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Unit - Iv Power Dividers and Couplers

This document discusses power dividers and couplers. Power dividers divide an input signal into multiple output signals of lower power. Couplers combine multiple input signals into a single output port. Three-port networks like T-junctions are used as power dividers to split power equally in two outputs. Four-port networks like directional couplers can divide power arbitrarily between output ports. Directional couplers have parameters like coupling factor, directivity and insertion loss. Problems are provided to calculate output powers given input power and coupler parameters. Analysis of Wilkinson power dividers using even and odd mode is also discussed.

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112 views

Unit - Iv Power Dividers and Couplers

This document discusses power dividers and couplers. Power dividers divide an input signal into multiple output signals of lower power. Couplers combine multiple input signals into a single output port. Three-port networks like T-junctions are used as power dividers to split power equally in two outputs. Four-port networks like directional couplers can divide power arbitrarily between output ports. Directional couplers have parameters like coupling factor, directivity and insertion loss. Problems are provided to calculate output powers given input power and coupler parameters. Analysis of Wilkinson power dividers using even and odd mode is also discussed.

Uploaded by

17B81A0455cvr.ac.in PAGADALA JAHANAVI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT – IV

POWER DIVIDERS AND


COUPLERS
Introduction
Power Dividers Couplers
In power division, an input signal is power coupler accepts two or more
divided into two (or more) output input signals and combines them at
signals of lesser power. an output port.
Three-port networks take the form of Four-port networks take the form of
T-junctions and other power dividers directional couplers and hybrids
Power dividers usually provide in- Directional couplers can be designed
phase output signals with an equal for arbitrary power division, while
power division ratio (3 dB), but hybrid junctions usually have equal
unequal power division ratios are power division. Hybrid junctions have
also possible. either a 90◦ or a 180◦ phase shift
between the output ports.
Circulator
Three-Port Networks (T-Junctions)
• The simplest type of power divider is a T-junction, which is a three-port network with two inputs and one
output. The scattering matrix of an arbitrary three-port network has nine independent elements:

If the device is passive and contains no anisotropic materials, then it must be reciprocal and its scattering matrix will be
symmetric (Si j = Sji ).
If all ports are matched, then Sii = 0, and if the network is reciprocal, the scattering matrix reduces to

• If the network is also lossless, then energy conservation requires that


the scattering matrix satisfy these conditions:
Power Division (3-port network)
Four-Port Networks (Directional
Couplers)
The s- matrix for a 4-port network is given by Satisfying the unitary condition for a lossless network

It is customary to choose S12, S34, S13, S24 as

• Further application of unitary condition yields:       2n


• Letting n = 0, there are 2 choices that is commonly
used in practice.
•  =  = /2:  = 0,  = :

1. Asymmetric Coupler:  =  = π/2

2. Antisymmetric Coupler:  = 0,  = π
Few Problems
•A 20dBm power source is connected to the input of a directional coupler having a coupling factor of 20dB, a directivity of
35dB and an insertion loss of 0.5dB. If all ports are matched, find the output power (in dBm) at the through, coupled and
isolated ports.

•A directional coupler has the scattering matrix given below. Find the return loss, coupling factor, directivity and
insertion loss. Assume that the ports are terminated in matched loads.
Wilkinson power divider – even and odd mode analysis

Microstrip Wilkinson power divider and its equivalent circuit for analysis

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