Health and Safety

Management.

To manage the safety of people, we should:

Create a health and safety policy
Carry out risk assessments and re-assess
Develop a safety plan
Train to ensure competence Audit
Monitor performance(Inspections)
Review
Change policy or the plan as required
 Aims

 An understanding of the proactive and reactive

monitoring systems

 An understanding of the scope and nature of a health and

safety audit
 Objectives

Monitoring
 To
be able to use a variety of proactive and reactive
monitoring procedures
Inspection
 To be able to carry out a workplace inspection – produce
action plan
 Use different types of safety inspection

Audit
 Tobe able to review performance
 Explain meaning and preparations needed for an audit
 Monitoring

 Proactive –
The systematic inspection of plant and premises.
Checking to ensure that your standards are being
maintained.
 Reactive –
Something has gone wrong. Standards have not been
maintained or a control measure has failed.
 Proactive –
Look at what is actually happening compared to what is
written
in plans and standards.
 Reactive –
Events direct us to look again at control measures:
 accidents
 near misses
 dangerous occurrences
 ill-health
 complaints by the workforce
 enforcement action
 Safety Audits –
Thorough, systematic and critical examination of systems and
procedures
 Workplace Inspections –

Physical inspection of the workplace or aspects of the

workplace
 Safety Surveys –

Detailed investigation of one aspect of the workplace

 Safety Tours –

Brief examination of one or more aspect of the workplace

 Safety Sampling –

Inspection limited to a specific area or aspect of the workplace

e.g. fire doors
 Safety
Inspections.

A health and safety inspection is

To go to a workplace, identify the hazards, and
assess whether they are being adequately controlled
Can be, safety adviser, manager, supervisor
safety rep’, or any combination (can be a team)
Should have an inspection sheet, with actions
responsibilities and completion deadlines etc
Should have management involvement, authority
Should have a system for recording, and filing
Must be competent
 Inspections

A physical inspection of premises, plant and

equipment. Undertaken by:
 Directors / Supervisors / Line Managers
 Health & Safety Advisor
 Joint teams of managers and employees
 Safety Representatives
Inspecting either together or working separately and then
comparing notes
 Safety Representatives may conduct inspections in the
following circumstances:
 After substantial changes to plant and equipment
 After substantial changes in processes or methods
 Following notifiable accident or dangerous occurrence
 Following notifiable disease
 Workplace Inspections

What Is It?
A visual inspection of the condition of the facilities, equipment
and tools.

The inspectors are searching for hazards that are inherent to

the workplace, as well as signs of deterioration and defects.
 Workplace Inspections

Requirements:
 Inspectors should be knowledgeable of the hazards inherent to the workplace.
 Inspections should be conducted with an employee familiar with the facilities.
 Inspectors should use site-specific forms that lists the equipment and hazards
that may be present.

Methodology:
 Identify the hazards inherent to the facility and evaluate the effectiveness of
barriers & controls.
 Dynamic environments should be inspected at least quarterly, while static
environments may require only annual inspections.
 Priority should be given to facilities that may expose workers to the greatest
risk.
 Employee Perception Surveys

What Is It?
An evaluation of the workers’ opinions regarding different
aspects of the organization’s safety culture. How do they
feel?

The surveys include questionnaires that are analyzed to

determine the major concerns among the different worker
groups.
 Employee Perception Surveys

Methodology:
 Requires a questionnaire which addresses
various aspects of the organization’s safety
culture.
 The responses are assigned a score (e.g. 1 to 5)
to enable statistical analysis.
 The results are presented in graphs and tables to
highlight significantly low scores or large gaps
in perception of workers versus management.
 Work Observations

What Is It?
An assessment of the workers’ safety performance
while they are doing work.

The observers are searching for hazards that are

created during work activities, as well as adherence
to safe work practices.
 Work Observations

Requirements:
 Observers should be knowledgeable of the work methods being observed.
 This is a line management responsibility: i.e., supervisors and managers.
 Peer group observation programs DON’T WORK since they undermine line
management responsibility.

Methodology:
 The primary focus should be to coach and correct unsafe acts/behaviors.
 Observers should record observations on a form that lists the critical items to
be observed.
 The observation should conclude with an on-site discussion of the findings
with the workers.
Work Observations
 Regulatory Compliance Audits

What Is It?
An assessment of the organization’s compliance with federal,
state/provincial and local safety & health regulations.

The assessment incorporates:

• workplace inspections,
• work observations, and
• includes documentation reviews
(policies, programs, forms, records).
 Regulatory Compliance Audits

Scope
 Identifies all applicable Federal and State safety regulations, as well as
national standards and codes.
 Assesses the organization’s level of compliance with safety regulations,
standards and codes.
 Provides due diligence defense in case of a serious accident.

Information Gathering
 Begin with documentation review of corporate policies and programs.
 Conduct sample field verification for compliance with regulations, policies
and programs. Include:
• workplace inspections,
• work observations, and
• documentation review of completed forms and record keeping.
Regulatory Compliance Audits
 Safety Management Audits

What Is It?
An assessment of the quality and effectiveness of the
organization’s safety & health programs.

