Proposal Presentation

Knowledge and Practice on Postnatal Care

among Postnatal Mother Attending in
Tertiary Level Hospital of Gokarneshwor
Municipality.

Supervisor’s name: Student’s name:

Ms. Ishwori Lama Goma Adhikari
Lecturer B.sc.Nursing, 4th year
2nd year faculty 1
 Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes the postnatal care as the
most critical and most neglected phase of the life of the mothers and babies
as most of the death occur during the postnatal period. According to WHO
: more than 500000 women die each year due to complication of
pregnancy. The fact that two thirds of maternal and newborn deaths occur
in the first two days after birth due to the inadequacy of care.
Every day, approximately 800 women die from preventable causes related to
pregnancy and childbirth. `99% of all maternal deaths occur in developing
countries. (WHO) 2014. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) for Nepal is
239 deaths per 100,000 live births NDHS 2016.

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 Rationale/Need of the study
According to sustainable goal (2014-2030) of Nepal it
includes 17 goals among them third goal is directly link with
health and it consist of 9 target among which target 1 and 2
focuses on maternal and newborn respectively.
It is targeted that: By 2030, SDG 3 targets for Nepal for 2030
are to reduce maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70
per 100,000 live births, to reduce prevent-able deaths to less
than 1 percent of newborns (neonatal mortality to at least
as low as 12 per 1000 live births)

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 Contd…
• Owing to the global target, there is demand for more
research in the field and hence strategies to increase
the knowledge and practice among postnatal women.
However, not many studies have been conducted in
Nepal on the topic. Besides, being personal interest in
maternity health has also prompted for the study.

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 Research Objectives
General objective:
To assess the level of knowledge and practice of postnatal
women regarding postnatal care attending tertiary level
hospital of Gokarneshwor municipality .

Specific Objectives:
• To identify the level of knowledge of postnatal women regarding
postnatal care
• To determine the practice of postnatal care among postnatal
women .
• To assess the factors influencing postnatal care
• To assess the relationship between knowledge and postnatal care
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Research Question:
 What is the level of knowledge and practice of
postnatal women regarding postnatal care
attending tertiary level hospital of Gokarneshwor
municipality?

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 Significance of the Study
The assessment of current level of knowledge and practices
on postnatal care can provide valuable data to the health care
professionals and policy- making bodies.
It can thus contribute in the designing of effective
interventional strategies which can fill the gaps of knowledge
and improve practice.

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 Conceptual Framework

Factors influencing:
1. Religion
2. occupation Knowledge
3. Educational level
4. Gravida
5. Transportation cost
Postnatal care

Practice
 Operational Definition
Knowledge:
In this study, Knowledge refers to the level of
understanding and information about postnatal care.
Knowledge will be assessed with a self-constructed semi-
structured questionnaire which has been formulated after a
comprehensive literature review and consultation with
subject experts. In the semi- structured questionnaire,
knowledge regarding postnatal care will be divided and
assessed as follows: 9
A. Knowledge related to general information on colorectal
cancer
B. Knowledge regarding risk factors
C. Knowledge regarding signs and symptoms
D. Knowledge regarding screening methods and guidelines.

Scoring interpretation:
0-50%: Inadequate knowledge
51-75% : Moderate knowledge
>76%: Adequate knowledge

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Practices on postnatal care .
It refers to utilization and use of postnatal care for early
recovery of maternal health and helping the newborn to adjust
to the new environment. And helping to prevent from
complication to both mother and newborn. Practice behaviors
adopted by the sample population for prevention and early
detection of danger sign on both mother and newborn . The
practices on “postnatal care” will be assessed by using semi-
structured questions which will be divided into two parts:

PART-I: Questions regarding practices on postpartum mother

care
PART-II: Questions regarding postnatal newborn care .

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 Literature review
• The study results shows that most of the respondents 123
(62.76%) had average knowledge whereas 72(36.73%)
had good knowledge and 1(0.51%) had poor knowledge
on postnatal care. The maximum knowledge score was
78 and minimum knowledge score was 27. The overall
mean knowledge score was 56.62. Most of the
respondents 123(62.76%) had average level of
knowledge on postnatal care. Highest knowledge was in
the area of danger sign of mothers and newborn and the
lowest in the areas of family planning. The overall mean
percentage was 64.34.
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 Contd…
• The study was conducted in Postnatal and
Gynecological Ward of Western Regional
Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal (2015).

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 Methodology
Study Design: A descriptive cross sectional study
Study Site: NMCTH gyne OPD and PNC ward.

Target Population: postnatal women

Study Population: postnatal women attending at NMCTH

Inclusion Criteria:

Postnatal women visiting NMCTH.

Women giving consent for participation.

