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    Pioneers of Modern Teaching

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    OrangeSmile
    This document summarizes the principles and influences of several important pioneers of modern teaching, including Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Herbart, Froebel, Spencer, Dewey, Addams, Montessori, Piaget, and Freire. Each pioneer developed new philosophies of education, theories of teaching and learning, and ideas about the role and purpose of schools that continue to impact modern educational practice today. Their work focused on topics such as child-centered learning, experiential education, developmental stages, social education, and liberatory pedagogy.

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    Pioneers of Modern Teaching

    Uploaded by

    OrangeSmile
    425 views14 pages
    This document summarizes the principles and influences of several important pioneers of modern teaching, including Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Herbart, Froebel, Spencer, Dewey, Addams, Montessori, Piaget, and Freire. Each pioneer developed new philosophies of education, theories of teaching and learning, and ideas about the role and purpose of schools that continue to impact modern educational practice today. Their work focused on topics such as child-centered learning, experiential education, developmental stages, social education, and liberatory pedagogy.

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    PIONEERS OF MODERN TEACHING

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    This document summarizes the principles and influences of several important pioneers of modern teaching, including Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Herbart, Froebel, Spencer, Dewey, Addams, Montessori, Piaget, and Freire. Each pioneer developed new philosophies of education, theories of teaching and learning, and ideas about the role and purpose of schools that continue to impact modern educational practice today. Their work focused on topics such as child-centered learning, experiential education, developmental stages, social education, and liberatory pedagogy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    425 views14 pages

    Pioneers of Modern Teaching

    Uploaded by

    OrangeSmile
    This document summarizes the principles and influences of several important pioneers of modern teaching, including Comenius, Rousseau, Pestalozzi, Herbart, Froebel, Spencer, Dewey, Addams, Montessori, Piaget, and Freire. Each pioneer developed new philosophies of education, theories of teaching and learning, and ideas about the role and purpose of schools that continue to impact modern educational practice today. Their work focused on topics such as child-centered learning, experiential education, developmental stages, social education, and liberatory pedagogy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Pioneers of Modern

    Teaching
    presented by

    Annisa – 10507 04002 19


    Silva Liani – 10507 11004 20
    Pioneers of modern teaching

    FOCUS DISCUSSION

    This chapter examines how the leading educational pioneers constructed their
    philisohies and theories of education. These pioneers developed formative
    ideas about schools, curriculum and methods of instruction that continue to
    shape the preservice preparation of teachers and their practice in today’s
    classrooms.

    2
    Comenius : The search for a new
    method
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Respecting children’s natural needs and interest, Comenius rejected
    the child depravity doctrine that children were inherently bad and
    that teachers needed corporal punishment to discipline them

    Education and Schooling


    Comenius, an early multicultural educator respected religious and cultural
    diversity but also believed all persons members of a common human family.
    He believed that schooling, by cultivating universal knowledge and values,
    could promote international understanding and peace.

    Influence on educational practice today


    He wanted teachers in their pre-service preparation to learn how to recognize
    Children’s stage of development and readliness for specific kinds of learning
    3
    Rousseau : Educating the natural personn
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Rousseau emphasized the crucial importance of stages of human
    Development. Rousseau identified five developmental stages : infancy,
    Childhood, boyhood, adolescence, and youth.

    Education and Schooling


    Rousseau was suspicious of schools, which he believed taught children
    to conform to society’s artificial rules rather than living according to nature.
    School-induced-socialization forced children into routines that adults preferred.

    Influence on educational practice today


    Rousseau has influenced modern education. Rousseau’s argument that
    the affected child-centered progressive educators.

    4
    Pestalozzi : Educator of the senses and emotions
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Pestalozzi’s approach to teaching organized into general and specific.
    The general method created a permissive and emotionally healthy
    home like learning environment that had to be in place before more
    Specific instruction occurred. In special method, Pestalozzi implemented
    Direct sensory learning.

    Education and Schooling


    Pestalozzi based learning on natural principles and stressed the importance
    of human emotions. Pestalozzi believed children should learn slowly and understand
    thoroughly what they are studying.

    Influence on educational practice today


    Education should be directed to both the mind and the emotions stimulated educators to develop
    5
    instruction to encourage both cognitive and affective learning.
    Herbart : Systematizing Teaching
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Herbart defined interest as a person’s ability to bring and retain an
    idea in consciousness. Herbart also was concerned with students’
    moral development.

