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    Glaucoma: by Tekia Buntyn

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    Tekia Buntyn
    Glaucoma is a disease that damages the optic nerve and leads to irreversible vision loss. It is often associated with increased fluid pressure in the eye. There are two main types: open-angle glaucoma, which accounts for 90% of cases in the US and has no pain or acute attacks, and closed-angle glaucoma, which accounts for less than 10% of cases in the US but more in other nations. Risk factors include family history, age, ethnicity, and eye pressure. Treatment focuses on lowering pressure through eye drops, laser surgery, drainage implants, or trabeculectomy to help prevent further vision loss.

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    Glaucoma: by Tekia Buntyn

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    Tekia Buntyn
    70 views18 pages
    Glaucoma is a disease that damages the optic nerve and leads to irreversible vision loss. It is often associated with increased fluid pressure in the eye. There are two main types: open-angle glaucoma, which accounts for 90% of cases in the US and has no pain or acute attacks, and closed-angle glaucoma, which accounts for less than 10% of cases in the US but more in other nations. Risk factors include family history, age, ethnicity, and eye pressure. Treatment focuses on lowering pressure through eye drops, laser surgery, drainage implants, or trabeculectomy to help prevent further vision loss.

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    Glaucoma

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    Glaucoma is a disease that damages the optic nerve and leads to irreversible vision loss. It is often associated with increased fluid pressure in the eye. There are two main types: open-angle glaucoma, which accounts for 90% of cases in the US and has no pain or acute attacks, and closed-angle glaucoma, which accounts for less than 10% of cases in the US but more in other nations. Risk factors include family history, age, ethnicity, and eye pressure. Treatment focuses on lowering pressure through eye drops, laser surgery, drainage implants, or trabeculectomy to help prevent further vision loss.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    70 views18 pages

    Glaucoma: by Tekia Buntyn

    Uploaded by

    Tekia Buntyn
    Glaucoma is a disease that damages the optic nerve and leads to irreversible vision loss. It is often associated with increased fluid pressure in the eye. There are two main types: open-angle glaucoma, which accounts for 90% of cases in the US and has no pain or acute attacks, and closed-angle glaucoma, which accounts for less than 10% of cases in the US but more in other nations. Risk factors include family history, age, ethnicity, and eye pressure. Treatment focuses on lowering pressure through eye drops, laser surgery, drainage implants, or trabeculectomy to help prevent further vision loss.

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    You are on page 1of 18

    GLAUCOMA

    BY TEKIA BUNTYN
    WHAT IS GLAUCOMA?
    Glaucoma is a disease in which the optic nerve is damaged, leading to
    progressive, irreversible loss of vision. It is often, but not always, associated
    with increased pressure of the fluid in the eye.
    GLAUCOMA #1
    Glaucoma can be divided roughly into two main categories, "open angle"
    and "closed angle" glaucoma
    GLAUCOMA #2
    Glaucoma has been nicknamed the "silent thief of sight" because the loss of
    vision normally occurs gradually over a long period of time and is often only
    recognized when the disease is quite advanced.
    Once lost, this damaged visual field cannot be recovered.
    SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
    There are two main types of glaucoma: open-angle
    glaucoma and closed-angle glaucoma.
    Open-angle glaucoma accounts for 90% of glaucoma
    cases in the United States. It is painless and does not have
    acute attacks. The only signs are gradually progressive
    visual field loss, and optic nerve changes.
    Closed-angle glaucoma accounts for less than 10% of
    glaucoma cases in the United States, but as much as half
    of glaucoma cases in other nations.
    ACUTE ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA
    CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS #1
    Ocular hypertension (increased pressure within
    the eye) is the largest risk factor in most
    glaucoma, but in some populations only 50% of
    patients with primary open angle glaucoma
    actually have elevated ocular pressure.
    Those of African descent are three times more
    likely to develop primary open angle glaucoma.
    People with a family history of glaucoma have
    about six percent chance of developing glaucoma.
    CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS #2
    Other factors can cause glaucoma, known as
    "secondary glaucomas“
    including prolonged use of steroids
    conditions that severely restrict blood flow to the
    eye, such as severe diabetic retinopathy and
    central retinal vein occlusion
    ocular trauma
    uveitis- inflammation of the uvea
    NORMAL VISION
    VISION LOSS FROM GLAUCOMA
    DIAGNOSIS
    Screening for glaucoma is usually performed as part of a standard eye
    examination

    Testing for glaucoma should include


    measurements of the intraocular pressure,
    changes in size or shape of the eye, anterior
    chamber angle examination, and examination of
    the optic nerve to look for any visible damage to
    it, or change in the cup-to-disc ratio
    MANAGEMENT
    The modern goals of glaucoma management are
    to avoid glaucomatous damage, nerve damage,
    preserve visual field and total quality of life for
    patients with minimal side effects.
    Although intraocular pressure is only one of the
    major risk factors for glaucoma, lowering it via
    various pharmaceuticals and/or surgical
    techniques is currently the mainstay of glaucoma
    treatment.
    MEDICATION
    Intraocular pressure can be lowered with medication, usually eye drops.

    Each of these medicines may have local and


    systemic side effects.
    Adherence to medication protocol can be
    confusing and expensive; if side effects occur, the
    patient must be willing either to tolerate these, or
    to communicate with the treating physician to
    improve the drug regimen
    SURGERY #1
    Canaloplasty is a nonpenetrating procedure
    utilizing microcatheter technology. To perform a
    canaloplasty, an incision is made into the eye to
    gain access to Schlemm's canal
    A microcatheter will circumnavigate the canal
    around the iris, enlarging the main drainage
    channel and its smaller collector channels through
    the injection of a sterile, gel-like material called
    viscoelastic. The catheter is then removed and a
    suture is placed within the canal and tightened
    SURGERY #2
    Laser Surgery may be used to treat open angle glaucoma. It is a temporary
    solution, not a cure.
    An argon laser spot is aimed at the trabecular meshwork to stimulate
    opening of the mesh to allow more outflow of fluid
    SURGERY # 3
    Trabeculectomy - a
    partial thickness flap is made in the
    scleral wall of the eye, and a window opening
    made under the flap to remove a portion of the
    trabecular meshwork.
    • The scleral flap is then sutured loosely back in place
    SURGERY # 4
    Glaucoma drainage implants
    • The flow tube is inserted into the anterior chamber of the
    eye and the plate is implanted underneath the conjunctiva
    to allow flow of fluid out of the eye into a chamber called a
    bleb
    • These are indicated for glaucoma patients not responding
    to maximal medical therapy
    THE END

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