DR - Jose Protacio Rizalmercado Yalonzorealonda

Dr.
Jo s e Prot a cio Riz a l Me rca d o y Alo n z o Re a lo n d a

Doctor – complete his medical course in Spain and was conferred the
degree of Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid.
Jose – chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian St.
Joseph.
Protacio – form Gervacio P which come from a Christian calendar, in
consideration of the day of his birth.
Rizal – from the word ―Ricial‖ in Spanish means a field where a wheat,
cut while still green, sprouts again.
Mercado – adopted by Domingo Lamco which Spanish term means
market.
Alonzo – old name surname of his mother.
Realonda – it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her
godmother based on the culture by that time.
Mylene Gado Almario
• Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda
•
•
- He was born near midnight of Wednesday of June

19, 1861 to the Rizal family of Calamba, Laguna.
•
- He was baptized by Rev. Rufino Collantes in the
Catholic church of Calamba on June 22, 1861, three
• days

after birth.
- His Godfather named Father Perdo Casanas, a
close friend of Rizal family.
•
- Lieutenant-General Jose Lemery was the governor-
general of the Philippines when Rizal was born.
• Rizal’s Father

• Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)

-

Born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818.
- Studied Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in

Manila.
- Became a tenant-farmer of the Dominican-owned hacienda.
•
- A hardly and independent-minded man, who talked less
and worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in
• spirit.

-
• Died
in Manila on January 5, 1898 at age of 80.
• Rizal affectionately called him ―a model father‖.
• Rizal’s Mother
•
•
• Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826-1911)

•
-
• Born

in Manila on November 8, 1826.
- Educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a well-known
college for girls in the city.
•
- A remarkable woman, possessing refined culture,
literary talent, business ability, and the fortitude of
Spartan.
•
- Is a woman of more than ordinary culture; she known
• literature

and speaks Spanish (according to Rizal).
- Died in Manila on August 16, 1911 at age of 85.
• Information about his parents
•
•
- Rizal always called her sisters Doña or Señora (married)

and Señorita (single).
•
- Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso Realonda
married on June 28, 1848, after which they settled down
• in

Calamba.
- The real surname of the Rizal was Mercado, which was
adopted in 1713 by Domingo Lamco (paternal great-great
grandfather of Jose Rizal), who was a full blooded Chinese.
•
- Rizl‘s family acquired a second surname – Rizal – which
was given by a Spanish Alcalde Mayor (provincial
governor) of Laguna, who was a family friend.
• The Siblings of Jose Rizal
•
•
• Saturnina (1850-1913)
•
-
• Oldest
of the Rizal children
-
• Nicknamed
Neneng
-
• Married
to Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas.
•• Paciano

-
• Older
brother and confident of Jose Rizal.
-
• He

was the second father to Rizal.
- Immortalized him in Rizal‘s first novel Noli Me Tangere as the wise
• Pilosopong

Tasio.
-
• Rizal
regarded him a s the ―most noble of Filipinos‖.
-
• He
became a combat general in the Philippine Revolution.
- Died on April 13, 1930,an old bachelor at age of 79, he had two
• children by his mistress (Severina Decena) – a boy and a girl
• Narcisa (1852-1939)
•
-
• Petname

Sisa
- She was married to Antonio Lopez (nephew of Father Leoncio
•
Lopez), a school teacher of Morong.

• Olympia (1855-1887)
•
-
• Petname
Ypia
- She was married to Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator in
• Manila.

•• Lucia

(1857-1919)
- she was married to Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was a
•
nephew of Father Casanas.

• Maria (1859-1945)
•
-
• Biang
was her petname
- She was married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna.
• Concepcion (1862-1865)
•
-
• Concha
was her pet-name
-
• She
died at age of three because of sickness.
-
• Her
death was Rizal‘s first sorrow in life.
•• Josefa
(1865-1945)
-
• Panggoy
was her pet-name
- An old maid, died at age of 80.
•
• Trinidad (1868-1951)
•
• -
•
Trining was her pet-name
• -
•
An old maid, died at age of 83.
• Soledad (1870-1929)
•
• - Choleng was her pet-name

