If Clause

IF CLAUSE
FIRST CONDITIONAL
The first conditional talks about real future possibilities.
If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk.

If you don’t apologize, she will never trust you again.
If clause: Main clause:

PRESENT FUTURE SIMPLE
SIMPLE
Practice time!
 Now choose the correct option for each verb:
1. If the surgery isn't / won’t be successful, he has / 'll have just six
months to live.
2. You have / You’ll have a great time if you go / you’ll go to Rio.
3. We are / We’ll be disappointed if nobody comes / will come to
our party on Friday.
4. If you forget / you’ll forget your wife's birthday next week, she is
/ she’ll be upset.
5. I give / I’ll give him the documents when I see / I’ll see him later
today.
6. When I get / will get married, I have / I’m going to have a simple
wedding.
What will you do if you have day off
tomorrow?
 I’ll go to Gramedia if I have day off tomorrow.
 What will you do if you get the first rank in this semester?
I’ll buy some rewards to myself if I get first rank in this semester.
Am I clear?
Imagining the Present were different
 One simple way to imagine that things in the present

were different is to use
 wish + simple past tense
 Example:
 I live near the beach, but I wish I lived near the
mountains.
 My boyfriend is so busy that he has no time for me. I

wish he didn’t work so much.
Second conditional
 Now we'll take those wishes one step further and
imagine the result; imagine what would happen if they
were currently true. This is the second conditional:
 Example:
 If I lived near the mountains, I would go hiking
every weekend.
 If my boyfriend didn’t work so much, we'd go out
 more often.
Second Conditional
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a big house.
Condition Result
If I knew his number, I would (I’d) phone him.
if-clause: main clause:
PAST SIMPLE TENSE CONDITIONAL SIMPLE
would / might / could + infinitive
We use would when the result is more definite or certain.

Ex: If Peter asked Karen out, she would say yes.
We use might when the result may or may not happen:

Ex: If Peter asked Karen out, she might say yes... or she might say no.
We use could to talk about possibilities or abilities.

Ex: If I had a million dollars, I could buy a helicopter,
I could live in a mansion, I could quit my job….
One final note on Second Conditional
 Which is correct?
 If I was rich, I’d buy a boat. Or If I were rich, I’d buy a
boat.
 If Dana was here right now, she’d agree.
 If Dana were here right now, she’d agree.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do

this because he doesn’t have any money.
If I had a lot of money,

I would buy a big house.
I wish I …
I wish I had a lot of money to buy
a house.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Susan wants to call Paul but she can’t do this

because she doesn’t know his number.
If I knew his
number,
I would call him.
I wish…
I wish I knew his number…
Practise time! 2nd conditional
 Complete the sentences with the verbs in the correct
tenses. Pay careful attention to which part of the
sentence is the condition, and which part is the
result! When possible, abbreviate “would” to “‘d”.
a) ate
If you _____(eat) ‘d have
a healthy breakfast, you __________
(have) more energy.
b) ‘d call (call) him if I ___________
I ___________ had (have) his
number.
c) If he __________
were (be) more organized, he
__________________
wouldn’t forget(not forget) so many things.
d) How long _________________
would it take (it take) if we
hired (hire) someone to do this work?
__________
FIRST v. SECOND CONDITIONAL
If John runs fast, he will win the race.

This is still possible to happen.
If John ran fast, he would win the race.
This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.
THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND

CONDITIONAL
Both conditionals refer to the present and future.
The difference is about probability, not time.
First conditional: real and possible situations
Second conditional: unlikely to happen
Do you have any question?
Third Conditional – Imagining that the
PAST had been different
Let's imagine a different past using wish. For hypothetical
past situations, use
wish + past perfect (had + p. part)
Examples:
I was late for work today. I wish I had woken up 15 minutes
earlier.
I wish I hadn’t eaten that seafood yesterday – it made me
sick.
This is used to express regret (such as for eating that seafood) or past
situations you wanted to be different (such as wishing you had
woken up earlier).
THIRD CONDITIONAL
Now we'll take those wishes one step further – imagining the result, in the past, if that past situation had been
different:
If I had woken up 15 minutes earlier, I would have arrived on time.

