Indian Literature: 21st Century Literature From The Philippines and The Wor LD

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the Wor
ld
Indian
Literature
An Introduction to Hinduism
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of the different sides of Indian
culture.
Characteristics of their Way of
Living 1. Balance
2. Connectivity
3. Weight
Characteristics of their Literature

(duality)
-the difference between joy (innate) & happiness (gained)
-it is not logical
-you can’t compare something you haven’t experienced
yet
Characteristics of their Way of
Living
1. Balance girl
structured
accepted boy
India Caste
n dualit socia syste
2. y l m
Connectivity philosophica
heavy l
3. Hinduis
Weight light Buddhism m
Indus
River
They believed that being
a Hindu is a sign of
being glorious.
Indus
River
The Indus River, also called the
Sindhū River or Abāsīn, is a major
south-flowing river in South Asia.
The total length of the river is
3,180 km which makes it one of
longest rivers in Asia.
3 Ways to Achieve
God: 1. Jnana (knowledge) - what you
know
2. Bakhti (devotion) - how you act
3. Karma (direct action)
Salvation is not achieved by action but by knowledge

or realization.
Knowing and believing are different from each other.

There’s no devil in Indian
Literature.
God makes something bad to you to
teach you a lesson.
Lif > impermanent Anybody who
e
(world > illusory does not agree
is in the state
) Social of
Maya/Illusion.
Stratification
4 Caste
System
1. Brahmins (priest, scholars, rulers…) Purusha - “man”
2. Kshatriyas (businessmen)
3. Vaisya (soldiers) 300 identities
of the god
4. Sudra (slaves)
Atman
(soul)
Moksha -
Nirvana - highest
cessation of
state of Reincarnation reincarnatio
goodness
n
karma
goo ba
d d
Faster in reaching longer in reaching
Nirvana
Moksha
4 Goals of Hindu
Life: 1. Dharma - righteousness
2. Artha - materialistic pleasure/wealth
3. Kama - physical pleasure
4. Moksha - liberation
4
Vedas: 1. Rig Veda - hymns and prayers
2. Sama Veda - songs and praise
3. Atharva Veda - book of spells
4. Yajur Veda - rituals of sacrifice
Rakshas
a being from Hindu
is a demonic
mythology. As mythology made its
way into other religions, the rakshasa
was later incorporated into Buddhism.
Rakshasas are also called maneaters
(Nri-chakshas, Kravyads). A female
rakshasa is known as a Rakshasi. A
female Rakshasa in human form is a
Manushya-Rakshasi. The terms
Asura and Rakshasa are sometimes
used interchangeably.
Ramayana and Mahabarata: Epic of a Long
Discovery
Ramayana by Maharishi Valmiki (The first Indian Poet)
● Original Version: 5th to 4th century BCE

● Genre: Itihaasa (Epic)
● 50,000 lines in seven books
● tells the story of Rama (an incarnation or avatar of the Hindu
preserver-god Vishnu), whose wife Sita is abducted by the
demonking of Lanka, Ravana.
● Dharma (righteousness) - means duties and obligations in each
caste
Ramayana and Mahabarata: Identity of Indian
Culture
● Relationship between Dharma, Artha, Kama, and
Moksha
● The importance of one being wed to only one wife
● Adherance to Truth and the need to honor one’s word
● Respecting father’s word of honor
● The futility of listening to viscious counseling
● Not accepting anybody coming in unjust way
● The futility of getting swayed by dubious distractions
Ramayana: Indian vs Filipino
Psych●e
Filipino - love and
family first
● Rama - being
king comes first
before being a
husband.
This is his dharma.

Rasa:
Emotions
● It makes you do something,
because you felt something.
Kisa
Gotami
● Life is something you accept. It is something you
should know.
Kisa
Gotami
Virtue is in the form of pain. People see you incompassive
person because of struggling, but you are struggling because
you need to learn.
● Death - is universal; if you’re experiencing pain,

everybody does.
Panchatantr
a● This is a collection of fables given to kings or princes.
● The purpose is to teach them values, leadership and governance.
kunkun
i on the
Red mark
forehead; Sign of
god
Shivas
Anothert
name for Shiva, who
is also the goddess of Indian
dance
Activity:
Get a 1/4 crosswise paper
Students: One Port Ser?
YES 1/4 crosswise paper GIGIL AKO!
Research/ look a Novel Book

Write it on your paper
Title of the Book:

Type of Novel:
Author’s Name:
Fi
n

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21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the Wor

Characteristics of their Literature

Salvation is not achieved by action but by knowledge

Knowing and believing are different from each other.

● Original Version: 5th to 4th century BCE

This is his dharma.

● Death - is universal; if you’re experiencing pain,

Research/ look a Novel Book

Title of the Book:

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