NOTATION of ALGORITHM
and C++ PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
Algorithm and Programming
Mangaras Yanu Florestiyanto
Algorithm consist of 3 parts as
follows:
1. Header
2. Dictionary/Declaration
3. Algorithm/Description
Format Syntax Algoritma
HEADER Name/Tittile of Algorithm
DECLARATION/ Type type_name: type [subrange]
DICTIONARY Type type_name : array [min..maks] of type
{Local / Global} Var_name : type
Var_name : array [ min..maks] of type
Const name = value
Procedure Proc_name
(Input/Output[list_of_parameters : type])
BODY of The Assigment notation
ALGORITHM/ Selection/Branching notation
DESCRIPTION Looping/Iteration notation
Call notation
DESCRIPTION A collection of algorithms for each
of The Procedure or Function that is called from
ALGORITMA the Algorithm Body
Wilis-K
“Hello world” Algorithm (in Bahasa):
Algoritma Hello_world
{ program untuk mencetak “Hello world”}
DEKLARASI
{tidak ada}
DESKRIPSI
Write(“Hello world”)
Algoritma dan Pemrograman I
Algorithm to count square
area:
PROGRAM LuasSegi4
CountSquareArea
Algoritma LuasSegi4
{program untuk
{program
{algorithmuntuk menghitung
to count area of aluas
menghitung luas segiempat
square
segiempat dengan
using its
dengan
length
diketahui
dan width} panjang
diketahui panjang dan
dan lebarnya}
lebarnya}
DEKLARASI
DEKLARASI
DICTIONARY
Luas,panjang,lebar
Luas,panjang,lebar
Area, Length, Width :integer
:integer
: integer
ALGORITMA
DESKRIPSI
ALGORITHM
panjang
panjang
Lenght 10
10
10
lebar
lebar
Width 555
Luas
Luas
Area panjang
Length *** lebar
panjang Width
lebar
write(Luas)
write(Luas)
write(Area)
Pseudo code vs C++
Pseudo code C++
1 #include <unit_name>
2 CONST const_name = value #define const_name value
3 TYPE type_name : data_type typedef data_type type_name;
4 var_name : data_type data_type var_name;
var_name : type_name type_name var_name;
Ex. 1 #include <iostream.h>
2 CONST phi = 3.14 #define phi 3.14
3 TYPE jumlah : integer typedef int jumlah;
4 n : integer int n;
n : jumlah jumlah n;
Statements in Body of Algorithm
Pseudo code C++
1 namavaribel harga namavar = harga;
2 INPUT(list_of_variables) cin >> var; scanf();
cin.get(); gets();
or cin.getline();
read (list_of_variables)
3 OUTPUT(list_of_variables) cout << var; printf();
or cout << konstanta; puts();
write(list_of_variables)
4 IF <terms> THEN if (terms) action;
action or
ENDIF if (terms)
{ action;
Selection Notation
Pseudo code C++
5 IF <terms> THEN If (terms)
action1 action1;
ELSE else
action2 action2;
ENDIF
or
If (terms)
{ action1;
}
else
{ action2;
}
Selection Notation Cont.
Pseudo code C++
6 DEPEND ON <expression> Switch (expression)
<expression 1> : action_1 {
<expression 2> : action_2 case val_1:
………….. : …………… action_1;
<expression n> : action_n break;
or case val_2:
CASE var_name OF action_2;
expconstan 1 : action_1 break;
expconstan 2 : action_2 ……….. : ……….
………………. : …………… case val_n:
expconstan n : action_n action_n;
ELSE other_action break;
ENDCASE default: other_action;
}
Looping Notation
Pseudo code C++
7 [initialisation] [initialisation]
WHILE <terms> DO while (terms)
list_of_action {
{there is an action so that list_of_action;
meet with stop_terms} /*there is an action so that
ENDWHILE meet with stop_terms*/
}
8 [initialisation] [initialisation]
REPEAT do
list_of_action {
{there is an action so that list_of_action;
meet with stop_terms } /*there is an action so that
UNTIL <stop_terms> meet with stop_terms*/
}
while (loop_terms);
Looping Notation Cont.
Pseudo code
9 Var_name TRAVERSAL [start..end]
list_of_action
or
FOR var start TO/DOWNTO end STEP counter DO
list_of_action
ENDFOR
C++
for(start; terms; step)
{
list_of_action;
}
Ex. of Pseudo code
Circle_Area
{calculate the circle area by known radius}
DECLARATION
CONST phi = 3.14
r : integer
Area : real
DESCRIPTION
r5
Area phi * r * r
output(”Radius = ”,r);
output(”Circle area = ”, Area);
Ex. of C++
#include <iostream.h>
#define phi 3.14
main ()
{
int r;
float Area;
r = 5;
Area = phi * r * r;
cout << ”Radius : ” << r;
cout << ”\nCircle Area : ” << Area;
}
Ex. of C++
#include <stdio.h>
#define phi 3.14
main ()
{
int r;
float Area;
r = 5;
Area = phi * r * r;
printf(”Radius : %d”,r);
printf(”\nCircle Area : %f”, Area);
}
QUIZ 1
• Create a Pseudo code and a flowchart to swap 3 values from
variables below:
at first : A = 10, B = 5 dan C = 2
swap to : A = 5, B = 2 dan C = 10
QUIZ 2
• Create a Pseudo code and a flowchart to find the greatest value from
2 variables. Term : the value of each variable must be typed or manual
input and not initialised in program code.
