S

Sachdeva Millennium
School, Agra.
Summer Holidays
Homework
 Class- 11th
Physical Education File
Game- Shooting
Submmited To- Atul sir
Submmited By- Madhavi Singh
 History
History Of Shooting In India

Origin
The origin of shooting in India can be traced back to the medieval period, whe
n Indians used to practice the game in the form of archery. During the 16th ce
ntury, the firearms were introduced to the game, which was primarily used fo
r hunting. Shooting competitions were held right from the 11th century, altho
ugh the game was considered royal, confined to the Maharajas of the princely
states of India. They were fond of shooting and frequented the woods, to hun
t prey, using their rifles. Over the passing years, the game secured its place in
the military training as well.
• German museums indicate that wooden targets for firearm shooti
ng were used as early as 1540. Other places like Russia saw rise of
shooting ranges and consequently shooting events in 1730s. At the
American frontier, these games were introduced in 1750s.
• Target rifle shooting has been a popular sport before 1800s in Brit
ain. Incidentally, books on rifle shooting were written in the countr
y. Henry Beuafoy published the first book about the game in 1808.
• The rising popularity of shooting led to the first World Shooting Ch
ampionship in 1897, when 300-meter rifle matches where played t
o celebrate the 25th anniversary of Lyon, France’s Shooting Club.
• As a sport, it was introduced in the first Olympic Games, 1896. The
games, which were played in Athens had several competitions. In P
aris games, 1900, live pigeons were introduced. However, this was
met with criticism from different societies and hence, pigeons wer
e replaced with clay targets thereafter.
• This was also the period when shooting in India was actually st
ared . It was initially popularized by the Indians, who worked a
s officers in the British Army. The easy access to firearms and t
he need to practice skills at weapons led to the beginning of se
mi-formal shooting tournaments. However, no championships
were organized, as the country was still under British siege.
• 1907 was the year when International Shooting Sport Federati
on came into existence. Due to the nature of the game, the bo
ard introduced different changes, and sought standardization t
o promote different types of shooting events.
• India began participating in shooting events formally once Nati
onal Rifle Association of India was established. The governing b
ody was formed in 1951 to promote the sport. The first speake
r of Lok Sabha, Shri G.V. Mavlankar was the founder of this org
anization.
• Since the establishment of a governing body, shooting has beco
me an important sport for India. It is considered crucial for Oly
mpics, where Indian teams and individual players have won sev
eral metals. Over the years, India has accumulated 26 medals, i
ncluding a gold medal by Abhinav Bindra.
• 2008 and 2012 have been the best years for Indians in Olympics
Shooting Events. It is during this period that India won individua
l gold medals, silvers and bronze in different tournaments.
• Olympics Shooting is a major event, which has 15 shooting cate
gories for men and women. In India, National Shooting Champi
onship Competition is held annually to give young talent an opp
ortunity for showcasing their skill and grabbing a spot in interna
tional games.
• Now, Indian team is extensively preparing for 2016 Rio De Janei
ro Olympics. 
 Terminologies
A traditional sport, shooting has come a long way in India, from just being confined to
the maharajas of the erstwhile princely states of the country, to a sport that has gaine
d immense popularity amongst the young sports enthusiasts. Veteran shooters includi
ng Abhinav Bindra, Major Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, Anjali Bhagwat and other prom
inent shooters have brought laurels to the country, thus contributing to the upliftment
of the game. Primarily used for military training, the game requires great concentratio
n skills, in order to acquire precision while shooting the target. Read the following lines
to know the history of shooting in India.

The Present Day Scenario

The shooting sport in India has gained worldwide recognition, after Major Rajvardhan
Rathore won the first individual silver medal at the 2004 Athen Olympic Games. India t
ouched another milestone in 2008, when Indian shooter Abhinav Bindra won the coun
try's first Olympic individual gold medal at the Beijing Olympics. Some of the legendary
Indian shooters, who have excelled in the sports and have brought a lot of glory to the
country, include Gagan Narang, Rajyavardhan Rathore, Anjali Bhagat, Dr Karni Singh, R
andhir Singh, Samresh Jung, Jaspal Rana.
National Rifle Association of India
The National Rifle Association of India (NRAI) came into existence in 1951, which pave
d the way for the recognition of shooting as a sport in India. The establishment of NR
AI proved beneficial for the shooters in India, who were given international exposure.
NRAI organizes various shooting competitions at the national level, under four discipli
nes - rifle, pistol, shotgun and running target. With the increasing popularity of the sh
ooting sport in India, the budding shooters are putting strenuous efforts to excel in th
e game and gain recognition both at the national and international levels.

