Innovations in Civil Engineering
Innovations in Civil Engineering
Innovations in Civil Engineering
Engineering
• With overcrowding, resource demands are increased, and as cities
grow, urban environments may face more pressure in their attempts
to provide large urban populations with sustainable supportive
infrastructures like food, water, and safe roads. Advanced civil
engineers are needed now more than ever to provide solutions to
these critical issues; below are several developing innovations
currently being used around the world to improve socio-
environmental sustainability.
Plastic Roads
• India’s government began experimenting with plastic roads during the
early 2000s, with waste plastic being used as a construction material.
• Jambulingam Street in Chennai—one of the first plastic roads
• As of 2015, any Indian city with a population of at least 500,000 is
required to construct their roads using waste plastic as a core
material, in efforts to promote greater pollution control and
environmental sustainability for Indian communities.
Green Roof Systems
• The Environmental Protection Agency defines a green roof as a “vegetative
layer grown on a rooftop.” Today, green roof systems have become popular all
over the world, not only for their beauty, but also for the benefits they
provide toward environmental sustainability.
• Germany is currently leading the world in green roof technologies, and they
have implemented green roofing systems on approximately 10% of German
homes since the technology emerged in the early 1970s. Civil engineers are
responsible for ensuring that the green roof’s supportive infrastructure—for
instance, a comprehensive watering system—is engineered to consistently
deliver an appropriate amount of resources, and the roof itself must be
designed to effectively provide working improvements to environmental
sustainability.
Eco Floating Homes
• practical living spaces that sit upon the water
• The homes are designed to resist floods by floating on top of water
using a foundation of concrete and Styrofoam, which makes them
virtually unsinkable.
Vertical Farming
• Using multistory high-rises to grow food is known as “vertical farming,” and
The Association for Vertical Farming has found that, when compared with
traditional agricultural methods, growing food indoors uses 98 percent less
water and 70 percent less fertilizer on average.
• Many entrepreneurs and scientists are currently evaluating how growing
food inside of buildings coincides with improving social and environmental
sustainability. Vertical farms also have higher yields than traditional farms,
allowing the production of more food, using far less urban space. Significant
progress in the study of vertical farming could lead to improved food
diversity, especially for residents of population-dense urban areas and in
places that are normally unable to grow produce using traditional methods.
Rainwater Harvesting
• a climate adaptation strategy that has been used in many ancient and
modern societies.
• The antiquated rainwater harvesting techniques of the past were
attempts to cope with severe climate conditions by storing the water
as it fell, allowing populations to drink the water or prevent
oversaturation of the land during extreme precipitation. Modern
rainwater harvesting is fundamentally the same in theory, but
advancements in science and engineering have introduced
sophisticated filtration and rain-capturing technologies that boost the
efficiency of the process.
• Large cities often come with many social benefits, but there will
always be disadvantages to having large populations that are
constricted to a finite amount of space. Ensuring that humans can live
sustainably in highly populated urban environments requires creative
solutions to infrastructural issues like road safety, housing crises, and
food and water shortages. An advanced degree in civil engineering
will provide an individual with an in-depth understanding of the
environmental, structural, and infrastructural engineering knowledge
required to work with the civil engineering innovations listed above