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    Saúde Pública No Século XX

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    Osla Litsure
    The document discusses the history and development of public health in the 20th century. It notes that public health interventions must be understood in the context of the corresponding political, social, and economic movements of the time. While the advances in public health over the past 100 years are too numerous to fully cover, technological developments particularly contributed to solving problems in public health.

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    Saúde Pública No Século XX

    Uploaded by

    Osla Litsure
    17 views16 pages
    The document discusses the history and development of public health in the 20th century. It notes that public health interventions must be understood in the context of the corresponding political, social, and economic movements of the time. While the advances in public health over the past 100 years are too numerous to fully cover, technological developments particularly contributed to solving problems in public health.

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    The document discusses the history and development of public health in the 20th century. It notes that public health interventions must be understood in the context of the corresponding political, social, and economic movements of the time. While the advances in public health over the past 100 years are too numerous to fully cover, technological developments particularly contributed to solving problems in public health.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views16 pages

    Saúde Pública No Século XX

    Uploaded by

    Osla Litsure
    The document discusses the history and development of public health in the 20th century. It notes that public health interventions must be understood in the context of the corresponding political, social, and economic movements of the time. While the advances in public health over the past 100 years are too numerous to fully cover, technological developments particularly contributed to solving problems in public health.

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    Saúde pública no século XX

    Epidiomologia, estado de bem estar e crise da saúde pública


    introdução
    Saúde pública no século XX

    O funcionamento da saúde pública e suas intervenções a cada época


    histórica estabelecem estreitas ligações com os movimentos políticos,
    sociais e económicos correspondentes. Ao apagar as luzes do século
    XX, será de todo oportuno passar em revista as conquistas da saúde
    pública nesses passados cem anos. No entanto, a multiplicidade delas
    impede que possam ser reunidas no âmbito de simples editorial.
    Claro está que foram também múltiplos os campos do conhecimento
    que revelam desenvolvimento notável. Princilpalmente os
    tecnológicos. E a tal ponto, que passaram a ser aplicados
    proveitosamente na solução de problemas de saúde publica.
    HIV transmission
    Anyone can contract HIV. The virus is transmitted in bodily fluids that
    include:
     Blood
     Semen
     Vaginal and rectal fluids
     Breast milk
    Causes of AIDS
     AIDS is caused by HIV. A person can’t get AIDS if they haven’t contracted
    HIV.
     Healthy individuals have a CD4 count of 500 to 1,500 per cubic millimeter.

    Without treatment, HIV continues to multiply and destroy CD4 cells. If a


    person’s CD4 count falls below 200, they have AIDS.
     Also, if someone with HIV develops an opportunistic infection associated

    with HIV, they can still be diagnosed with AIDS, even if their CD4 count is
    above 200.
    Tests to diagnose HIV
     Several different tests can be used to diagnose HIV. Healthcare providers
    determine which test is best for each person.
     Antibody/antigen tests
     Antibody/antigen tests are the most commonly used tests. They can show

    positive results typically within 18-45days Trusted Source after someone


    initially contracts HIV.
     Antibody tests
     These tests check the blood solely for antibodies. Between 23and 90 days

    trusted Source after transmission, most people will develop detectable HIV


    antibodies, which can be found in the blood or saliva.
    Early symptoms of HIV
    The first few weeks after someone
    contracts HIV is called the acute Early symptoms of HIV can
    infection stage. During this time, the include:
     Fever, Chills
    virus reproduces rapidly. The
     Swollen lymph nodes
    person’s immune system responds
     General aches and pains
    by producing HIV antibodies.
     Skin rash
    These are proteins that fight
     Sore throat
    infection.
     Headache
     Nausea
     Upset stomach
    Symptoms of AIDS

     AIDS refers to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. With this condition,


    the immune system is weakened due to HIV that’s typically gone untreated
    for many years. If HIV is found and treated early with antiretroviral
    therapy, a person will usually not develop AIDS
    Symptoms of AIDS
     Recurrent fever
     Chronic swollen lymph glands, especially of the armpits, neck, and
    groin
     Chronic fatigue
     Night sweats
     Dark splotches under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids
     Sores, spots, or lesions of the mouth and tongue, genitals, or anus
     Bumps, lesions, or rashes of the skin
     Recurrent or chronic diarrhea
    Treatment options for HIV

     Treatment should begin as soon as possible after a diagnosis


    of HIV, regardless of viral load. The main treatment for HIV is
    antiretroviral therapy, a combination of daily medications that
    stop the virus from reproducing. This helps protect CD4 cells,
    keeping the immune system strong enough to fight off
    disease.
    HIV prevention

     Although many researchers are working to develop one, there’s currently


    no vaccine available to prevent the transmission of HIV. However, taking
    certain steps can help prevent the spread o hhSafer sex
     Get tested for HIV. It’s important they learn their status and that of their
    partner.
     Get tested for other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). If they test
    positive for one, they should get it treated, because having an STI
    increases the risk of contracting HIV.
     Use condoms. They should learn the correct way to use condoms and
    use them every time they have sex, whether it’s through vaginal or anal
    intercourse. It’s important to keep in mind that pre-seminal fluids
    (which come out before male ejaculation) can contain HIV.
     Use condoms. 
     Limit their sexual partners
     Take their medications as directed if they have HIV
     Other prevention methods
     Avoid sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia
    Other prevention methods

     Avoid sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia. HIV is


    transmitted through blood and can be contracted by using
    contaminated materials.
     Consider PEP. 
     Consider PrEP. 
    HIV stigma
    HIV stigma is negative attitudes and beliefs about people living
    with HIV. It is the prejudice that comes with labeling an
    individual as part of a group that is believed to be socially
    unacceptable.
     Believing that only certain group of people can get HIV;
     Making moral judgments about people who takes steps to

    prevent HIV transmission;


     Feeling that people deserve to get HIV because of their

    choices.
    the effects of HIV Stigma and Discrimination
     HIV stigma and discrimination affect the emotional well-being
    and mental health of people living with HIV. People living with
    HIV often internalize the stigma they experience and begin to
    develop a negative self-image. They may fear they will be
    discriminated against or judged negatively if their HIV status
    revealed.
    What causes HIV stigma
     HIV stigma is rooted in a fear of HIV. Many of our ideas about
    HIV come from the images that first appeared in the early
    1980s. There are still misconceptions about how HIV is
    transmitted and what it means to live with HIV today.

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