Health Promotion Disease Prevention

HEALTH PROMOTION
INTRODUCTION
 Health promotion is an important component of
nursing practice.
 It is a way of thinking that revolves around a
philosophy of wholeness ,wellness and
wellbeing.
DEFINITION
 Health promotion as a “behavior motivated by the
desire to increase wellbeing and actualize human
health potential” (Pender ,Murdaugh and Parsons,
2006)
 Health promotion is a process of enabling people to
increase control over the determinants of health and
their by improve their health.
PROGRAMES OR HEALTH PROMOTION
 Information dissemination.
 Health risk appraisal and wellness
assessment.
 Lifestyle and behavioral change.
 Environmental control programs.
M EDICAL PRACTITIONER’S ROLE IN
HEALTH PROMOTION
 Model healthy life style
behaviors and attitudes.
 Facilitate client involvement in
the assessment , implementation
and evaluation of health goal.
 Teach client health care
strategies to enhance fitness
improve nutrition ,manage
stress and enhance relationships.
HEALTH PROMOTION
 Assist individuals, families and communities to
increase their levels of health.
 Educate client to be effective health care
consumers .
 Assist clients ,families ,and communities to
develop and choose health promoting options
HEALTH PROMOTION
 Guide clients development in effective
problem solving and decision making
 Reinforce clients personal and family health
promoting behaviors.
 Advocate in the community for changes that
promote a healthy environment.
HEALTH PROMOTION TOPICS
INFANTS
 Infant parent attachment/bonding
 Breast feeding
 Sleep patterns
 Playful activity to stimulate
development
 Immunization
 Safety promotion and injury control
CHILDREN
 Nutrition
 Dental checkup
 Rest and exercise
 Immunizations
 Safety promotion
and injury control
ADOLECENTS
 Communicating with the teen
 Hormonal changes
 Nutrition
 Exercise and rest
 Peer group influences
 Self concept and body image
 Sexuality
 Safety promotion and accidental prevention.
ELDERS
 Adequate sleep
 Appropriate use of alcohol
 Dental/oral health
 Drug management
 Exercise
 Foot health
 Health screening
 Hearing aid use
 Safety precautions
 Weight control etc.
PREVENTION
 The management of those factors that could

lead to disease so as to prevent the
occurrence of disease .
 Goal:- To maintain optimal health by
preventing disease
PRIMODIAL PREVENTION
 DEFINITION : It is the
prevention of emergence of
risk factors in population , in
which they have not get
appeared.
 INTERVENTIONS:
Individual and mass health
education
PRIMARY PREVENTION
 DEFINITION: Primary prevention can be
defined as action taken prior to the onset of
disease, which removes the possibility that a
disease will ever occur
 STRATEGY:
 Population (mass) strategy
 High risk strategy
INTERVENTIONS:
 General health promotion :-
 health education.
 Environmental modification.
 Nutritional interventions.
 Lifestyle and behavioral changes.
Specific protection:-
 Immunization (BCG ,DPT, MMR Vaccine)
 Chemoprophylaxis ( tetracycline for cholera, dapsone for
leprosy , chloroquine for malaria)
 Use of specific nutrients ( vitamin A for children ,iron and
folic acid for pregnant mothers)
 Protection against accidents (use of helmet , seatbelt etc.)
 Protection against occupational hazards
 Avoidance of allergens
 Protection from air pollution.
SECONDARY PREVENTION
 DEFINITION: The action which
halts the progress of a disease at its
incipient stage and complications.
 INTERVENTION:
 Early detection.
 Prompt treatment.
TERITIARY PREVENTION
 DEFINITION: All measures available to reduce or
limit impairment and disabilities , minimize
suffering caused by existing departures from good
health and to promote the patient adjustment
irremediable conditions.
 INTERVENTIONS:
 Disability limitation
 Rehabilitation
Disease
Impairment
Disability
Handicap
 Rehabilitation :
 Medical rehabilitation
 Vocational rehabilitation
 Social rehabilitation
 Psychological rehabilitation

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HEALTH PROMOTION

 The management of those factors that could

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