02 - 03 Database - Vs - File System

Session 03
Database Management
Systems
FRI - 19th Nov 2010
This lesson includes the following sections:
• Review of Last Session
• File System Vs Database Concepts
Databases and Database Management
Systems
• The Difference between Databases and DBMSes
• Database Basics
• DBMSes Basics
Review :
Databases and Database Management Systems
The Difference between Databases and DBMSes
• A database is a repository for collections of related

data or facts.
• A database management system (DBMS) is a

software tool that lets users add, view, and work
with the data in a database.
• Large databases and DBMS’ are commonly used by

companies, but many productivity applications are
built around database concepts.
Database Basics
The two primary types of databases are
1. Flat-file Databases (with only one table)
AND
2. Relational Databases (with multiple, related tables).

Flat File Basics
Flat file manages / organizes data in following way :
• Columns, which store various pieces of data related to

a single attribute of object / person.
• Name or address or age
• Rows, or collections of all attributes relating to to a single

attribute of object / person.
• Person’s all Attributes like name, address, age
• Tables / Spreadsheets, which are collections of

related records.
• Collection of all person’s records
Database Basics
Databases use three main structures for organizing

data:
• Fields, which store various pieces of data
related to a single entity.
• Name or address or age
• Records, or collections of fields relating to an

entity.
• Person’s all Attributes like name, address, age
• Tables, which are collections of related records.

• Collection of all person’s records
Field
Record
PROFESSIONAL ADDRESS BOOK
Table – Which contains number of such records

DBMS Basics
A DBMS allows users to access and manage the data
collected in a database.
Data management tasks (all done through the DBMS)

can be divided into three categories:
• Entering data into the database.
• re-arranging / updating the data in the database.
• Obtaining subsets of the data ( reports) for use.

Working With a Database – Tasks in detail
• Creating Database Tables
• Viewing Records
• Sorting Records
• Querying a Database
• Generating Reports
Working With a Database –
Creating Database Tables
• Identify Tables - The first step in building a database
is to create its tables.
• Identify Fields - This means identifying, naming, and

organizing its fields to receive data.
• Identify Data types in Fields - Databases can store

the following general types of fields:
• Text
• Numeric
• Logical
• Date/Time
• Memo
Working With a Database –
Creating Database Tables
• You can create forms that let you view and enter data
for one record at a time.
• Why to enter one record at a time ?
• Database tools such as masks can validate data as it is

entered and thus ensure the data is in the correct
format / size.
Working With a Database - Viewing Records
• A filter is a tool that lets you view records that match a

given criterion.
• Filters are helpful when searching for certain types of

information in a large database with many records.
• A form can work with a filter, but enables you to view

information about a single record.
Working With a Database - Sorting Records
• Sorting means re-arranging the records in a database

as per your criteria / need.
• A DBMS enables you to sort records alphabetically,

numerically, and multi-level .
• You can sort records in ascending (A-Z) order or

descending (Z-A) order.
Working With a Database -
Querying a Database
A query is a statement you define, which tells the DBMS

to find records that match criteria you specify.
Modern DMBS software provides built-in querying tools,

based on one or more of the languages like:
• SQL (Structured Query Language)
• Query by Example (QBE)
• Xbase
Working With a Database -
Generating Reports
• A report is a subset of information from a database,

produced in printed form.
• You can generate the data for a report by using a

query, filter, sort or other tools.
• Reports can be formatted in a wide variety of ways as

per your requirement.
Enterprise Software
• Enterprise software is a large-scale application based on

a DBMS, used by a large organization.
• Enterprise software can meet the needs of many different

users in different locations.
• In an enterprise, different users have different interfaces

to the database, so they can work only with the data they
need.
Sesson 2 – Class Quiz
• Define the terms database and database management

system (DBMS).
• List 5 tasks that a DBMS enables users to do.
• Differentiate between flat-file databases and relational

databases ( 5 Points )
• List 3 steps needed to create a database.
• What is filters and forms ? Explain the purpose of filters

and forms.
• List 3 examples of query languages.

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Session 03

Databases and Database Management Systems

The Difference between Databases and DBMSes

• A database is a repository for collections of related

• A database management system (DBMS) is a

• Large databases and DBMS’ are commonly used by

The two primary types of databases are

1. Flat-file Databases (with only one table)

2. Relational Databases (with multiple, related tables).

Flat file manages / organizes data in following way :

• Columns, which store various pieces of data related to

• Rows, or collections of all attributes relating to to a single

• Tables / Spreadsheets, which are collections of

Databases use three main structures for organizing

• Records, or collections of fields relating to an

• Tables, which are collections of related records.

Table – Which contains number of such records

Data management tasks (all done through the DBMS)

• Entering data into the database.

• re-arranging / updating the data in the database.

• Obtaining subsets of the data ( reports) for use.

• Creating Database Tables

• Identify Fields - This means identifying, naming, and

• Identify Data types in Fields - Databases can store

Creating Database Tables

• Why to enter one record at a time ?

• Database tools such as masks can validate data as it is

• A filter is a tool that lets you view records that match a

• Filters are helpful when searching for certain types of

• A form can work with a filter, but enables you to view

• Sorting means re-arranging the records in a database

• A DBMS enables you to sort records alphabetically,

• You can sort records in ascending (A-Z) order or

A query is a statement you define, which tells the DBMS

Modern DMBS software provides built-in querying tools,

• SQL (Structured Query Language)

• Query by Example (QBE)

• A report is a subset of information from a database,

• You can generate the data for a report by using a

• Reports can be formatted in a wide variety of ways as

• Enterprise software is a large-scale application based on

• Enterprise software can meet the needs of many different

• In an enterprise, different users have different interfaces

• Define the terms database and database management

• List 5 tasks that a DBMS enables users to do.

• Differentiate between flat-file databases and relational

• List 3 steps needed to create a database.

• What is filters and forms ? Explain the purpose of filters

• List 3 examples of query languages.

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