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STIs

The document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents. It defines STIs and lists common types such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Signs and symptoms of STIs as well as prevention methods like abstinence, monogamy, and condom use are described. Abstinence is defined and benefits such as self-respect, clearer conscience, and improved marriage are outlined. Complications of untreated STIs can include infertility, cervical cancer, and increased HIV risk. STIs also have social and economic impacts like depression, stigma, and decreased productivity.

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Abdulmumin Usman
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147 views31 pages

STIs

The document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents. It defines STIs and lists common types such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Signs and symptoms of STIs as well as prevention methods like abstinence, monogamy, and condom use are described. Abstinence is defined and benefits such as self-respect, clearer conscience, and improved marriage are outlined. Complications of untreated STIs can include infertility, cervical cancer, and increased HIV risk. STIs also have social and economic impacts like depression, stigma, and decreased productivity.

Uploaded by

Abdulmumin Usman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National RH & HIV/AIDS Prevention &

Care Project through the NYSC

Theme 1:
Adolescent Reproductive Health
& Rights
Topic 1.4:
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Objectives
At the end of the session, participants should be
able to:
• Define the term STIs
• Mention 6 common STIs
• Describe 4 common signs/symptoms of STIs
• Describe 3 ways of preventing STIs
• Define Abstinence and Sexual Abstinence
• List 4 benefits of sexual abstinence
• List 4 strategies that can be used in the practice
of sexual abstinence
• Describe complications of STIs
• Describe the social & economic effect of STI on
men & women.
• STIs are infections passed from one person to
another through sexual contact.”
There are 3 different types of STIs:

1. Bacteria: Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chancroid,


Chlamydia.

2. Virus: Genital herpes, Human Papiloma Virus,


HPV, Hepatitis B, HIV.

3. Protozoa:Trichomoniasis.
• STIs are not a problem for young people.
• STIs can lead to serious health problems
especially if left untreated.
• It is easy for young men to know if they have
STIs because they will have symptoms.
• Having an STI puts people at greater risk of
contacting HIV.
• Condoms are the best means of preventing STI
for young unmarried persons.
• Young people do not have to seek regular
medical attention for STI treatment.
• A wound, sore or ulcer, rash, blister,
on or around the penis.
• A discharge like pus, from the penis.
• Pain or burning feeling during
urination.
• Pain and swelling of the testicles.
• Abnormal swelling or growth in the
genital area.
SIGNS IN MEN
• A Discharge from the Vagina that is thick,
itchy, or smelly or has an unusual color.
• Pain in the lower abdomen.
• Pain or burning feeling during
urination/sexual intercourse.
• Abnormal or irregular bleeding from the
Vagina.
• Itching.
• Abnormal swelling or growth in the
genitals.
• Sores around the genital area.
Syphilis
Warts
Gonorrhea
Herpes
Relationship between STI and HIV
 HIV is an STI.
 STIs are powerful co-factors for
transmitting or acquiring HIV infection.
 The presence of an STIs increases a
person’s vulnerability to acquiring HIV
(the presence of sores on the genital
organ)
 In people with HIV infection, other STIs
may be more resistant to treatment.
• Emotional problems ( shame and guilt)
• Tubal pregnancy (Fatal to embryo and
causes danger to life of the mother)
• Higher risks of infertility due to damage of
reproductive organs
• Mother –To- Child Transmission (MTCT)
• HIV
STIs signs and appropriate seeking behavior
A – Abstinence is the best protection.
B – Be faithful to one uninfected faithful sexual
partner.
C – Correct and Consistent use of condoms.
D – Do not share sharp instruments.
E – Encourage HTC.
F – Follow up is a must to ensure cure
/treatment.
ABSTINENCE
• Strategies
– Establish your standards and abide by them
(Abstinence till marriage or till you get into a
stable relationship).

– Share your standard with someone who


really cares about you and ask the person to
hold you accountable to your goal.

– Choose friends who share and respect your


views and who will influence you positively.

– Build friendships, NOT sexual partnerships.


How can one abstain?
– Abstain from sexually arousing activities,
hobbies or environments e.g. kissing,
hugging, pornography, drinking alcohol, taking
hard drugs, some types of novels, magazines,
music and films, visiting friends of the
opposite sex alone
– Develop your communication skills – learn to
communicate your decision effectively
– Develop your refusal skills. Say ‘NO’ and
mean it.
Benefits of Sexual Abstinence

• Clear conscience with God


• Peace of mind e.g. no worries about pregnancy
or STIs
• Respect – self-respect & respect by peers
• Longer lasting relationships
• Improved chances of having a stable &
satisfying marriage
– People who have premarital sex are more likely to
have extra-marital affairs
– Pre-marital sex could make one get married to a
person who is not suited to one
Management of STIs
• Counseling to prevent re-infection.
• Contact treatment to break the cycle of
transmission.
• Compliance to the course of drugs.
• Condom use - correct and consistent use of
condom
Complications of STIs
Females
Males
• Pelvic inflammatory
• Urethral stricture disease [PID]
• Sub- fertility and • Blockage of tubes
infertility • Sub-fertility and infertility
• Genital cancers • Ectopic pregnancy
• Death • Spontaneous abortion
• Recurrent stillbirths
• Cervical cancer
• Death
Complications of STIs Common to Both Male and
Female

• Mental retardation from syphilis


• Complications that affect organs
• AIDS
• Others e.g. cancer
Social & Economic effects of STIs
• Stress
• Depression
• Marital disharmony
• Childlessness
• Disruption of marriages
• Multiple marriages
• Stigmatization and shame.
• Job loss
• Decrease in productivity and its consequences on
national economy
• Economic distress
• Huge expenditure on drugs and medicare
Summary

• STIs are common in young people, and can lead


to serious consequences if they are not treated
promptly and adequately. They also facilitate
transmission of HIV.

• Sexual abstinence is a decision and can be


adopted. The immediate and long-term benefits
outweigh the temporary pleasures of sexual
intercourse among young people.
•
Evaluation
Define the term STIs
• Mention 6 common STIs.
• Describe 4 common signs/symptoms of STIs
• Describe 3 ways of preventing STIs
• Define Abstinence and Sexual Abstinence
• List 4 benefits of sexual abstinence.
• List 4 strategies that can be used in the practice of
sexual abstinence.
• Describe complications of STIs
• Describe the social & economic effect of STI on men
&women.
Any
Questions…….????

30
Thank You

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