The assessment incorporates:

• workplace inspections,
• work observations,
• documentation reviews, and
• includes interviews with managers, supervisors and
workers.
 Safety Management Audits

Scope
 Compare the organization’s safety program activities to a model of
performance excellence.
 The protocol questions should be designed for the Utility Industry: i.e.,
• Apply to construction and maintenance work forces.
• Account for the dynamics of mobile work crews and constantly changing
work locations.

Information Gathering
 Begin with documentation review of corporate policies and programs.
 Conduct sample field verification for effectiveness of safety program
activities:
• workplace inspections,
• work observations,
• documentation reviews, and
• personnel interviews.
 SAFE
SAFE WORK
WORK
Management
Management System
System

Leadership
Leadership Risk
Risk Education
Education&& Control
Control&& Monitoring
Monitoring&&
&&Culture
Culture Management
Management Communication
Communication Protection
Protection Measurement
Measurement

Management
Management Safety
SafetyDesign
Design Management
Management Protective
Protective Safe
SafeWork
Work
Commitment
Commitment Analysis
Analysis Training
Training Equipment
Equipment Observations
Observations

Safety
Safety Rules
Rulesand
and Employee
Employee Inspections
Inspections&& Incident
Incident
Strategies
Strategies Regulations
Regulations Training
Training Maintenance
Maintenance Investigations
Investigations

Joint
JointH&S
H&S Work
Work Safety
Safety Occupational
Occupational Statistical
Statistical
Committees
Committees Procedures
Procedures Meetings
Meetings Health
Health Analysis
Analysis

Hazardous
Hazardous Health
Health&&Safety
Safety Emergency
Emergency Audits
Audits&&
Energy
EnergyControl
Control Promotion
Promotion Preparedness
Preparedness Assessments
Assessments

Job
JobSafety
Safety Public
Public Contractor
Contractor
Planning
Planning Safety
Safety Safety
Safety
 Safety
Survey
 A safety survey is a detailed investigation of one aspect of the
workplace. Could be a survey of:
Noise

Dust

Temperature

Lighting

Fumes and/or Vapours

 Safety Tour

 A safety tour is a brief examination of one or more aspects of

workplace activities: Could be conducted by a small
management team to:

 Display commitment to health and safety

 Gain familiarisation with layout
 Compare theory with reality
 Plan future series of inspections
 Meet the staff
 Safety
Sampling

 Safety sampling is limited to certain areas or aspects of the

workplace. Could be an inspection of all:

 Fire doors
 Prohibition signs (Red & White)
 Mandatory signs (Blue & White)
 Safety signs (Green & White)
 PPE
 Electrical portable appliances
 Washrooms & toilets
 All canteen facilities
 Safety Tours

Short informal Inspections

Need check sheet / recording
Can be used by management and safety advisors as a
monitoring method
Managers and supervisor should implement each day
 Health and Safety Audit

A health and safety audit is a comprehensive analysis of a

companies health and safety systems, they seek to confirm :
Does the company have a health and safety system of
management ?
Is the system adequate for their needs ?
Do they use the systems in place ?
Have the objectives been achieved ?
Justification for a future strategy ?
Carried out by independent person
Considers : policy, plans, procedures
Legislation compliance, SS of W, etc
A health and safety audit is: A thorough, systematic and critical
examination of health and safety management systems and
procedures
 It should:
 Asses the quality & implementation of the health and
safety policy
 Identify potential risks and their associated control
measures
 Analyse workplace activities and assess if they are being
carried out safely
Safety Audit Independent
Expertise
 An independent expert can be:

 Engineering Surveyors
 Insurance Company Staff
 Insurance Brokers
 Claims Investigators
 Consultants
 Health & Safety Inspectors
 Local Authority Inspectors
 Indicators

 Accidents
 Absenteeism
 Sickness Rates
 Staff Turnover
 Legislation Compliance
 Staff Complaints
Audits & Inspections
Frequency
Depends on the workplace environment and the nature of the
associated hazards. Rule of thumb:
 Audit - Annually or every 2 to 3 years
 Inspections - More frequently ( Weekly, monthly or every
few months)
Note: Frequency should be detailed in the company safety
policy
 Report Writing
 Introduction - Your terms of reference.
 Summary - Short outline of important points
 Method - What you did to comply with your terms of
reference.
 Findings - A logical list of what you found.
 Conclusions - Nothing new at this stage.
 Recommendations - Relevant & achievable.
Audit Reports
 Achievements recognize the successes in the safety
management programs.
 Improvement Opportunities identify specific deficiencies
in the managed system.
 Recommendations should be prioritized based on the
beneficial impact on safe work.
 Performance Ratings should be provided for each
element and for the overall system.
 Occupational Safety
Health Design

Focus on
Safe Work Strategic
Planning
Management
Commitment
Joint Safety Publi
Committees c
Rules & Protectiv Safet
Safety Managemen
Regulation e y
Meeting t
s Equipme
s Training
nt
Hazardous Employee
Energy Control Training
Emergency SAFE Contractor
Preparedne Safety
Safe Work WORK Job Safety
Incident ss Safety
Observatio Planning
Investigations ns Promotion
Worker Culture s
Inspection Work
& Procedure
Maintenanc s
e
Management
Statistical Audits &
Analysis
Culture
Assessmen
ts

Expert Culture
 ny t io
A u es
Q
n ase
Pl e