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    Generations of Computer

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    Lokesh Parashar
    The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used microprocessors on a single chip, and the fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation was characterized by a major technological development that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and more efficient.

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    Generations of Computer

    Uploaded by

    Lokesh Parashar
    651 views21 pages
    The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used microprocessors on a single chip, and the fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation was characterized by a major technological development that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and more efficient.

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    The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used microprocessors on a single chip, and the fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation was characterized by a major technological development that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and more efficient.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    651 views21 pages

    Generations of Computer

    Uploaded by

    Lokesh Parashar
    The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used microprocessors on a single chip, and the fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence and parallel processing. Each generation was characterized by a major technological development that made computers smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and more efficient.

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    LOKESH PARASHAR 1

    INDEX
     INTRODUCTION
     GENERATION OF COMPUTERS
     FIRST GENERATION OF COMPUTER
     SECOND GENERATION OF COMPUTER
     THIRD GENERATION OF COMPUTER
     FOURTH GENERATION OF COMPUTER
     FIFTH GENERATION OF COMPUTER
     REFERENCE
    LOKESH PARASHAR 2
    INTRODUCTION
     The history of computer development is often referred
    to in reference to the different generations of
    computing devices. Each generation of computer is
    characterized by a major technological development
    that fundamentally changed the way computers
    operate, resulting in increasingly smaller, cheaper,
    more powerful and more efficient and reliable devices.

    LOKESH PARASHAR 3
    Generation of Computers
    Based on the characteristics of various computers developed from time
    to time, they are categorized as generation of computers.

    Generation
    of
    Computers

    First Second Third Fourth Fifth


    Generation Generation Generation Generation Generation

    LOKESH PARASHAR 4
    First generation computers
    (1940-1956)
     The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry
    and magnetic drums for memory.
     They were often enormous and taking up entire room.
     First generation computers relied on machine
    language.
     . They were very expensive to operate and in addition
    to using a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of
    heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.
     The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of
    first-generation computing devices.
    LOKESH PARASHAR 5
    First generation computers

    LOKESH PARASHAR 6
    First Generation of Computer
     Some computers of this
    generation were −
     ENIAC
     EDVAC
     UNIVAC
     IBM-701
     IBM-650

    LOKESH PARASHAR 7
    Second generation computers
    (1956-1963)
    • Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the
    second generation of computers.
    • Second-generation computers moved from
    cryptic binary machine language to symbolic.
    • High-level programming languages were also being
    developed at this time, such as early versions
    of COBOL and FORTRAN.
    • These were also the first computers that stored their
    instructions in their memory.

    LOKESH PARASHAR 8
    Second generation computers

    LOKESH PARASHAR 9
    Second Generation of Computer
     Some computers of this
    generation were −
     IBM 1620
     IBM 7094
     CDC 1604
     CDC 3600
     UNIVAC 1108

    LOKESH PARASHAR 10
    Third generation computers
    (1964-1971)
     The development of the integrated circuit was the
    hallmark of the third generation of computers.
     Transistors were miniaturized and placed
    on siliconchips, called semiconductors.
     Instead of punched cards and printouts, users
    interacted with third generation computers
    through keyboards and monitors and interfaced with
    an operating system.
     Allowed the device to run many
    different applications at one time.
    LOKESH PARASHAR 11
    Third generation computers

    LOKESH PARASHAR 12
    Third Generation of Computer
     Some computers of this
    generation were −
     IBM-360 series
     Honeywell-6000 series
     PDP (Personal Data
    Processor)
     IBM-370/168
     TDC-316

    LOKESH PARASHAR 13
    Fourth generation computers
    (1971-present)
     The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of
    computers, as thousands of integrated circuits were
    built onto a single silicon chip.
     The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the
    components of the computer.
     From the central processing unit and memory to
    input/output controls—on a single chip.
     . Fourth generation computers also saw the
    development of GUIs, the mouse and
    handheld devices.
    LOKESH PARASHAR 14
    Fourth generation computers

    LOKESH PARASHAR 15
    Fourth Generation of Computer
     Some computers of this
    generation were −
     DEC 10
     STAR 1000
     PDP 11
     CRAY-1(Super
    Computer)
     CRAY-X-MP(Super
    Computer)

    LOKESH PARASHAR 16
    Fifth generation computers
    (present and beyond)
     Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial
    intelligence.
     Are still in development, though there are some
    applications, such as voice recognition.
     The use of parallel processing and superconductors is
    helping to make artificial intelligence a reality.
     The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop
    devices that respond to natural language input and are
    capable of learning and self-organization.

    LOKESH PARASHAR 17
    Fifth generation computers

    LOKESH PARASHAR 18
    Fifth Generation of Computer
     Some computer types of
    this generation are −
     Desktop
     Laptop
     NoteBook
     UltraBook
     ChromeBook

    LOKESH PARASHAR 19
    REFERENCE
     www.library.thinkquest.org
     www.datahub.blog.co.in
     www.google.com

    LOKESH PARASHAR 20
    THANK YOU

    LOKESH PARASHAR 21

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