ENVIRONMENTAL

LAWS AND POLICIES

 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9147
- Wildlife Resources Conservation and
Protection Act

GOALS OF R.A. No. 9147

• To conserve and protect wildlife species
and their habitats to promote ecological
balance and enhance biological diversity
• To regulate the collection and trade of
wildlife
• To pursue, with due regard to the national
interest, the Philippine commitment to
international conventions, protection of
wildlife and their habitats

• To initiate or support scientific studies on

the conservation of biological diversity
• This Act shall also apply to exotic species
which are subject to trade, are cultured,
maintained and/or bred in captivity or
propagated in the country.

R.A. No. 9147 Sec. 8- Possession of Wildlife

- No person or entity shall be allowed
possession of wildlife unless such person or
entity can prove financial and technical
capability and facility to maintain said wildlife
• Sec. 28. Penalties for Violations of this Act. For any person
who undertakes illegal acts under paragraph (a) of the
immediately preceding section to any species as may be
categorized pursuant to this Act, the following penalties
and/or fines shall be imposed

• (a) imprisonment of a minimum of six (6) years and one (1)

day to twelve (12) years and/or a fine of One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to One million pesos
(P1,000,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against species
listed as critical

• (b) imprisonment of four (4) and one (1) day to six (6) years
and/or a fine of Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to Five
hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) if inflicted or
undertaken against endangered species
• (c) imprisonment of two (2) years and one (1) day to four
(4) years and/or a fine of Thirty thousand pesos
(P30,000.00) to Three hundred thousand pesos
(P300,000.00), if inflicted or undertaken against vulnerable
species

• (d) imprisonment of one (1) year and one (1) day to two (2)
years and/or a fine of Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00)
to Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) if inflicted or
undertaken against other threatened species; and

• (e) imprisonment of six (6) months and one (1) day to one
(1) year and/or a fine of Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to
One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00), if inflicted or
undertaken against other wildlife species.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9003
- Ecological Solid Waste Management Act
Of 2000

GOALS OF R.A. No. 9003

• Ensure the protection of the public health
and environment

• Utilize environmentally-sound methods

that maximize the utilization of valuable
resources and encourage resource
conservation and recovery
• Ensure the proper segregation, collection, transport, storage,
treatment and disposal of solid waste through the formulation
and adoption of the best environmental practice in ecological
waste management excluding incineration

• Promote national research and development programs for

improved solid waste management and resource conservation
techniques, more effective institutional arrangement and
indigenous and improved methods of waste reduction,
collection, separation and recovery

• Strength the integration of ecological solid waste management

and resource conservation and recovery topics into the academic
curricula of formal and non-formal education in order to
promote environmental awareness and action among the
citizenry.
R.A. No. 9003 Sec. 48. Prohibited Acts
The following acts are prohibited:
• Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in
public places, such as roads, sidewalks, canals,
parks, and establishment, or causing or
permitting the same
• The open burning of solid waste
• Causing or permitting the collection of non-
segregated or unsorted wastes
• Open dumping, burying of biodegradable or non-
biodegradable materials in flood prone areas;
• Sec. 49. Fines and Penalties
• Any person who violates Section 48
shall, upon conviction, be punished with a
fine of not less than P300.00 but not more
than P1,000, 000.00 or render community
service for not less than 1 day to not more
than 15 days to an LGU where such
prohibited acts are committed, or both.
• Imprisonment of not less than 1 day but to
not more than 6 years or both.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8749
-Philippine Clean Air Act Of 1999
SEC. 2. Declaration of Principles
• The State shall protect and advance the right of the people
to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the
rhythm and harmony of nature.

• The State shall promote and protect the global environment

to attain sustainable development while recognizing the
primary responsibility of local government units to deal
with environmental problems.
• The State recognizes that the responsibility of
cleaning the habitat and environment is
primarily area-based.

• The State also recognizes the principle that

“polluters must pay”.