    Education and Schooling


    Herbart systematize education and schooling by organizing instruction into
    a well-defined sequence of steps. The five Herbartian steps were :
    preparation, presentation, Association, Generalization, and Application.

    Influence on educational practice today


    Herbart helped teachers clearly identify the skills and concepts they are going
    to present to students, present them in an organized and unambigous
    way, and verify results by testing students.
    6
    Froebel: The kindergarten
    movement
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Froebel believed that every child’s inner self contained a spiritual
    essence that stimulated self-active learning. Therefore, design the
    kindergarten as a “prepared environment” in which children could
    externalize their interior spirituality through self-activity.

    Education and Schooling


    Froebel believed that kindergarten teacher’s personality to be of
    paramount importance

    Influence on educational practice today


    Kindergarten education grew into an international movement.
    Then it became part of the American school system.

    7
    Spencer : Social Darwinist and Utilitarian
    Educator
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Spencer believed that people in an industrialized society needed a
    utilitarian education to learn useful scientific skills and subjects.
    Spencer wanted education based on the activities that people needed
    to survive.

    Education and Schooling


    Spencer strongly opposed the traditional schools highly verbal literary and
    classical curriculum. The most valuable subjects : physical, biological, and social
    sciences as well as applied technology in fields such as engineering.

    Influence on educational practice today


    American educators were receptive Spencer’s ideas. Modern curriculum designers
    continue to reflect Spencer’s influence when they base curriculum on human needs
    8
    and activities..
    Dewey : Learning through
    experiences
    Principle of teaching and learning
    For Dewey, the scientific method is the most effective process we have
    to solve problems. By using it, children learn how to think reflectively
    And to direct their experiences in ways that lead to social growth.

    Education and Schooling


    Dewey considered education a social process by which the group’s immature
    Members, especially children, learn to participate in group life. Through
    education, children gain entry to their cultural heritage and learn to use it in problem
    Solving

    Influence on educational practice today


    By applying pragmatism to education, he helped to open schooling to change innovation.
    Dewey’s ideas about socially expanding children’s experience stimulated progressive
    9
    Education, which emphasized children’s interest and needs.
    Addams : Socialized Education
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Addams argues that educations had to take on new and broadened
    social purposes. Teachers needed to understand the trends that were
    Reshaping.
    .
    Education and Schooling
    Addams envisioned schools as multifunctional agencies that socialized as well
    As educated children. Teachers like social workers, had many faceted
    Responsibilities for their students’ social well-being

    Influence on educational practice today


    Addams belief that education must be free from gender biases corresponds with the
    Goals of contemporary women’s education, especially equal rights for women and their
    Freedom to define their lives and choose their careers.
    10
    Montessori : The prepared
    environment
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Montessori argued that children, contrary to the assumptions of a
    conventional educators, possess an inner need to work at what
    Interest them without the prodding of teachers and without
    being motivated by external rewards and punishments.

    Education and Schooling


    The Montessori school designed preplanned teaching (didactic) devices and
    Materials to develop children’s practical, sensory, and formal skills

    Influence on educational practice today


    Montessori’s pioneering contribution to education was her emphasis on the formative
    power that early childhood learning has for later lifelong development

    11
    Piaget : Developmental Growth
    Principle of teaching and learning
    Piaget discovered that children construct their concepts about reality
    Exploring their environment. Intelligence develops by a series of
    stages : sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage,
    concrete operational period, and format operational period

    Education and Schooling


    Piaget accentuated their environment as children’s setting for learning.
    Outside of school, children learn directly and informally from their environment

    Influence on educational practice today


    Piaget’s cognitive psychology connected how children learn to think and
    reason with teaching and learning in schools. His theory generated revolutionary
    Changes in early childhood and elementary education troughtout the world.
    12
    Freire : Liberation Pedagogy
    Principle of teaching and learning
    An important goal of Freire’s philosphy is conscientizacao,
    a Potugenese word meaning to be conscious and critically aware of
    The social, political, and economic conditions and contradictions that
    Affect a person’s life

    Education and Schooling


    Freire asserted that the school’s curriculum and instruction can either indoctrinate
    Students to conform to an official version of knowledge or it can challenge them
    to develop a critical consciousness that empowers them to engage in self-liberation

    Influence on educational practice today


    Freire worked to transform teaching and learning from the limited concept of transmitting
    Information to engaging in the project of completing one’s identity and meaning in world
    13
    That needs to be made more equitable, humane, and just.
    Thank You

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