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ENGL2

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Models of Communication

 are systematic representations of the


process which helps in understanding
how communication works can be
done.
1. Linear Model
2. Transactional Model
3. Interactive Model
Models of Communication

1. Linear Model
is a simple one way communication
model. The message flows in a
straight line from sender to the
receiver. There is no concept of
feedback. The only task of a receiver
does here is to receive the message.
Linear Model
Linear Model
Linear Model

Shannon
Weaver
Explanation of Shannon Weaver Model

 An information source, which


produces a message.
 A transmitter, which encodes the

message into signals


 A channel, to which signals are

adapted for transmission


Explanation of Shannon Weaver Model

 A noise source, which distorts the signal


while it propagates through the channel
 A receiver, which ‘decodes’

(reconstructs) the message from the


signal.
 A destination, where the message

arrives.
Linear Model
Berlos’s SMCR Model
 Sender – is the source of the message or the
person who originates the message.
Factors related to the sender:
1. Communication skills

2. Attitudes

3. Knowledge

4. Social system

5. Culture
Berlos’s SMCR Model
 Message – is the substance that is being sent
by the sender to the receiver. It might be a
form of voice, text, video or other media.
Factors affecting the message:
1. Content 4. Structure
2. Elements 5. Code
3. Treatment
Berlos’s SMCR Model
 Channel – is the medium used to send the
message, like telephone, internet, etc. But in
general communication, the five senses of a
human being is the channel for the
communication flow and it affects the
effectiveness of the channel.
1. Hearing 3. Touching 5. Tasting
2. Seeing 4. Smelling
Berlos’s SMCR Model

Receiver – is the person who gets the message


sent in the process.
Factors related to the receiver:
1. Communication skills

2. Attitudes

3. Knowledge

4. Social system

5. Culture
Models of Communication
2. Transactional Model
sender and receivers both are known as
communicators and both play equally
important role in communication.
Transactional model relates
communication with social reality, cultural
upbringing and relational context.
Helical Model
Barnlund Model
Beckers Mosaic Model
Models of Communication

3. Interactive Model
also known as convergence model, it is
similar to transactional as they both two way
communication model. But, interactive
model is mostly used to new media like
internet. Here, people can respond to any
mass communication like videos, news, etc.
People can exchange their views and ideas.
Schramm’s Model
Features of Effective Communication

1. Completeness
2. Conciseness
3. Consideration
4. Concreteness
5. Courtesy
6. Clearness
7. Correctness
Features of Effective Communication

1. Completeness
Complete communication is essential to
the quality of the communication process
in general. Hence, communication should
include everything that the receiver
needs to hear for him/her to respond,
react, or evaluate properly.
Features of Effective Communication

2. Conciseness
Conciseness does not mean keeping the
message short but making it direct or
straight to the point. Insignificant or
redundant information should be
eliminated from the communication
that will be sent to the recipient.
Features of Effective Communication

3. Consideration
To be effective, the speaker should always
consider relevant information about
his/her receiver such as mood, background,
race, preference, education, status, needs,
among others. By doing so, he/she can
easily build rapport with the audience.
Features of Effective Communication

4. Concreteness
Effective communication happens
when the message is concrete and
supported by facts, figures, and real-
life examples and situations. In this
case, the receiver is more connected
to the message conveyed.
Features of Effective Communication

5. Courtesy
The speaker shows courtesy in
communication by respecting the
culture, values, and beliefs of his/her
receivers. Being courteous all the
time creates a positive impact on the
audience.
Features of Effective Communication

6. Clearness
Clearness in communication implies
the use of simple and specific words
to express ideas. It is also achieved
when the speaker focuses only on a
single objectives in his/her speech so
as not to confuse the audience.
Features of Effective Communication

7. Correctness
Correctness in grammar
eliminates negative impact on the
audience and increases the
credibility and effectiveness of the
message.

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