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    Class Diagram: Helping Material

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    The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It defines a class diagram as showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. It describes how class diagrams represent the static structure of a system and can be mapped to code. It provides examples of classes, attributes, operations, and relationships like generalization, association, aggregation and composition.

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    Class Diagram: Helping Material

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    Whatever
    113 views32 pages
    The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It defines a class diagram as showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. It describes how class diagrams represent the static structure of a system and can be mapped to code. It provides examples of classes, attributes, operations, and relationships like generalization, association, aggregation and composition.

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    Class Diagram

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    The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It defines a class diagram as showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. It describes how class diagrams represent the static structure of a system and can be mapped to code. It provides examples of classes, attributes, operations, and relationships like generalization, association, aggregation and composition.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    113 views32 pages

    Class Diagram: Helping Material

    Uploaded by

    Whatever
    The document discusses class diagrams in UML. It defines a class diagram as showing classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. It describes how class diagrams represent the static structure of a system and can be mapped to code. It provides examples of classes, attributes, operations, and relationships like generalization, association, aggregation and composition.

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    Class Diagram

    Helping Material
    Class Diagram
    • In software engineering, a class diagram in the Unified Modeling
    Language (UML) is a type of static structure diagram that describes
    the structure of a system by showing the system's classes, their
    attributes, operations (or methods), and the relationships among
    objects.
    Class Diagram
    • Class diagram represents the static view of an application. Class
    diagram is not only used for visualizing, describing, and documenting
    different aspects of a system but also for constructing executable
    code of the software application.
    • Class diagram describes the attributes and operations of a class and
    the constraints imposed on the system. The class diagrams are widely
    used in the modeling of object-oriented systems because they are the
    only UML diagrams, which can be mapped directly with object-
    oriented languages.
    Constraint
    What is a Class?
    • A general template that we use to create specific instances or
    objects in the application domain
    • Represents a kind of person, place, or thing about which the system
    will need to capture and store information
    UML Representation of Class
    Example of a Class Diagram
    Video Rental System
    visibility multiplicity class name

    Customer 1..* 1..*


    Video
    -CID: int -cassetteID : int
    -name: String rents -cassetteVolumeNo: int
    +rentMovie()
    +authenticateCustomer ()

    attributes methods
    relationship
    Attributes in a Class
    • Properties of the class about which we want to capture information
    • Represents a piece of information that is relevant to the description of the class within the
    application domain
    • Contains information that the analyst or user feels that the system should store
    • Represents properties that describe the state of the object
    • Only attributes important to the task should be included in the class
    • For example, for employee, employee name is a good attribute; employee hair color is not
    (not relevant in the business application)
    Attributes in a Class
    • Only add attributes that are primitive or atomic types
    • Derived attribute
    • attributes that are calculated or derived from other
    attributes
    • denoted by placing slash (/) before name
    Attributes in a class

    • One word attribute name in lower case letter


    • If word contain more than one word the words are join and each
    word other then first is written in upper case
    Attributes in a class
    Visibility of Attributes and Operations
    • Visibility in a class diagram
    • Shown on attributes and methods
    1) Public
    • One that is not hidden from any other object
    • Default visibility for a method
    2) Protected
    • One that is hidden from all other classes except its immediate subclasses
    3) Private
    • One that is hidden from all other classes
    • Default visibility for an attribute
    Visibility of Attributes and
    Operations
    Visibility Symbol Accessible To
    Public + All objects within your system.

    Protected # Instances of the implementing class and its


    subclasses.

    Private - Instances of the implementing class.


     
    Operations in a Class
    • Represents the actions or functions that a class can perform
    • Describes the actions to which the instances of the class will be
    capable of responding
    Class Operations

    Person

    name : String
    address : Address
    birthdate : Date
    ssn : Id
    eat Operations describe the class behavior
    sleep and appear in the third compartment.
    work
    play
    Class Responsibilities

    A class may also include its responsibilities in a class diagram.

    A responsibility is a contract or obligation of a class to perform


    a particular service.
    SmokeAlarm

    Responsibilities

    -- sound alert and notify guard station


    when smoke is detected.

    -- indicate batteryDesign
    Software state (UML)
    Relationships among Classes
    • Represents a connection between multiple classes or a class and itself
    • Generalization
    • Composition
    • Aggregation
    Generalization
    • A taxonomic relationship between a more general classifier and a
    more specific classifier
    • Enables the analyst to create classes that inherit attributes and
    operations of other classes
    • Represented by a-kind-of relationship
    • Super class, Sub Class
    Generalization Relationship
    Person

    Employee Customer

    Manager Engineer
    Generalization Relationship
    Employee
    hireDate
    Generalization

    receivePay
    performWork

    Manager Engineer
    department certifications
    bonus
    hireEmployee analyze
    promoteEmployee design
    Specialization
    Generalization Relationship
    • Superclass
    • Employee class
    • Generalization that contains attributes and operations common to all subclasses
    • Subclass
    • Manger and Engineer classes
    • Specializations of a superclass
    Association
    • If two classes in a model need to communicate with each other, there
    must be link between them, and that can be represented by an
    association (connector). Association can be represented by a line
    between these classes with an arrow indicating the navigation
    direction
    • Object one class are linked with the object of other class
    Association
    • A class can associate with more then one class
    • A person can ride in the car and person can also ride in the bus
    Multiplicity
    • Important aspect of association
    • It tells object of one class that are related to the object of the other
    class
    • Example like student ,instructor relationship
    Aggregation
    • Specialized type of association relationship
    • A special form of association that specifies a whole-part relationship
    between the aggregate (whole) and a component part.
    • Aggregation is a special case of association. A directional association
    between objects. When an object ‘has-a’ another object, then you
    have got an aggregation between them. Direction between them
    specified which object contains the other object. Aggregation is also
    called a “Has-a” relationship
    Aggregation
    Composition
    • A composition relationship represents a whole–part relationship and
    is a type of aggregation. A composition relationship specifies that the
    lifetime of the part classifier is dependent on the lifetime of the whole
    classifier
    •  In a more specific manner, a restricted aggregation is called
    composition. When an object contains the other object, if the
    contained object cannot exist without the existence of container
    object, then it is called composition.
    Composition
    Composition
    How to find classes
    Class diagram (Banking system)

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