Digital Signal Processing: Prepared by S.Anusooya Ap/Ece

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ECC2201

DIGITAL SIGNAL
PROCESSING

Prepared by
S.Anusooya
AP/ECE
MODULE V
MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
 Interpolation and Decimation
 Decimation by an integer factor
 Interpolation by an integer factor
 Sampling rate conversion by a rational
factor
 Time and frequency domain descriptions
 Quadrature Mirror Filter banks
 Sub-band Coding.
INTRODUCTION
In single-rate DSP systems,
 all data is sampled at the same rate
 no change of rate within the system.

In multirate DSP systems,


 sample rates are changed (or are different)
within the system
Multirate can offer several advantages
 reduced computational complexity
 reduced transmission data rate.
MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL
PROCESSING
 A digital signal processing system that uses
signals with different sampling frequencies is
probably performing is called multirate digital
signal processing.
 Multirate digital signal processing often uses
sample rate conversion to convert from one
sampling frequency to another sampling
frequency.
Sample rate conversion uses
 decimation to decrease the sampling rate
 interpolation to increase the sampling
rate.
SAMPLE RATE CONVERSION
Changing the sampling frequency in the analog
domain requires:
 digital to analog conversion then
 analog to digital conversion at a different sampling frequency.

Both
 Digital to analog conversion
 Analog to digital conversion
introduce errors and noise into the signal.

Therefore sample rate conversion is done in digital


domain and uses a combination of
 Decimation
 Interpolation.
DECIMATION (FOR DOWNSAMPLING)
 Decimation removes samples from a signal.
 Downsampling by a factor M. y(n)=x(Mn)
 filter and M-fold decimator

INTERPOLATION (FOR UPSAMPLING)


 Upsampling by a factor L
 L-fold expander and filter. y(n)=x(n/L)
DECIMATION (FOR
DOWNSAMPLING)
 Problems:
For given x(n) ,M=2 .find y(n).

Solution:
Formula: y(n)=x(Mn)
PROBLEMS:
1) If x(n) ={1,-1,2,4,0,3,2,1,5}, then
y(n)=x(nM) for M=2.
2) If x(n)={1,3,2,5,-1,-2,2,3,2,1} then
y(n)=x(nM) for M=3.

Decimation means decreasing


PROBLEMS:

1. Answer:
y(n)={1,2,0,2,5}

2.Answer:
y(n)={1,5,2,1}
INTERPOLATION (FOR UPSAMPLING)

 Problems:
For given x(n) ,L=2 .find y(n).

Solution:
Formula: y(n)=x(n/L)
PROBLEMS:

1.If x(n) ={1,-1,2,4,0,3,2,1,5},find


y(n)=x(n/L) for L=2.

2. If x(n) = {3, 5, 2, 9, 6 } ,find y(n)=x(n/L)


for L=4.

The L-fold up-sampler simply inserts L−1 zeros between


samples.

Interpolation means increasing


PROBLEMS:

1. Answer:
y(n)= ={1,0,-1,0,2,0,4,0,0,0,3,0,2,0,1,0,5}

2.Answer:
y(n)= {3,0,0,0,5,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,9,0,0,0,6 }

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