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The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java including dynamic method dispatch, the final keyword, abstract classes, and abstract methods. It provides examples to illustrate each concept. Dynamic method dispatch allows a method call to be resolved at runtime based on the actual object type. The final keyword can be applied to variables, methods, and classes to restrict them from being changed. An abstract class can contain abstract and non-abstract methods but cannot be instantiated, and abstract methods do not provide an implementation.

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Himanish Nellutla
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62 views9 pages

This Work Is Licensed Under A - This Presentation Is Released Under Creative Commons

The document discusses object-oriented programming concepts in Java including dynamic method dispatch, the final keyword, abstract classes, and abstract methods. It provides examples to illustrate each concept. Dynamic method dispatch allows a method call to be resolved at runtime based on the actual object type. The final keyword can be applied to variables, methods, and classes to restrict them from being changed. An abstract class can contain abstract and non-abstract methods but cannot be instantiated, and abstract methods do not provide an implementation.

Uploaded by

Himanish Nellutla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike

4.0 International License. This presentation is released under Creative Commons-


A6ribute,on 4.0 License. You are free to use, distribute and modify it ,
including for commercial purposes, provided you acknowledge the source.
Dynamic method Dispatch

• Runtime polymorphism or Dynamic Method Dispatch is a process in


which a call to an overridden method is resolved at runtime rather than
compile-time.

• In this process, an overridden method is called through the reference


variable of a super class.
• (Source: https://www.javatpoint.com)
Example
class Bike{
void run(){System.out.println("running");}
}
class Splender extends Bike{
void run(){System.out.println("running safely with 60km");}

public static void main(String args[]){


Bike b = new Splender();//upcasting
b.run();
}
}
Output:
running safely with 60km.
Final Keyword

• The final keyword in java is used to restrict the user. The java final
keyword can be used in many context. Final can be:
• variable
• method
• Class

What is blank or uninitialized final variable?


• A final variable that is not initialized at the time of declaration is known as
blank final variable.
• It can be initialized only in constructor.
• (Source: https://www.javatpoint.com)
Example: Final Variable
class Bike9{
final int speedlimit=90;//final variable
void run(){
speedlimit=400;
}
public static void main(String args[]){
Bike9 obj=new Bike9();
obj.run();
}
}//end of class
Output:
Compile Time Error
Note: You can’t change the value of final variable
Example: Final Variable
class Bike{
final void run(){System.out.println("running");}
}

class Honda extends Bike{


void run(){System.out.println("running safely with 100kmph");}

public static void main(String args[]){


Honda honda= new Honda();
honda.run();
}
}
Output: Compile Time Error
Note: You can’t override a final method
Example: Final class
final class Bike{}

class Honda1 extends Bike{


void run(){System.out.println("running safely with 100kmph");}

public static void main(String args[]){


Honda1 honda= new Honda1();
honda.run();
}
}
Output: Compile Time Error
Note: You can’t extend a final class.
Abstract Class
• A class that is declared with abstract keyword, is known as abstract class in
java. It can have abstract and non-abstract methods (method with body).

Ways to achieve Abstraction


• There are two ways to achieve abstraction in java
• Abstract class (0 to 100%)
• Interface (100%)

Abstract class in Java


• A class that is declared as abstract is known as abstract class. It needs to be
extended and its method implemented. It cannot be instantiated.

Abstract method
• A method that is declared as abstract and does not have implementation is
known as abstract method.Example abstract method
• abstract void printStatus();//no body and abstract
• (Source: https://www.javatpoint.com)
Example of abstract class that has abstract
method
abstract class Bike{
abstract void run();
}
class Honda4 extends Bike{
void run(){System.out.println("running safely..");}
public static void main(String args[]){
Bike obj = new Honda4();
obj.run();
}
}
Output: running safely..

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