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    Hopkinson Test

    Uploaded by

    Bharat
    This document outlines a procedure to determine the efficiencies of two identical DC machines using Hopkinson's test. The machines are mechanically coupled and connected in parallel across a DC supply, with one operating as a motor and the other as a generator. Power measurements and calculations are used to determine the losses and efficiencies of each machine operating as a motor and generator. Precautions are noted regarding field rheostat and switch positions during starting and stopping.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Hopkinson Test

    Uploaded by

    Bharat
    868 views12 pages
    This document outlines a procedure to determine the efficiencies of two identical DC machines using Hopkinson's test. The machines are mechanically coupled and connected in parallel across a DC supply, with one operating as a motor and the other as a generator. Power measurements and calculations are used to determine the losses and efficiencies of each machine operating as a motor and generator. Precautions are noted regarding field rheostat and switch positions during starting and stopping.

    Original Description:

    A Thesis part presentation of Hopkinson Test.

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    This document outlines a procedure to determine the efficiencies of two identical DC machines using Hopkinson's test. The machines are mechanically coupled and connected in parallel across a DC supply, with one operating as a motor and the other as a generator. Power measurements and calculations are used to determine the losses and efficiencies of each machine operating as a motor and generator. Precautions are noted regarding field rheostat and switch positions during starting and stopping.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    868 views12 pages

    Hopkinson Test

    Uploaded by

    Bharat
    This document outlines a procedure to determine the efficiencies of two identical DC machines using Hopkinson's test. The machines are mechanically coupled and connected in parallel across a DC supply, with one operating as a motor and the other as a generator. Power measurements and calculations are used to determine the losses and efficiencies of each machine operating as a motor and generator. Precautions are noted regarding field rheostat and switch positions during starting and stopping.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    23 December 2019 1

    Presented By:
    Sampurna Panda
    Shibson Pati
    Debasish Pattnaik
    Jitendra kumar Sahoo
    23 December 2019 2

    PRESENTATION PLAN
    • Objective
    • Apparatus Required
    • Theory
    • Circuit Diagram
    • Procedure
    • Observation
    • Calculation
    • Conclusion
    • Precaution
    23 December 2019 3

    OBJECTIVE

    • This as an elegant method of testing d.c machines. Here


    it will be shown that while power drawn from the supply
    only corresponds to no load losses of the machines.

    • In this test of 2 identical d.c machines efficiencies of two


    machines are determined.

    • This method of determining the efficiency of a d.c.


    machine saves power and gives more accurate results.
    23 December 2019 4

    APPARATUS REQUIRED
    23 December 2019 5

    THEORY
    • Two identical d.c. shunt machines are mechanically coupled
    and connected in parallel across the d.c. supply. By adjusting
    the field excitations of the machines, one is run as a motor and
    the other as a generator.

    • The electric power from the generator and electrical power


    from the d.c. supply are fed to the motor. The electric power
    given to the motor is mostly converted into mechanical power,
    the rest going to the various motor losses.

    • This mechanical power is given to the generator. The electrical


    power of the generator is given to the motor except that which
    is wasted as generator losses.
    23 December 2019 6

    CONT.
    • Thus the electrical power taken from the d.c. supply is the
    sum of motor and generator losses and this can be
    measured directly by a voltmeter and an ammeter.

    • By adjusting the field strengths of the machines, any load


    can be put on the machines. Therefore, wecan measure
    the total loss of the machines at any load.
    23 December 2019 7

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
    23 December 2019 8

    PROCEDURE
    1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

    2. After checking the minimum position of field rheostat of motor,


    maximum position of field rheostat of generator, opening of SPST switch,
    DPST switch is closed and starting resistance is gradually removed.

    3. The motor is brought to its rated speed by adjusting the field


    rheostat of the motor.

    4. The voltmeter V1 is made to read zero by adjusting field rheostat of


    generator and SPST switch is closed.

    5. By adjusting field rheostats of motor and generator, various


    Ammeter readings, voltmeter readings are noted.

    6. The rheostats and SPST switch are brought to their original


    positions and DPST switch is opened.
    23 December 2019 9

    OBSERVATION
    23 December 2019 10

    CALCULATION
    FORMULAE:
    • Input Power = VI1 watts
    • Motor armature cu loss = (I1+ I2)2 Ra watts
    • Generator armature cu loss = I22 Ra watts
    • Total Stray losses W = V I1 - (I1+I2)2 Ra + I22 Ra watts.
    • Stray loss per machine = W/2 watts.

    • AS MOTOR:
    • Input Power = Armature input + Shunt field input
    = (I1+ I2) V + I3V = (I1+I2+I3) V
    • Total Losses = Armature Cu loss + Field loss + stray
    loss
    = (I1 + I2)2 Ra + VI3 + W/2 watts
    Input power – Total Losses
    • Efficiency % = ------------------------------------- x 100%
    Input Power
    23 December 2019 11

    CONT.
    AS GENERATOR:
    • Output Power = VI2 watts
    • Total Losses = Armature Cu loss+
    Field Loss + Stray loss = I22 Ra + VI4 + W/2 watts

    Output power
    • Efficiency % = ------------------------------- x 100%
    Output Power+ Total Losses
    23 December 2019 12

    CONCLUSION
    • Thus Hopkinson’s test is conducted on a pair of identical
    DC machines the efficiency of the machine as generator
    and as motor are determined.

    PRECATUIONS:
    1. The field rheostat of the motor should be in the minimum position at the
    time of starting and stopping the machine.
    2. The field rheostat of the generator should be in the maximum position at
    the time of starting and stopping the machine.
    3. SPST switch should be kept open at the time of starting and stopping the
    machine.

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