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    Rock Stress: How Rocks Behave Under Different Types of Stress Such As Compression, Pulling Apart and Shearing

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    Rhone Christian Narciso Salcedo
    Rocks can undergo deformation due to three types of tectonic forces: compressional, tensional, and shearing stresses. Compressional stresses cause folding and thrust faulting during mountain building. Tensional stresses lead to stretching and normal faulting at divergent boundaries. Shearing stresses produce strike-slip faulting along transform boundaries. Folds include anticlines and synclines, while faults include normal, reverse, and strike-slip varieties.

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    Rock Stress: How Rocks Behave Under Different Types of Stress Such As Compression, Pulling Apart and Shearing

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    Rhone Christian Narciso Salcedo
    47 views21 pages
    Rocks can undergo deformation due to three types of tectonic forces: compressional, tensional, and shearing stresses. Compressional stresses cause folding and thrust faulting during mountain building. Tensional stresses lead to stretching and normal faulting at divergent boundaries. Shearing stresses produce strike-slip faulting along transform boundaries. Folds include anticlines and synclines, while faults include normal, reverse, and strike-slip varieties.

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    ROCK-STRESS

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    Rocks can undergo deformation due to three types of tectonic forces: compressional, tensional, and shearing stresses. Compressional stresses cause folding and thrust faulting during mountain building. Tensional stresses lead to stretching and normal faulting at divergent boundaries. Shearing stresses produce strike-slip faulting along transform boundaries. Folds include anticlines and synclines, while faults include normal, reverse, and strike-slip varieties.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    47 views21 pages

    Rock Stress: How Rocks Behave Under Different Types of Stress Such As Compression, Pulling Apart and Shearing

    Uploaded by

    Rhone Christian Narciso Salcedo
    Rocks can undergo deformation due to three types of tectonic forces: compressional, tensional, and shearing stresses. Compressional stresses cause folding and thrust faulting during mountain building. Tensional stresses lead to stretching and normal faulting at divergent boundaries. Shearing stresses produce strike-slip faulting along transform boundaries. Folds include anticlines and synclines, while faults include normal, reverse, and strike-slip varieties.

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    ROCK STRESS

    H O W R O C K S B E H AV E U N D E R
    DIFFERENT TYPES OF STRESS SUCH AS
    C O M P R E S S I O N , P U L L I N G A PA R T A N D
    SHEARING.
    ROCK STRESS

    • Rocks may undergo deformation.


    • Deformation- refers to the
    change in the original shape and
    size of a rock.
    • The deformation is caused by
    tectonic forces.
    ROCK STRESS

    • There are three types of tectonic


    forces that can deform rock.
    • The type of deformation (strain)
    experienced by a rock depends
    largely on the type of tectonic
    force (stress) exerted:
    ROCK STRESS

    1. Compressional forces (stress)


    - generate folding and faulting as
    a consequence of shortening.
     These occur along convergent
    plate boundaries resulting in
    mountain ranges.
    ROCK STRESS

    2. Tensional forces (stress) –


    cause stretching and thinning of
    rocks resulting in faulting.
     They are common along
    extensional plate boundaries like
    mid-ocean ridges.
    ROCK STRESS

    3. Shearing forces (stress) –


    cause rocks to slide horizontally
    past one another along transform
    plate boundaries, resulting to
    extensive fault system.
    TECTONIC
    PROCESSES
    F O L D I N G A N D FA U LT I N G
    FOLDING

    FOLDING OR FOLDS- occur when rocks are


    pushed toward each other from opposite sides.
     produced by horizontal compressive stresses
    such as continent-continent collisions or collisions
    at any convergent plate boundary.
     may occur in groups and maybe large scale or
    small scale.
     Types of folds
    a. anticline- the upward arching fold.
    b. syncline- the downward arching fold.
    FOLDING

    LIMBS- the sides of a fold.


    DOME- is a circular or elliptical anticline in which
    the limbs dip away in all directions.
    BASIN- is a circular or elliptical syncline in which
    the limbs dip toward the center.
    FOLDING
    FAULTING

    FAULTING – is the fracturing and displacement of


    brittle rock strata along a fault plane.
    FAULTS – are fractures in the crust along which
    displacement has occurred.
    Types of Faults:
    a. Dip-slip faults- occurs when the movement of
    the two blocks is vertical.
    Examples:
    Normal fault- the hanging wall block moves
    down relative to the floor wall block.
    FAULTING

    Reverse fault- the hanging wall moves up relative


    to the foot wall block.
    FAULTING

    b. Strike-slip fault- occurs when the dominant


    displacement is horizontal and parallel.
    - maybe described based on their direction or
    motion.
    Sinistral fault- a strike-slip fault that moves in a
    left-lateral motion
    Dextral fault- a fault with right- lateral motion.
    Transform fault- a special kind of strike-slip fault

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