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    Introducción

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Yepez
    The document provides an overview of drilling engineering. It discusses how a drilling rig is used to drill wells by lowering a drill bit on pipe to bore holes into the earth. It describes how the drill pad is constructed by clearing land and building access roads. It then gives a brief history of drilling technologies and outlines the various components of a drilling rig, including the derrick/mast, blowout preventer, tubular handling equipment, and drilling crew roles.

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    Introducción

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Yepez
    73 views35 pages
    The document provides an overview of drilling engineering. It discusses how a drilling rig is used to drill wells by lowering a drill bit on pipe to bore holes into the earth. It describes how the drill pad is constructed by clearing land and building access roads. It then gives a brief history of drilling technologies and outlines the various components of a drilling rig, including the derrick/mast, blowout preventer, tubular handling equipment, and drilling crew roles.

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    Introducción perforación

    Original Title

    1. Introducción

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    The document provides an overview of drilling engineering. It discusses how a drilling rig is used to drill wells by lowering a drill bit on pipe to bore holes into the earth. It describes how the drill pad is constructed by clearing land and building access roads. It then gives a brief history of drilling technologies and outlines the various components of a drilling rig, including the derrick/mast, blowout preventer, tubular handling equipment, and drilling crew roles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    73 views35 pages

    Introducción

    Uploaded by

    Joseph Yepez
    The document provides an overview of drilling engineering. It discusses how a drilling rig is used to drill wells by lowering a drill bit on pipe to bore holes into the earth. It describes how the drill pad is constructed by clearing land and building access roads. It then gives a brief history of drilling technologies and outlines the various components of a drilling rig, including the derrick/mast, blowout preventer, tubular handling equipment, and drilling crew roles.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 35

    DRILLING ENGINEERING

    INTRODUCTION
    INTRODUCTION
    INTRODUCTION
    • A drilling rig moves on site and carefully drills deep into the earth
    over several weeks.
    • The drill rig will be both visible and audible and will typically be on
    site for about three to four weeks for each well
    • A rig’s primary function is to drill a hole in the earth by lowering a
    drill bit on drill pipe
    • At depths approved by governmental regulators, drilling will stop
    and steel casing will be lowered and cemented in place before
    drilling continues, which Creates Physical Barriers!
    DRILL PAD CONSTRUCTION

    Preparing the land for the arrival of the drilling rig is an important
    part of the project.
    • Access roads will be upgraded if necessary to accommodate
    construction equipment and traffic.
    • Construction vehicles will clear land and construct drill pad on site.
    • In some cases, drilling pads can be designed to house multiple wells
    per pad.
    • As part of the clearing process, topsoil is removed and typically
    stored on site for use in the reclamation of the pad at a later date.
    Rocks may be removed and reused elsewhere.
    HISTORY
    • Oil and natural gas well
    drilling technologies
    evolved from the ancient
    spring pole to percussion
    cable-tools to the
    modern rotary rigs that
    can drill miles into the
    earth.
    • The French engineer
    Pierre-Pascal Fauvelle
    was the first to utilize
    water circulation in
    drilling. Using the new
    method, he drilled 560
    feet in 23 days (1845).
    HISTORY
    • Edwin L. Drake (1819-1880) drilled
    at Titusville, Pennsylvania a well that
    produced crude oil on August 27,
    1859.
    • Instead of the repetitive lift and drop
    of heavy cable-tool bits, rotary
    drilling introduced the hollow drill
    stem that enabled broken rock debris
    to be washed out of the borehole
    with re-circulated mud while the
    rotating drill bit cut deeper.
    DRILLING TECHNICS
    DRILLING TECHNICS
    ENGINEERS CREW
    Drilling Fluids
    Engineer

    Directional
    Engineer

    MWD Engineer

    Assistant
    Drilling Drilling Bit
    Drilling
    supervisor Engineer
    Supervisor
    Geologist
    Mug Logging
    Engineer
    Sample Catcher
    Cementing
    Engineer

    Solid Control
    Engineer
    DRILLING RIGS
    Land rigs
    • Light duty rigs (3280-4920 ft ~100 tons)
    • Medium duty rigs (4920-11480 ft ~250 tons)
    • Heavy duty rigs (11480-2500 ft > 400 tons)
    • Workover rigs
    DRILLING RIGS
    DRILLING RIGS
    RIG COMPONENTS
    • Mast (derrick) & substructure
    • Power & prime movers
    • Hoisting equipment
    • Rotating equipment
    • Circulating equipment
    • Blowout preventer
    • Tubular and pipe handling equipment
    RIG COMPONENTS
    BLOWOUT PREVENTER
    Why Blowout Preventer are used?
    Kick : An influx of formation fluid into the wellbore

    Blowout : An uncontrolled flow of well fluids and/or formation fluid


    from the wellbore or into lower pressured sub-surface zones
    (underground blowout)

    Blowout Preventer : An assembly of valves attached to the casing head


    that allows the well to be sealed to confine the well fluids in the
    wellbore.
    BLOWOUT PREVENTER
    • There are two types:
    • Annular BOP
    • Ram BOP
    BLOWOUT PREVENTER
    Selection of BOP determined by the following factors:
    •  Maximum anticipated surface pressure.
    •  Size of casing, casing hanger, bit and other drilling tools to be
    lowered through the BOP stack.
    • Space available between top of cellar pit and bottom of rotary table.
    • Matching flange connection according to the size and pressure
    rating of wellhead flange.
    • Service conditions.
    BLOWOUT PREVENTER
    Specifications
    • Standard Sizes of BOP:
    71/16”, 9”, 11”, 135/8”, 16¾”, 18¾”, 21¼”, 26¾”, 28”, 291/2”, 30”
    Size refers to - ID, Nominal Diameter, Through bore
    • Rated Working Pressure (RWP):
    2M, 3M, 5M, 10M, 15M, 20M
    The maximum pressure that the equipment can withstand (contain) and
    control.
    • Shell Test or Manufacturer Test or Body Test:
    • Only once in the factory
    • 2M, 3M, 5M – 2 TIMES the RWP
    • 10M and above – 1.5 TIMES the RWP
    BLOWOUT PREVENTER
    BOP accumulator

    https://archive.epa.gov/otaq/technology/web/html/accumulator.html#:~:te
    xt=The%20accumulators%20use%20nitrogen%20to,inside%20the
    %20accumulator%20is%20compressed.
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill string components:
    • Drill pipe
    • Drill collar
    • Heavy weight drill pipe
    • Subs
    • Special tools
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill pipe
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill pipe classification API RP 7G
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Heavy weight drill pipe
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill collars
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill collar sizes
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Drill collar weight
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Subs
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Elevator links and elevator
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Whinch
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Slips and safety clamps
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Tong and drill pipe spin
    TUBULAR AND PIPE HANDLING
    EQUIPMENT
    Iron Roughneck and bit braker

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