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    Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction: Reported By: Maryross M. Espuerta

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    joyrena ochondra
    Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. It is caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries. Symptoms can include chest pain or discomfort that may spread to the arm, neck or back. Diagnosis involves ECG, blood tests, and imaging tests like angiography. Treatment may include procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery to restore blood flow. While death can occur shortly after a heart attack, recent advances have lowered in-hospital mortality rates. Nursing focuses on monitoring for complications, providing emotional support, educating on prevention and lifestyle changes.

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    Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction: Reported By: Maryross M. Espuerta

    Uploaded by

    joyrena ochondra
    162 views10 pages
    Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. It is caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries. Symptoms can include chest pain or discomfort that may spread to the arm, neck or back. Diagnosis involves ECG, blood tests, and imaging tests like angiography. Treatment may include procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery to restore blood flow. While death can occur shortly after a heart attack, recent advances have lowered in-hospital mortality rates. Nursing focuses on monitoring for complications, providing emotional support, educating on prevention and lifestyle changes.

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    PPP-MI

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    Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. It is caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries. Symptoms can include chest pain or discomfort that may spread to the arm, neck or back. Diagnosis involves ECG, blood tests, and imaging tests like angiography. Treatment may include procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery to restore blood flow. While death can occur shortly after a heart attack, recent advances have lowered in-hospital mortality rates. Nursing focuses on monitoring for complications, providing emotional support, educating on prevention and lifestyle changes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    162 views10 pages

    Pathophysiology of Myocardial Infarction: Reported By: Maryross M. Espuerta

    Uploaded by

    joyrena ochondra
    Myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or stopped, damaging the heart muscle. It is caused by a blockage in one of the coronary arteries. Symptoms can include chest pain or discomfort that may spread to the arm, neck or back. Diagnosis involves ECG, blood tests, and imaging tests like angiography. Treatment may include procedures like angioplasty, stenting, or bypass surgery to restore blood flow. While death can occur shortly after a heart attack, recent advances have lowered in-hospital mortality rates. Nursing focuses on monitoring for complications, providing emotional support, educating on prevention and lifestyle changes.

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    Pathophysiology

    of
    Myocardial Infarction

    Reported By:
    MARYROSS M. ESPUERTA
    Myocardial Infarction (MI)
    o refers to tissue death (infarction) of the heart muscle (myocardium). It is
    a type of acute coronary syndrome, which describes a sudden or short-
    term change in symptoms related to blood flow to the heart.

    o commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or


    stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle. The
    most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into
    the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.
    Anatomy of Myocardial Infarction
    Signs & Symptoms
    o Sensations that may feel in Chest or Arms that may spread to
    the neck, jaw or back: pressure, tightness, pain or squeezing
    or aching
    o Nausea ingestion, heartburn or abdominal pain
    o Dyspnea
    o Cold sweat
    o Fatigue
    o Light headedness or sudden dizziness
    o Asymptomatic
    o typically seen in patients with diabetic neuropathy
    o nerve fibers are damaged and impair their ability to sense pain
    Tests and Diagnosis
    o ECG
    o Blood Tests
    o Chest X-ray
    o Coronary Catheterization
    (Angiogram)
    o Exercise Stress Test
    o CT Scan or MRI
    Medical Interventions:
    o Angioplasty
    o Atherectomy (Catheter)
    o Bypass surgery
    o Cardiomyoplasty
    o Heart Transplant
    o Radiofrequency Ablation
    o Stent Procedure
    o Trans Myocardial Revascularization
    PROGNOSIS
    During the first 30 days after a myocardial
    infarction, death can occur due to cardiogenic
    shock, sudden cardiac death, heart failure,
    mechanical cardiac complications, or another MI
    event. However, due to recent developments in
    reperfusion techniques, in-hospital death rates
    have decreased from 5.3% to 3.8%.
    NURSING DIAGNOSIS
    o Decreased cardiac output r/t changes in the frequency
    ō heart rhythm
    o Impaired tissue perfusion r/t decrease in cardiac output
    o Ineffective airway clearance r/t accumulation of
    secretions
    o Impaired gas exchange r/t pulmonary edema
    o Activity intolerance r/t physical weakness
    o Self-care deficit r/t lack of information
    NURSING INTERVENTIONS
    o Fluid status
    Monitor for any symptoms of fluid overload, I&O

    o Emotional support to patient and S.O


    Explain procedures/technology, relieve anxiety

    o Document based on unit guidelines

    o Patient education/prevention
    Assess needs early, referrals (SS, Cardiac rehab), others
    (risk factor management, psychological adjustment

    o Complimentary/Alternative therapy

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