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    L-3 Chapter-13 Physics-10 Mushtaq Ahmed M.Sc. Physics.

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    Mushtaq Ahmed
    1) An electroscope can be used to detect the type of charge on a body by observing whether the gold leaves come closer together or move further apart when the charged body is brought near the electroscope. 2) An electroscope can also be used to identify conductors and insulators by touching the charged electroscope with the test body - a conductor will discharge the electroscope while an insulator will not. 3) According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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    L-3 Chapter-13 Physics-10 Mushtaq Ahmed M.Sc. Physics.

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    Mushtaq Ahmed
    137 views13 pages
    1) An electroscope can be used to detect the type of charge on a body by observing whether the gold leaves come closer together or move further apart when the charged body is brought near the electroscope. 2) An electroscope can also be used to identify conductors and insulators by touching the charged electroscope with the test body - a conductor will discharge the electroscope while an insulator will not. 3) According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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    L-3 chapter-13 Physics-10 Mushtaq Ahmed M.Sc. physics.

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    1) An electroscope can be used to detect the type of charge on a body by observing whether the gold leaves come closer together or move further apart when the charged body is brought near the electroscope. 2) An electroscope can also be used to identify conductors and insulators by touching the charged electroscope with the test body - a conductor will discharge the electroscope while an insulator will not. 3) According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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    137 views13 pages

    L-3 Chapter-13 Physics-10 Mushtaq Ahmed M.Sc. Physics.

    Uploaded by

    Mushtaq Ahmed
    1) An electroscope can be used to detect the type of charge on a body by observing whether the gold leaves come closer together or move further apart when the charged body is brought near the electroscope. 2) An electroscope can also be used to identify conductors and insulators by touching the charged electroscope with the test body - a conductor will discharge the electroscope while an insulator will not. 3) According to Coulomb's law, the electric force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

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    CLASS-10 CHAPTER-13

    L-3
    MUSHTAQ AHMED M.SC PHYSICS
    • Detecting the type of charge
    • To detect the type of charge on a body. First electroscope charged positively
    or negatively consider the electroscope is charged by conduction method.
    • Now bring the charged body near to disk of positive charged electroscope. If
    the body having negative charge on it. Then it will attract the positive charge
    from the gold leaves, in this way distance between the leaves decreases.
    • On the other hand, if the body contains positive charge on it then it will repel
    the positive charge from disk to leaves, in this way the distance between
    leaves increases.
    • In this way we can detect the type of charge on anybody with the help of
    charged electroscope.
    Identification of conductors and insulators

    • Electroscope can also be used to identify the conductor and


    insulator. Touch the disk of charged electroscope with body which is
    under test. If a body is good conductor it will attract the charges of
    electroscope and distance between gold leaves decrease.
    • If the body is an insulator then it will not attract the charge of
    electroscope and distance between leaves don’t change.
    COULOMB’S LAW :-
    • Statement :- The forces of attraction or repulsion between
    the two charges is directly proportional to product of the
    charges and inversely proportional to the square of the
    distance between them.
    MATHEMATICAL FORM :

    ••  Consider two point charges q1 and q2 are placed at distance r from each other ,

    • According to the statement of the coulomb’s law ,


    •
    •
    • q1 and q2 is the amount of charge on the two point charges. Where r is the
    distance of the two charges .

    q 1q 2
    F ∝ r2
    𝐪 𝟏 𝐪𝟐
    𝐅 = ሺ𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭ሻ 𝟐
    𝐫
    q1q2
    F=K 2
    r
    Where K is the constant of proportionality and its value
    depends upon the nature of the medium.
    1
    K= = 9 × 109 N. m2 c −2
    4π εo
     0 =permittivity of free space
    when the medium between the two charges is free space or air

    𝐪𝟏 𝐪 𝟐
    𝟏
    𝐅=
    𝟒𝛑 𝛆𝐨 𝐫 𝟐

    This is the equation of the coulomb’s law


    •Limitation of coulomb’s law
    1.Coulomb’s law is valid for the point charges whose size is very
    small as compared to the distance between them.
    2.Like other forces, electric forces also obey newton’s third law.
     
    Unit Positive Charge Or Test Charge :-
    The charge which is used to detect the electric field is
    called test charge . It has one coulomb positive charge.
    Electric field :_ The space or region around the charge
    where its effect can be felt is called electric field .
    Electric field Intensity:- The force experienced by the test
    charge when placed in the electric field of other charge
    is called is called electric field intensity. OR
    Force per unit charge experience by the test charge is
    called electric field intensity. It is denoted by .
    Mathematically
    Unit:- Newton per coulomb
     
    Q .Find electric intensity due to the charge Q.
    Consider a test charge q is placed in the electric
    field of charge Q at distance r. then by electric
    intensity at the charge q is given by
    …….(1)
    By coulomb’s law
    Putting value of F in above eq(1)
     

    Which is the electric field intensity due to a point


    charge Q
     
    POINT CHARGES: -
    The size of charged bodies is very small as compared
    with distance between them, then the charged bodies are
    considered as “point charges”.
    Point of interest :- A metal iron chain can be seen
    hanging from the behind side of a petrol supply tanker
    This chain rolls on the road as the tanker moves. Due to
    the friction with air the body of tanker gets charged and
    tiny spark can form a disaster.
    So charge continuously being transferred to ground

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