Development Of The Sport

The Indian shooters have marked their presence and gained success in prestigious int
ernational events including Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games, SAF Games and
Asian Games. One of the outstanding performances delivered by the Indian shooters
was witnessed at the 1990 Commonwealth Games, held in Auckland, New Zealand, w
hen Ashok Pandit won the bagged gold medal for India, in the free pistol event. The I
ndian shooters delivered their best ever performance at the 1998 Commonwealth Ga
mes held in Kuala Lumpur, when they won seven medals. Some of the outstanding In
dian shooters have received the most prestigious awards, including Rajiv Gandhi Khel
Ratna Award, Dronacharya Award and Arjuna Award, for excelling in sports
 Fundamental Skills
• Shooting as a sport has achieved immense popularity in India. The game h
as been played for over a century and its history can be originated to Britis
h rule in the country.
• As a competitive sport, shooting requires proficiency in terms of accuracy
and speed. The sport makes safe use of firearms, including rifle, pistol and
shotgun. However, it may also use archery and crossbow, which are a diffe
rent shooting sport altogether.
• A major sport at Summer Olympics, shooting has been played since the 1
896 Summer Olympics. Over 15 events are played at the Olympics, includi
ng air pistol, skeet, trap, and rifle prone and rapid fire pistol events. Intern
ational Shooting Sport Federation is the governing body for all shooting ev
ents, regulating the rules, qualifications and international competitions. In
India, the governing body is National Rifle Association of India.
 Rules of the game
Safe Firearm handling is the first and most import
ant Rule in all Shooting Sports

Treat every firearm as if it were loaded.

• Keep the barrel pointed in a safe direction.
• Never point a firearm in fun or jest.
• Keep your fingers off the trigger. Don’t rely on your firearms safety device.
• Always wear eye and ear protection.
• Know your target and what is beyond it.
• Keep the firearm unloaded when not in use.
• Firearms must be shot from the firing line only and nowhere else.
• All guns carried on or about the shooting grounds must be held in a position of safety, with the breach open and unloaded at all times.
• Carry the firearm so that you can control the barrel even if you stumble.
• Load your gun with the right ammunition.
• Know the firearm you are using.
• Shooting on the grounds at any place, other than at a legitimate target, is prohibited.
• All Shooters are Safety Officers because Safety is your responsibility, not someone els
e’s !
• Only one shooting discipline is shot on the Range at any one time.
• Shooters must only shoot down range, in the assigned lane, and at the assigned targe
t and nothing else.
• Cross firing is strictly prohibited. (Firing across your assigned lane as opposed to dow
n the line).
• Only the Range Master (RM) or assigned Safety Officer (SO) can call to close the rang
e to allow for scoring and or a target change.
• The Range Master or Safety Officer must call for all shooters to unload and clear their
weapons before the range is closed for scoring [and or] for a target change. The RM o
r SO must check to ensure all guns on the firing line are unloaded, clear and safe.
• All non-shooters must wait in the assigned staging area. Non shooters are prohibited
from stepping onto the firing line with active shooters.
• The shooting of wildlife or stray animals is prohibited.
• The Range Master or Safety Officer must caution any individual breaking range rules,
and if deemed necessary, remove the individual(s) off the range.
• Proper covered footwear is required: No bare feet, No thongs or flip flops, and no op
en toe sandals.
 All Shooters are Safety Officers because Safety i
s your responsibility, not someone else’s !