• Finally, the State recognizes that a clean and

healthy environment is for the good of all and
should, therefore, be the concern of all.
R.A. No. 8749 Sec. 4. Recognition of Rights
- Pursuant to the above-declared principles, the
following rights of citizens are hereby sought
to be recognized and the State shall seek to
guarantee their enjoyment
• The right to breathe clean air

• The right to utilize and enjoy all natural

resources according to the principles of
sustainable development
• The right to participate in the formulation, planning,
implementation and monitoring of environmental
policies and programs and in the decision-making
process

• The right to bring action in court or quasi-judicial

bodies to enjoin all activities in violation of
environmental laws and regulations, to compel the
rehabilitation and cleanup of affected area, and to
seek the imposition of penal sanctions against
violators of environmental laws
R.A. No. 8749 Sec. 24. Pollution from
smoking
• Smoking inside a public building or an
enclosed public place including public
vehicles and other means of transport or in
any enclosed area outside of one’s private
residence, private place of work or any
duly designated smoking area is hereby
prohibited under this Act. This provision
shall be implemented by the LGUs.
R.A. No. 8749 Sec. 47. Fines and Penalties
for Violations of Other Provisions in the Act
• For violations of all other provisions provided in
this Act and of the rules and regulations thereof, a
fine of not less than P10,000 but not more than
P100,000 or 6 months to 6 years imprisonment
or both shall be imposed. If the offender is a
juridical person, the president, manager, directors,
trustees, the pollution control officer or the
officials directly in charge of the operations shall
suffer the penalty herein provided.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8485
- The Animal Welfare Act Of 1998.
R.A.No. 8485 Section 1.
It is the purpose of this Act to protect and
promote the welfare of all animals in the
Philippines by supervising and regulating the
establishment and operations of all facilities
utilized for breeding, maintaining, keeping,
treating or training of all animals either as
objects of trade or as household pets, including
birds.
R.A. No. 8485 Sec. 7
•It shall be the duty of every person to
protect the natural habitat of the
wildlife. The destruction of said
habitat shall be considered as a form
of cruelty to animals and its
preservation is a way of protecting the
animals.
R.A. No.8485 Sec. 8.
• Any person who violates any of the provisions of
this Act shall, upon conviction by final judgment, be
punished by imprisonment of not less than 6 months
nor more than 2 years or a fine of not less than
P1,000.00 or more than P5,000.00 or both at the
discretion of the Court. If the violation is committed
by a juridical person, the officer responsible therefor
shall serve the imprisonment when imposed. If the
violation is committed by an alien, he or she shall be
immediately deported after service of sentence
without any further proceedings.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7942
- Philippine Mining Act of 1995
• All mineral resources in public and private lands
within the territory and exclusive economic zone
of the Republic of the Philippines are owned by
the State. It shall be the responsibility of the State
to promote their rational exploration,
development, utilization and conservation
through the combined efforts of government and
the private sector in order to enhance national
growth in a way that effectively safeguards the
environment and protect the rights of affected
communities.
PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1152
- The Philippine Environment Code

P.D. No. 1152 Sec. 2

(AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT)

• The purposes of this Title are:

a. to achieve and maintain such levels of air
quality as to protect public health; and
b. to prevent to the greatest extent
practicable, injury and/or damage to plant
and animal life and property, and promote
the social economic development of the
country.
(WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT)
-P.D. No. 1152 Section 14
• It is the purpose of this Title to prescribe
management guidelines aimed to protect and
improve the quality of Philippine water
resources through

a. classification of Philippine waters;

b. establishment of water quality standards;

c. protection and improvement of the
quality of Philippine water resources;
and

d. responsibilities for surveillance and

mitigation of pollution incidents.
(LAND USE MANAGEMENT)
•P.D. No. 1152 Section 22
• The purposes of this Title are:
• a. to provide a rational, orderly and efficient acquisition,
utilization and disposition of land its resources in order to
derive therefrom maximum benefits

• b. to encourage the prudent use and conservation of land

resources in order to prevent an imbalance between the
nation’s needs and such resources.
(NATURAL RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION
• P.D. No. 1152 Section 25
• The purpose of this Title are:
• a. to provide the basics on the management
and conservation of the country’s natural
resources to obtain the optimum benefits
therefrom and to preserve the same for the
future generations and;

• b. to provide general measures through which

the aforesaid policy may be carried out
effectively.
(WASTE MANAGEMENT)
• P.D. No. 1152 Section 42
• The purposes of this Title are:
• a. to set guidelines for waste management with a
view to ensuring its effectiveness;

• b. to encourage, promote and stimulate

technological, educational, economic and social
efforts to prevent environmental damage and
unnecessary loss of valuable resources of the nation
through recovery, recycling and re-use of wastes and
waste products; and
• c. to provide measures to guide and
encourage appropriate government
agencies in establishing sound,
efficient, comprehensive and
effective waste management.