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    A.sateesh 17-202

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    Naresh Gadidasula
    This document discusses electric traction systems for railways. It describes the advantages of electric traction over steam systems, including lower operating costs, lack of smoke/gas, lower maintenance costs, and high starting torque. It outlines the main types of electric traction systems as DC traction, AC traction, and multi-systems. DC traction uses direct current from third rails or overhead lines, while AC traction uses alternating current from overhead lines. Multi-system trains can operate under different voltage and current types. The document also briefly discusses track electrification methods, current collectors, and major components of electric locomotives such as transformers, rectifiers, and inverters.

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    A.sateesh 17-202

    Uploaded by

    Naresh Gadidasula
    98 views17 pages
    This document discusses electric traction systems for railways. It describes the advantages of electric traction over steam systems, including lower operating costs, lack of smoke/gas, lower maintenance costs, and high starting torque. It outlines the main types of electric traction systems as DC traction, AC traction, and multi-systems. DC traction uses direct current from third rails or overhead lines, while AC traction uses alternating current from overhead lines. Multi-system trains can operate under different voltage and current types. The document also briefly discusses track electrification methods, current collectors, and major components of electric locomotives such as transformers, rectifiers, and inverters.

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    This document discusses electric traction systems for railways. It describes the advantages of electric traction over steam systems, including lower operating costs, lack of smoke/gas, lower maintenance costs, and high starting torque. It outlines the main types of electric traction systems as DC traction, AC traction, and multi-systems. DC traction uses direct current from third rails or overhead lines, while AC traction uses alternating current from overhead lines. Multi-system trains can operate under different voltage and current types. The document also briefly discusses track electrification methods, current collectors, and major components of electric locomotives such as transformers, rectifiers, and inverters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    98 views17 pages

    A.sateesh 17-202

    Uploaded by

    Naresh Gadidasula
    This document discusses electric traction systems for railways. It describes the advantages of electric traction over steam systems, including lower operating costs, lack of smoke/gas, lower maintenance costs, and high starting torque. It outlines the main types of electric traction systems as DC traction, AC traction, and multi-systems. DC traction uses direct current from third rails or overhead lines, while AC traction uses alternating current from overhead lines. Multi-system trains can operate under different voltage and current types. The document also briefly discusses track electrification methods, current collectors, and major components of electric locomotives such as transformers, rectifiers, and inverters.

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    of 17

    ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEM

    Presented By:
    A.SATEESH
    17E35A0202
    BTECH EEE
    4TH YEAR
    CONTENTS
     INTRODUCTION
     ADVANTAGES
     TYPE OF ELECTRIC TRACTION
     SYSTEM OF TRACK ELECTRIFICATION
     TYPE OF TRACK ELECTRIFICATION
     TYPES OF CURRENT COLLECTORS
     MAJOR COMPOTENTS
     CONCLOUSION
    Introduction
     The process of moving any vehicle is called traction. If the
    Electric energy is use in this process is called electric
    traction.
     Classified broadly into groups namely:
     Non-Electric traction system/Mechanical traction
    system:-
    Traction system do not involve the use of electricity
    such as steam engine drive , IC engine drive etc.
     Electric Traction system:-
    The system which use electrical power for traction system
    i.e for railways , trams trolleys , etc. called electric traction.
    ADVANTAGES

     Cheapness : Low operation cost.


     Cleanliness: Smoke and gas free.
     Maintenance cost: 50% less than other steam
    system.
     Starting time and speed:
    Without loss of time.
     High starting torque:
    Very high starting torque. Use of D.C & A.C series motor-
     Braking:
    which feedback energy. Regenerative breaking is used
     Saving in high grade coal:
    energy source. Saving of non-renewable
    TYPE OF ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEMS

    Electric Traction
    system

    DC Traction AC Traction Multi Systems


    DC Traction
     DC traction units use direct current drawn from conductor
    rail or an overhead lines.
     The most popular line voltage for overhead wire supply
    systems-15kV DC and 30kV DC.
     600V-750V DC volt range is used for third rail systems
    (additional rail is provided for supplying electricity to train
    and is called conductor rail).
    Disadvantage:-
     Expensive substations are required at
    frequent intervals.
     The overhead wire must be relatively
    large and heavy.
     Voltage goes on decreasing with increase
    in length
    AC Traction
     AC Traction units draw alternating current from an overhead line.
     Typical Voltage Used are:-
    25kV AC, 50 HZ
    25kV AC, 60 HZ
    Advantages:-
     Less substations are required.
     Lighting overhead current supply wire can be used.
     Reduced capital cost of electrification
     Reduced weight of support structure.
    Multi-Systems
     Multi-system trains are used to provides continuous journeys
    along routes that are electrified using more than one system.
     One way to accomplish this is by changing locomotives at the
    switching stations.
     These stations have overhead wires that can be switch from one
    voltage to another.
     Another way is to use multi-system locomotives that cam operates
    under several different voltage and current type.
    System of Track Electrification
     Trolley wire or contact wire- suspended with of sag so that
    contact between the trolley wire and current collector can be
    maintained at high speeds.
     This wire is supported by another wire known as catenary.
     Two different type of catenary construction can be used.
     Single Catenary
     Compound Catenary
    Type of Track Electrification
     Single Catenary  Compound Catenary
    Construction Construction
     Provided for speed up to  Provided for speeds range
    120kmph. 190-224kmph
     Span of catenary wire 45-90m Additional wire called
    and sag of 1-2m intermediate wire is use to
     Relatively cheaper increase current carrying
     Less maintenance capacity i.e to have
    increase traffic density
     Suitable where traffic is danger
    more and operating speeds are
    low
    Types of current collector
     Bow collector:- A bow collector is one of
    the three main device used on tramcars
    to transfer electric current from the wire
    above to the tram below . It has now
    largely replaced by the pantograph

     Pantograph collector:-Main function is to


    maintain the link between overhead
    contact wire and power circuit of the
    locomotive at varying speeds in different
    climate and wind condition
    MAJOR COMPONENTS
    1. TRACTION SUBSTATION
    2. OVERHEAD WIRING
    3. CURRENT COLLECTOR
    4. TRACK
    5. TRACTION SYSTEM (VEHICLE)
    Parts of Electric Locomotive
     TRAMSFORMER
     The line voltage has to be step down before use on the train.
     Traction Transformer for trains and railway stock transform the
    overhead contact line voltage ,which ranges mainly from 15KV or
    25KV.
     Normally Transformer use are of rating 5600KVA to 7200KVA
    RECTIFIER
     A rectifier consists of thyristors and
    diodes which is used to convert AC to DC
     Instead of conventional bridge rectifier
    thyristors are used.
     A modern locomotive usually have
    atleast two “Main Rectifier”.

    Vd.c=2Vmax/𝜋
    =0.637Vmax=0.9Vrms
    INVERTER
     inverter, is a power electronic device that converts
    into direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC)
    Conclusion
     No single motor is ideal for traction purpose. DC series motor are
    most suitable for this system.

     Power electronic has been restored to in a major way for


    conversion and control operations.

     Through electric locomotive are more efficient then steam


    and diesel locomotives.

     It is very convient and safe journey.


    THANK YOU

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