 views12 pages
    Pitch and intonation are created by variations in vocal cord vibration rate and pitch movement. Pitch changes can be phonemic in tone languages or intonational in all languages. Intonation is created by pitch movements that overlay phonemes. Speech is divided into tone groups with one prominent tone or pitch change per group, usually on the last stressed syllable. Tone groups often align with grammatical phrases and their boundaries. Intonation serves attitudinal, accentual, and grammatical functions in language.

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    Sounds 15 Pitch and Intonation

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    Pitch and intonation are created by variations in vocal cord vibration rate and pitch movement. Pitch changes can be phonemic in tone languages or intonational in all languages. Intonation is created by pitch movements that overlay phonemes. Speech is divided into tone groups with one prominent tone or pitch change per group, usually on the last stressed syllable. Tone groups often align with grammatical phrases and their boundaries. Intonation serves attitudinal, accentual, and grammatical functions in language.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    21 views12 pages

    Pitch and Intonation: Kuiper and Allan Chapter 6.2

    Uploaded by

    sami karem
    Pitch and intonation are created by variations in vocal cord vibration rate and pitch movement. Pitch changes can be phonemic in tone languages or intonational in all languages. Intonation is created by pitch movements that overlay phonemes. Speech is divided into tone groups with one prominent tone or pitch change per group, usually on the last stressed syllable. Tone groups often align with grammatical phrases and their boundaries. Intonation serves attitudinal, accentual, and grammatical functions in language.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Pitch and intonation

    Kuiper and Allan Chapter 6.2


    Pitch

    • People only rarely speak on a


    monotone.
    • Pitch changes take two forms in
    languages:
    – phonemic in tone languages
    – intonational in all languages
    Creating pitch

    • Pitch is created by the rate of vibration


    of the vocal cords.
    • You can make your vocal cords vibrate
    at different rates when you sing.
    • You have a natural pitch span or pitch
    range when speaking.
    Exercise

    Say the following first as a statement


    and second as a question.
    Listen carefully for the pitch of your
    voice at the end of the utterance.

    You left the train.


    Intonation

    • is created by pitch movements.


    • Intonation is suprasegmental in that it
    is an overlay over the segmental
    phoneme sequence.
    Tones

    • When the pitch of the voice changes during


    the production of a syllable we are hearing a
    tone.
    • Types of tones:
    – falling $
    – rising €
    – rise fall fl
    – fall rise ‡
    Exercise

    Listen to the following sentence and


    see if it divides into intonational
    sections.
    How many tones does each section
    have?
    After eating her breakfast, Joanna went
    out.
    Tone groups

    • Speech is divided into tone groups.


    • Each tone group has one tonic syllable
    in which there is a tone.
    An analogy

    • Think of speaking as rather like singing


    where each syllable has a note.
    • A tone group is a musical phrase.
    • The nuclear tone involves a pitch
    change on the syllable; all other
    syllables are sung without a change in
    pitch.
    The musical notation of
    intonation

    • The normal pitch range

    • A tone group

    Are you at home


    Where are tone group
    boundaries?

    • In continuous speech tone group boundaries


    tend to come at grammatical phrase
    boundaries.
    • The tonic syllable (the one having the pitch
    change) is usually the last stressed syllable
    in the tone group.
    • Tone group boundaries are marked by a
    vertical slash in a text.
    The functions of intonation

    • attitudinal
    I’ll see you behind the bike sheds afterwards.
    You?
    • accentual
    – contrastive stress
    I want a big icecream.
    • grammatical
    Those who work slowly get to the top.

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