• - She was married to Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba
•• THE RIZAL HOME
•-was one of the distinguished stone houses in Calamba
during the Spanish times
•-it was a two-storey building, rectangular in shape, built of
adobe stones and hard-woods and roofed with red tiles
•-by day, it hummed with the noises of children at play and
the songs of the birds in the garden; by night, it echoed
•with
the dulcet notes of family prayers
· The Rizal family belonged to the principalia, a town
• aristocracy in Spanish Philippines
· The Rizal family had a simple, contented and happy life
•
•• CHILDHOOD YEARS IN CALAMBA
•-Calamba was named after a big native jar
•-Calamba was a hacienda town which belonged to the
•Dominican Order, which also owned all the lands around it
· Un Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of My Town)- a
poem about Rizal’s beloved town written by Rizal in 1876
when he was 15 years old and was student in the Ateneo
• de Manila
· The first memory of Rizal, in his infancy, was his happy
• days in the family garden when he was three years old
· Another childhood memory was the daily Angelus prayer.
By nightfall, Rizal related, his mother gathered all the
• children at the house to pray the Angelus
• Another memory of Rizal’s infancy was the nocturnal walk
in the town, especially when there was a moon
·• The death of little Concha brought Rizal his first sorrow
· At the age of three, Rizal began to take a part in the family
• prayers
· When Rizal was five years old, he was able to read haltingly the
• Spanish family bible
· The Story of the Moth- made the profoundest impression on
• Rizal
•• -“died a martyr to its illusions”
· At the age of five, Rizal began to make sketches with his pencil
• and to mould in clay and wax objects which attracted his fancy
· Sa Aking Mga Kabata (To My Fellow Children)- Rizal’s first
poem in native language at the age of eight -reveals Rizal’s
earliest nationalist sentiment
· At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first dramatic work which was
a Tagalog comedy
• INFLUENCES ON THE HERO’S BOYHOOD
•
(1)
hereditary influence
(2)environmental influence
(3)aid of Divine Providence
•
· Tio Jose Alberto- studied for eleven years in British school in
Calcutta, India and had traveled in Europe inspired Rizal to
• develop his artistic ability
· Tio Manuel- a husky and athletic man, encouraged Rizal to
• develop his frail body by means of physical exercises
· Tio Gregorio- a book lover, intensified Rizal’s voracious reading
• of good book
· Father Leoncio Lopez- the old and learned parish priest of
Calamba, fostered Rizal’s love for scholarship and intellectual
honesty
•• EARLY EDUCATION IN CALAMBA AND BIÑAN
· The first teacher of Rizal was his mother, who was
remarkable woman of good character and fine culture —
• her mother
·• Maestro Celestino- Rizal’s first private tutor
·• Maestro Lucas Padua- Rizal’s second tutor
· Leon Monroy- a former classmate of Rizal’s father
became Rizal’s tutor that instructed Jose in Spanish and
• Latin. He died five months later
· Sunday afternoon in June, 1869- Rizal left Calamba for
Biñan accompanied by Paciano
· Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz- Rizal’s teacher in a
private school in Biñan
• -Rizal described his teacher as follows: He was thin, long-necked, with a
sharp nose and a body slightly bent
•• forward
· Pedro- the teacher’s son which Rizal challenged to a fight
·• Andres Salandanan- challenged Rizal to an arm-wrestling match
· Juancho-an old painter who was the father-in-law of the school teacher;
• freely give Rizal lessons in drawing and painting
· Jose Guevara- Rizal’s classmate who also loved painting, became
• apprentices of the old painter
•· “the favorite painters of the class”- because of his artistic talent
· Christmas in 1870-Rizal received a letter from his sister Saturnina,
informing him of the arrival of the steamer Talim which would take him from
• Biñan to Calamba
· Saturday afternoon, December 17, 1870- Rizal left Biñan after one year
and a half of schooling
· Arturo Camps- a Frenchman friend of Rizal’s father who took care of him
on board
•• DAILY LIFE IN BIÑAN
•-Heard the four o’ clock mass then at ten
o’ clock went home at once and went at
school at two and came out at five -The
day was unusual when Rizal was not laid
out on a bench and given five or six blows
•because
of fighting
•• MARTYRDOM OF GOM-BUR-ZA
· Night of January 20, 1872- about 200 Filipino soldiers
and workmen of the Cavite arsenal under the leadership
of Lamadrid, Filipino sergeant, rose in violent mutiny
• because of the abolition of their usual privileges
· Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto
Zamora- were executed at sunrise of February 17, 1872,
• by order of Governor General Izquierdo
· The martyrdom of Gom-Bur-Za in 1872 truly inspired
Rizal to fight the evils of Spanish tyranny and redeem his
oppressed people
· Rizal dedicated his second novel, El Filibusterismo, to
Gom-Bur-Za
•• INJUSTICE TO HERO’S MOTHER
· Before June, 1872- Doña Teodora was suddenly arrested
on a malicious charge that she and her brother, Jose
• Alberto, tried to poison the latter’s perfidious wife
· Antonio Vivencio del Rosario- Calamba’s
• gobernadorcillo, help arrest Doña Teodora
· After arresting Doña Teodora, the sadistic Spanish
lieutenant forced her to walk from Calamba to Santa Cruz
(capital of Laguna province), a distance of 50 kilometers
· Doña Teodora was incarcerated at the provincial prison,
• where she languished for two years and a half
· Messrs. Francisco de Marcaida and Manuel Marzan- the
most famous lawyers of Manila that defend Doña Teodora

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Dr.

Jo s e Prot a cio Riz a l Me rca d o y Alo n z o Re a lo n d a

- He was born near midnight of Wednesday of June

• Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)

• Doña Teodora Alonso Realonda (1826-1911)

- Rizal always called her sisters Doña or Señora (married)

• - Choleng was her pet-name

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