If I hadn’t eaten that seafood yesterday, I wouldn’t have got sick.
if-clause: main clause:

PAST PERFECT TENSE CONDITIONAL PERFECT
would / could / might + have + v3
had + past participle
Other examples:
If we had brought our camera, we might have taken a picture.

Sarah could have learnt French if she had taken lessons.
The third conditional refers to the past and it is not based on facts. It
expresses an impossible situation.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
Jack wanted to buy a house last year but he

couldn’t do that because he didn’t have any money.
If I had had a lot of money,

I would have bought
a big house.
THIRD CONDITIONAL
Yesterday, Susan wanted to call Paul but she

couldn’t do that because she didn’t know his number.
If I had known his number,

I would have called him.
SECOND v. THIRD CONDITIONAL
If I saw a car accident, I would call an ambulance.
But I don’t see an accident now. This is unlikely to happen .
If I had seen a car accident, I would have called an ambulance.
But I didn’t see an accident yesterday.
THE DIFFERENCE: SECOND and THIRD CONDITIONAL

The difference is about time.
Second conditional: refers to the present and future.
Third conditional: refers to the past situations.
Is it clear?
ALL CONDITIONALS
1. If it rains today, you will get wet (you don’t have an umbrella).
This is still possible to happen.
2. If it rained, you would get wet.
But the sky is blue. This is unlikely to happen.
3. If it had rained yesterday, you would have got wet.

But it didn’t rain, so you didn’t get wet.(past situation)
Review Quiz
Choose the correct answer to make a first
conditional sentence
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1
If it rains,
A I will stay at home.
B I stays at home.
C staying at home.
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1
If it rains,
A I will stay at home.
B I stays at home.
C staying at home.
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2
If I wake up late,
A I was late for work.
B I lates for work.
C I will be late for work.
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2
If I wake up late,
A I was late for work.
B I lates for work.
C I will be late for work.
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3
If you come home late,
A I am angry.
B I will be angry.
C I be angry.
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3
If you come home late,
A I am angry.
B I will be angry.
C I be angry.
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4
If she comes to the party,
A I'll be surprised.
B I wasn't surprised.
C I am surprised.
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4
If she comes to the party,
A I'll be surprised.
B I wasn't surprised.
C I am surprised.
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5
If I don't go to sleep early,
A I am so tired.
B I will be tired.
C I was tired.
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5
If I don't go to sleep early,
A I am so tired.
B I will be tired.
C I was tired.
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GOOD JOB!
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Your Turn!
What would you do in the following
situations?
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What would you do if
you had a million
dollars?
If I had a million dollars, I would....
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Where would you go if
you could go anywhere?
If I could go anywhere, I would go to ....
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What would you do if
you found a talking dog?
If I found a talking dog, I would ...
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GOOD JOB!
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Your Turn!
What is your regret? Tell me in the form of
Conditional Sentence.
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THANKS!

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IF CLAUSE

The first conditional talks about real future possibilities.

If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk.

If clause: Main clause:

 One simple way to imagine that things in the present

 My boyfriend is so busy that he has no time for me. I

We use would when the result is more definite or certain.

We use might when the result may or may not happen:

We use could to talk about possibilities or abilities.

Jack wants to buy a house but he can’t do

If I had a lot of money,

Susan wants to call Paul but she can’t do this

If John runs fast, he will win the race.

If John ran fast, he would win the race.

This is unlikely to happen because John doesn’t run fast.

THE DIFFERENCE: FIRST and SECOND

If I had woken up 15 minutes earlier, I would have arrived on time.

if-clause: main clause:

If we had brought our camera, we might have taken a picture.

Jack wanted to buy a house last year but he

If I had had a lot of money,

Yesterday, Susan wanted to call Paul but she

If I had known his number,

If I saw a car accident, I would call an ambulance.

But I don’t see an accident now. This is unlikely to happen .

If I had seen a car accident, I would have called an ambulance.

But I didn’t see an accident yesterday.

THE DIFFERENCE: SECOND and THIRD CONDITIONAL

This is still possible to happen.

2. If it rained, you would get wet.

But the sky is blue. This is unlikely to happen.

3. If it had rained yesterday, you would have got wet.

A I will stay at home.

A I will stay at home.

A I was late for work.

B I lates for work.

C I will be late for work.

A I was late for work.

B I lates for work.

C I will be late for work.

If I could go anywhere, I would go to ....

If I found a talking dog, I would ...

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