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    Cellular Respiration PowerPoint

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    Tasfia Quader
    1. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvic acid in the mitochondria, producing more ATP and electron carriers. 3. During the electron transport chain, electrons from the electron carriers are transferred down a chain, pumping protons out and producing large amounts of ATP. Cellular respiration requires oxygen to fully break down glucose.

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    Cellular Respiration PowerPoint

    Uploaded by

    Tasfia Quader
    113 views20 pages
    1. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvic acid in the mitochondria, producing more ATP and electron carriers. 3. During the electron transport chain, electrons from the electron carriers are transferred down a chain, pumping protons out and producing large amounts of ATP. Cellular respiration requires oxygen to fully break down glucose.

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    1. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvic acid in the mitochondria, producing more ATP and electron carriers. 3. During the electron transport chain, electrons from the electron carriers are transferred down a chain, pumping protons out and producing large amounts of ATP. Cellular respiration requires oxygen to fully break down glucose.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    113 views20 pages

    Cellular Respiration PowerPoint

    Uploaded by

    Tasfia Quader
    1. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. 2. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvic acid in the mitochondria, producing more ATP and electron carriers. 3. During the electron transport chain, electrons from the electron carriers are transferred down a chain, pumping protons out and producing large amounts of ATP. Cellular respiration requires oxygen to fully break down glucose.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Cellular Respiration

    Chapter 9

    Ms. McCaughan
    La Serna High School
    2007-2008
    Energy Review
     Energy Storing Molecules
     ATP, NADPH (NAD+), FADH (FAD+), FADH2
     ATP supplies most of the energy that drives
    metabolism in living things
     ATP releases energy when converted into
    ADP
    Cellular Respiration Overview
    Chapter 9-1

     Living things get most of the energy


    they need from glucose.
     Autrotrophs make glucose using photosynthesis
     Heterotrophs get glucose from food they eat
     Cellular Respiration
     The process that releases energy by breaking
    down glucose and other food molecules in the
    presence of oxygen.
    Cellular Respiration Overview
     Cellular Respiration Overall Equation
    6O2 + C6H12O6  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
     Three Stages
    1. Glycolysis
    2. Kreb’s Cycle
    3. Electron Transport Chain
     The Main form of Energy produced = ATP
    Figure 9–2 
    Cellular Respiration: An Overview

    Mitochondrion

    Electrons carried in NADH

    Electrons
    Pyruvic
    carried in
    acid
    NADH and
    Glucose FADH2 Electron
    Krebs Transport
    Glycolysis
    Cycle Chain

    Mitochondrion
    Cytoplasm
    Glycolysis
     Glyco = Glucose lysis = Breakdown
     Occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell
     Molecules of GLUCOSE are broken down
    into 2 molecules of Pyruvic Acid.
     Cell must use (invest) 2 ATP
     Produces Energy Carrier Molecules
     4 ATP
     2 NADH
    Glycolysis

    Pyruvate = Pyruvic Acid


    Glycolysis

    Glucose
    Pyruvic Pyruvic
    Acid Acid

    To the Electron
    Transport Chain
    The “Mighty” Mitochondria
     The mitochondria is the
    organelle where the final
    stages of cellular
    respiration occurs.
     Kreb’s Cycle
     Electron Transport Chain
     Cells that use a lot of
    energy have high numbers
    of mitochondria.
     Example: Muscle cells in
    the heart!!
    Kreb’s Cycle
    Chapter 9-2

     Aerobic Process = Only if oxygen is present!!


     Occurs in the MATRIX of the mitochondria
     Pyruvic Acid from Glycolysis enters to form
     1 ATP

     3 NADH

     1 FADH2
     CO2 (which is released when we exhale!!)

     AKA….Citric Acid Cycle


    Kreb’s Cycle
    Electron Transport Chain
    Chapter 9-2
     Energy carrier molecules produced during
    Glycolysis and the Kreb’s Cycle enter the ETC
     NADH
     FADH2
     Occurs in the folds of the Inner Membrane of the
    Mitochondria (Cristae)
     The electrons are passed down a chain of
    proteins until they reach the final electron
    acceptor…..oxygen!
     So this step is aerobic (requires oxygen)
     The ETC produces 32 ATP and H2O
    Electron Transport Chain

    The chain then repeats in the same way with FADH2


    Section 9-2

    Cellular Respiration Flowchart

    Carbon
    Glucose
    Dioxide
    (C6H1206) Electron
    Krebs (CO2)
    + Glycolysis Transport
    Cycle +
    Oxygen Chain
    Water
    (02)
    (H2O)
    What happens if
    NO OXYGEN
    is available??
    The Kreb’s Cycle and Electron
    Transport Chain can’t function!!
    These are anaerobic conditions!!
    Fermentation
    Chapter 9-1
     The cell can use Fermentation instead!!
     Occurs in the Cytoplasm
     Just like glycolysis!!

     Fermentation
     A series of reactions that convert NADH

    (from glycolysis) back into NAD allowing


    glycolysis to keep producing a small amount
    of ATP
    2 Types of Fermentation
     Alcoholic Fermentation
     Yeasts use this process to form ethyl alcohol
    and carbon dioxide as waste products.
     This causes bread dough to rise

     This is how some alcoholic beverages are

    made

    Pyruvic Acid + NADH  alcohol + CO2 + NAD+


    Lactic Acid Fermentation
     Occurs in bacteria (unicellular organisms)
     This is how cheese, yogurt, and pickles are made.
     Occurs in muscles during rapid exercise
     When your body runs out of oxygen your muscle cells
    must produce some ATP using fermentation and
    glycolysis
     Lactic Acid build-up causes muscle soreness or
    burning after intense activity.
    Pyruvic Acid + NADH  lactic acid + NAD+
    Fermentation Summary
    Glycolysis: Glucose  2 Pyruvic Acid Fermentation: 2 Pyruvic Acid  ? or ?
    Section 9-1

    Chemical Pathways

    Glucose

    Glycolysis Krebs Electron


    cycle transport

    Fermentation Alcohol or
    (without oxygen) Lactic Acid

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