• Only one shooting discipline is shot on the Range at any one time.
• Shooters must only shoot down range, in the assigned lane, and at the assigned target and noth
ing else.
• Cross firing is strictly prohibited. (Firing across your assigned lane as opposed to down the line).
• Only the Range Master (RM) or assigned Safety Officer (SO) can call to close the range to allow f
or scoring and or a target change.
• The Range Master or Safety Officer must call for all shooters to unload and clear their weapons
before the range is closed for scoring [and or] for a target change. The RM or SO must check to
ensure all guns on the firing line are unloaded, clear and safe.
• All non-shooters must wait in the assigned staging area. Non shooters are prohibited from step
ping onto the firing line with active shooters.
• The shooting of wildlife or stray animals is prohibited.
• The Range Master or Safety Officer must caution any individual breaking range rules, and if dee
med necessary, remove the individual(s) off the range.
• Proper covered footwear is required: No bare feet, No thongs or flip flops, and no open toe san
dals.
Shooting Events and Specifications
• Current events include- Air Pistol, Air Rifle, Double Trap, Rapid Fire
Pistol, Pistol, Rifle Prone, Skeet, Trap and Rifle Three Positions.
• Specifications for Rifle events are- 50m rifles 3 positions, 10m Air ri
fle, 50m rifle prone.
• Specification for pistol events- 50m pistol, 25m rapid fire pistol, 10
m are pistol. The last two are for women participants as well.
• Specifications for shotgun evens- trap, double trap and skeet. Wom
en can participate in trap and skeet events.
• The competitions consist of qualification and final round. Shots are
fired at 10 ring target during qualifications.
• 8 shooters qualify to the final round. Final score and qualification sc
ore are added to determine final rankings.
 Shooting Events
• Organizations that govern shooting
• Since shooting can be a dangerous sport, several organizations have been set up to pro
mote safety and norms for the game.
• International Shooting Sport Federation
• The International Shooting Sport Federation or ISSF is the international governing body o
f Olympic shooting events.
• National Rifle Association of India
• Affiliated with the Indian Olympic Association and International Shooting Sport Federati
on, National Rifle Association of India or NRAI is the governing body of shooting in India.
• Participating Championships International
• ISSF World Cup
• Olympic Shooting Events
• National Shooting Championship Competitions
• Kumar Surendra Singh Memorial Shooting Championship
 Famous Personalities with
their medals

Rajyavardhan Singh
Silver Men's double trap
Rathore

Gold Abhinav Bindra Men's 10m Air Rifle

Bronze Gagan Narang Men's 10m Air Rifle
Silver Vijay Kumar Men's 25m Rapid Fire Pistol
 Famous Venus

Games First held (Year & Last held (Year &

Host) Host)
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Olympic Games 1896 Athens Greece
Brazil
Commonwealth Ga 1930 Hamilton 2018 Queensland
mes Canada Australia

Asian Games 1951 New Delhi 2018 Jakarta

India Indonesia
1924 Chamonix 2018 Pyeongchang
Winter Olympics
France South Korea
 Biography
• Abhinav Bindra is an Indian businessman and retired sport shooter. He is curr
ently India's only individual Olympic gold medalist.  His gold in the 10-meter a
ir rifle event at the 2008 Summer Olympics was also India's first Olympic gold
medal since 1980.  He is the first Indian to have held concurrently the world a
nd Olympic titles for the men's 10-meter air rifle event, having earned those
honors at the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2006 ISSF World Shooting Cha
mpionships. Bindra has also won nine medals at the Commonwealth Games
and three gold medals at the Asian Games.
• He won 1 Gold medal in Olympic games.
• In World Chamiponships, he won 1 Gold medal.
• He won 1 Silver medal and 2 Bronze in Asian Games.
• In Commonwealth Games, he won 4 Gold medal, 2 Silver medal, 1 Bronze me
dal.
• Total He won 6 Gold medal, 3 Silver medal, 3 Bronze medal.
• With more than 150 medals in his 22-year career, he is the recipient of the Pad
ma Bhushan  from the Government of India[ and is one of the top influencers o
f sport policy in the country.
• At the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Bindra finished fourth in the fi
nals of the 10-meter air rifle event. He also served as a goodwill ambassador fo
r the Rio 2016 Olympics Indian contingent, having been appointed to that post
by the Indian Olympics Association (IOA). On September 5, 2016, he announce
d his retirement.
• Bindra's primary outreach to Indian sports is through the Abhinav Bindra Foun
dation, a non-profit organization that works to integrate sports, science, and te
chnology into Indian sports and encourage high-performance physical training.
• In 2018, Bindra was bestowed with the prestigious Blue Cross, the ISSF's highes
t honor.
• Bindra is also currently a member of the IOC Athletes' Commission.