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Exclusion Criteria: Female visitors in wards or OPD and
women who have not given

Sample Size: 237 (with 10% non-response rate) formula

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 Sample size calculation
The study results shows that most of the respondents 123
(62.76%) had average knowledge whereas 72(36.73%)
had good knowledge and 1(0.51%) had poor knowledge
on postnatal care. The maximum knowledge score was 78
and minimum knowledge score was 27. The overall mean
knowledge score was 56.62. Most of the respondents
123(62.76%) had average level of knowledge on postnatal
care. Highest knowledge was in the area of danger sign of
mothers and newborn and the lowest in the areas of
family planning. The overall mean percentage was 64.34.
The sample size was calculated using above ,assuming 95%
confidence level, that is 1.96, and a sample error of 10%,
sample size was calculated using the following formula:
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•  
n=
n=
n = 216
In above formula ,
n = required sample size
z = confidence interval at 95 % (standard value 1.96)
P= (prevalence of adequate+ moderate level of knowledge)
(64.34%) = .64
q = 1-p = 0.36
d = allowable error; 10% of p= 0.064
Considering 10% response error,
10 % of 216 = 21.6
Thus, the final sample size is 216 + 21.6 = 237 17
Sampling Technique : Non probability- purposive sampling
method
Tools for Data Collection:Self-constructed questionnaire
with three main parts will be used which has been formulated
after a comprehensive literature review and consultation with
subject experts.
PART-I: Socio-demographic data
PART-II: Knowledge regarding postnatal care
PART-III: Practices regarding postnatal care.
Techniques of Data Collection: Interview method.
Pre-test: Pretesting will be conducted in 10% of the total
sample population that is n=237 among the postnatal
mother visiting NMCTH
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Validity and Reliability of the tool:
The content validity of the instrument will be maintained by
consulting with research advisor, subject experts and
different literature review.
Cronbach’s alpha correlation test will be used to test internal
consistency of tool.
Data Processing and Analysis:
Data processing will be done using SPSS (Statistical
Package for Social Science) software version 16. Mean,
percentage and frequency will be used for data analysis,
Chi-square will be used for association of different socio-
demographic variables with the knowledge regarding
Postnatal care .
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Ethical Considerations :

1. Ethical approval will be obtained from NMC-IRC.

2. Permission will be taken from NMCTH for conducting research.

3. Verbal and written consent will be taken from all the participants

before data collection and confidentiality of the study participants

will be maintained.

4. The participants could withdraw from the study at any time

without giving reason and without fear.

5. Anonymity will be maintained by using numerical codes for each

participants. 20
Delimitation :
 Only one hospital will be included, thus study cannot be
generalized.
 Non-probability sampling technique will be used.

Dissemination Plan:
Oral form:
 Oral or poster presentation at conferences, seminars,
workshop when possible

Written form:
 Research report will be submitted to department, review
committee, hospital and library.
 Research will be published in peer-reviewed journals if
accepted. 21
Work plan

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 Budget Plan
S.No Items Unit cost Total Amount
(Rs)
1
Printing Rs 5/page 5×300 1500
2
Photocopies Rs 3/page 3×500 1500
3
Phone calls 2-4/min   500
 
Transportation     500
4
Stationary     500

5
Binding Rs : for tape 2×30 1,260
binding /
 
each
 
Rs 300: for
hard cover 300 x 4
binding  
/each
 
 
 
Grand total 5260 23
Questionnaire

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 Reference :
1. Organization, W. H. (2019). Maternal mortality. World Health
Organization.

2. pariyar, s. (2016). knowledge and practice regarding postnatal care among

mothers residing in selected slum area of dharan, Nepal . international journal
of health and medicine vol (1), 15.

3. Keithellakpam Memchoubi, A. K. (2017). A study to assess the knowledge

of postnatal mothers regarding self-care after childbirth in Bharati hospital
and research centre, Pune. International Journal of Applied Research.

4. BC Chembe1, S. S. (2017). Level of knowledge on postnatal care and its

associated factors in Ndola, Zambia. Ndola, Zambia: semanticscholar.

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 Contd…
5. Muna Maharjan, B. S. (2017). Knowledge Regarding Postnatal
Care Among Postnatal Mother: A Hospital Based Study.
International Journal of New Technology and Research(IJNTR).

6. P. Kavitha, R. A. (2012). A STUDY TO ASSESS THE

KNOWLEDGE REGARDING POSTNATAL CARE AMONG THE
POSTNATAL MOTHERS . International Journal of Current
Pharmaceutical & Clinical Research .

7. Pradhan (Thaiba) A, R. U. (2017). KNOWLEDGE AND

PRACTICE ON SELECTED ASPECTS OF POSTNATAL CARE
AMONG POSTNATAL MOTHERS. Bangalore: researchgate.

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Thank you

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