Abraham Lincoln: - 6b Vlad Andrei Tudorascu

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-6b Vlad Andrei Tudorascu

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Abraham
Lincoln
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Childhood and Early life


Abraham Lincoln was born to a poor family, he was
actually not born in a hospital but in a log cabin
on  Sinking Spring Farm, Kentucky in 1809.

He was the second child of Thomas


Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln.

Lincoln had 3 relatives: Sarah-his older sister and


Thomas-his younger brother who died  in infancy
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 On October 5, 1818, Nancy Lincoln died of milk


sickness, leaving 11-year-old Sarah in charge of a
household that included her father, 9-year-old Abraham,
and Dennis Hanks, Nancy's 19-year-old orphaned
cousin. Lincoln disliked the hard labour associated with
farm life. He was called lazy for all his "reading,
scribbling, writing, ciphering, writing Poetry, etc."
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Lincoln was primarily self-educated, with intermittent formal


schooling from travelling teachers of less than 12 months at a
time. He became an avid reader and developed a lifelong interest
in learning.

After his family moved to Illinois, Macon County Lincoln


became distant from his father and when his family prepared
to move again he went his own way and moved to New
Salem, Illinois.
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In 1832, Lincoln joined with a partner, Denton Offutt, in the


purchase of a general store on credit in New Salem.  Although
the economy was booming, the business struggled and
Lincoln eventually sold his share.

In the March of 1832 he entered politics by running for the


Illinois General Assembly. He lost the election even though
he could draw entire crowds of listeners at his speeches, but
sadly he did not have enough powerful friends or money.
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Lincoln briefly interrupted his


campaign to serve as a captain
in the Illinois Militia during
the Black Hawk
War. Lincoln's second state
house campaign in 1834, this
time as a Whig, was a success
over a powerful Whig
opponent. Then followed his
four terms in the Illinois
House of Representatives for
his specific County.
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In 1843 Lincoln sought the Whig


nomination for Illinois's 7th
district seat in the U.S. House of
Representatives; he was defeated
by John Jay Hardin though he
prevailed with the party in
limiting Hardin to one term.
Lincoln not only pulled off his
strategy of gaining the
nomination in 1846, but also won John Jay Hardin
election.
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Lincoln served as New Salem's postmaster and later as county


surveyor, but continued his voracious reading, he taught
himself the law and he decided to become a lawyer.

He championed construction of the Illinois and Michigan


Canal, and later was a Canal Commissioner. He voted to
expand suffrage beyond white landowners to all white males,
but adopted a "free soil" stance opposing both slavery
and abolition.
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Lincoln's political
views 
On foreign and military policy,
Lincoln spoke against
the Mexican–American War,
which he imputed to
President James K. Polk's desire
for "military glory''

He supported and voted for


Wilmot Proviso- a failed
proposal to ban slavery in any
U.S. territory won from Mexico.
Lincoln
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appeared before
the Illinois Supreme
Court in 175 cases; he
was sole counsel in 51
cases, of which 31 were
decided in his
favour. From 1853 to
1860, one of his largest
clients was the Illinois
Central Railroad. His
legal reputation gave rise
to the nickname "Honest
Abe".
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Lincoln argued in an 1858 criminal trial, defending William


Duff Armstrong, who was on trial for the murder of James
Preston Metzker. The case is famous for Lincoln's use of a
fact established by judicial notice to challenge the credibility
of an eyewitness. After an opposing witness testified to
seeing the crime in the moonlight, Lincoln produced
a Farmers' Almanac showing the moon was at a low angle,
drastically reducing visibility. Armstrong was acquitted.
z Leading up to his presidential campaign, Lincoln elevated his
.

profile in an 1859 murder case, with his defence of Simeon


Quinn Harrison who was a third cousin, Harrison was also the
grandson of Lincoln's political opponent, Rev. Peter
Cartwright. Harrison was charged with the murder of Greek
Crafton who, as he lay dying of his wounds, confessed to
Cartwright that he had provoked Harrison. Lincoln protested
the judge's initial decision to exclude Cartwright's testimony
about the confession as inadmissible hearsay. Lincoln argued
that the testimony involved a dying declaration and was not
subject to the hearsay rule. Instead of holding Lincoln in
contempt of court as expected, the judge, a Democrat,
reversed his ruling and admitted the testimony into evidence,
resulting in Harrison's acquittal.
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Illinois Senator Stephen A.


Douglas proposed popular
sovereignty as a compromise. The
measure would allow the
electorate of each territory to
decide the status of slavery. The
legislation alarmed many
Northerners, who sought to
prevent the resulting spread of
slavery, but Douglas's Kansas–
Nebraska Act narrowly passed
Congress in May 1854.
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On November 6, 1860, Lincoln was elected the 16th president.


He was the first Republican president and his victory was
entirely due to his support in the North and West, no ballots
were cast for him in 10 of the 15 Southern slave states, and he
won only two of 996 counties in all the Southern
states. Lincoln received 1,866,452 votes, or 39.8% of the total
in a four-way race, carrying the free Northern states, as well as
California and Oregon. His victory in the electoral college was
decisive: Lincoln had 180 votes to 123 for his opponents.
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In the civil war Lincoln took executive control of the war and
shaped the Union military strategy. He responded to the
unprecedented political and military crisis as commander-in-
chief by exercising unprecedented authority. He expanded his
war powers, imposed a blockade on Confederate ports,
arrested and imprisoned thousands of suspected Confederate
sympathizers. Lincoln gained the support of the Congress and
the northern public for these actions.
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Abraham Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth in


April 14,1865 in Ford's Theatre, Washington D.C.

John Wilkes Booth was a Confederate Sympathizer and


actually planned to assassinate 4 key figures of the Union
Government . These figures where: Abraham Lincoln, The
Union Vice President, The Union Secretary of State and The
Union General.

Abraham died in April 15.

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