A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

ON EDUCATION
AND
JOB MISMATCH
IN THE LOCALITY
OF SUBIC
New Graduates that will be added to ranks of 11 million
unemployed Filipino
13%

87%
Rationale
Research
Questions
1.What is the demographic profile
of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Gender
1.2 Age
1.3 Course Taken
1.4 Current Job
2. What are the factors that
influence to the respondents in
choosing their course in terms of:
2.1 Financial
2.2 Family
2.3 Peer Preference
2.4 Personal Choice
2.5 Availability
2.6 In-demand
3. What are the reasons of that
influence the respondents in a
mismatched job?
3.1 Worker Skills/Competencies
3.2 Company/Employer Factors
3.3 Personal and Environmental Factors
3.4 Job Availability
3.5 Lack of Career Information
4. What are the percentage of the
respondents of the college
graduates with job but not related
with the course taken?
Significance of
the Study
 Students
 Parents
 Educators
 Educational Institutions
 The Government
 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
Research
Approach

e y
r v h
u
S ea r c
e s
R

Quantitative Research
Research
Locale
 The researchers’
will proceed to
survey those
respondents
They going to
ask for the
permission if
Select 20 they are willing
respondents to be one of
from
Municipality
our
of Subic participants in
this study
 Sampling Technique

1. The respondents 2. The respondents 3. The respondents

must be graduated must be a residents must be working less
of any four years of Subic. than five years.
course.
Statistical Analysis
 ?
Research Instrument

e (1 )
g re
g ly Disa
Str on
e (2 )
agr e
atel y Di s
e r
Mod
e e( 3)
Ag r

ee ( 4)
t el y Agr
e ra
M od
re e (5)
ly Ag
trong
Name:
Age: Gender:
Course Taken:
Current Job:
  likert’s scale
Factors that influence in choosing the course as to
FINANCES 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. My parents can’t send me to other colleges or universities

         
that my course are available due to financial reasons.

2. I have to consider our family status since I am the bread

         
winner.

3. I don’t want to feel the financial pressure regarding the

         
payments for my college expenses.

4. I consider the expenses of other members of our family.          

Factors that influence in choosing the course as to FAMILY 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. My parents are the one who chose this and I respect their
         
decision.

2. This is the profession of our family and I want to follow their

         
footstep.

3. I am encouraged by my siblings/family.          

4. I feel the expectations and pressure that I should take this

         
course because this is what they dream for me.
Factors that influence in choosing the course as to PEER
PREFERENCE 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. My friends encourage me to choose this course.          

2. My friends took it up as their bachelor’s degree.          

3. I am inspired with the job of my sibling’s friend/co-

         
worker.

4. My friends and I decided to take or enroll in the same

         
course.
Factors that influence in choosing the course as
to PERSONAL CHOICE 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. This is my childhood dream.          

2. I strictly follow my own decision.          

3. I want to challenge myself.          

4. My preference of course is a reflection of

what I am passionate about, interested with and          
related to my skills and talents.
Factors that influence in choosing the course
as to AVAILABILITY 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. I feel the possibility or chances of landing

         
in job near my residency.

2. It is the only course in my selected schools.          

3. I considered the availability of the course

         
in our community/local colleges.

4. My chosen course is the degree closest to

         
my original or first choice.
Factors that influence in choosing the course as to
IN-DEMAND 1 2 3 4 5
I chose this course because:

1. The availability of job in the future affects my

         
choice of course.

2. This is the course where there are a lot of

         
opportunities or job openings.

3. I am aware of the available opportunity at my

         
locality after I graduate.

4. I chose this course because the course is in-

         
demand.
Reason for Career Mismatch 1 2 3 4 5
1. No connection (backer) of getting the job          
2. No interest of getting the job          
3. Family situation prevents me from working          
4. Adequacy of knowledge and skills          
5. Pre-employment interviews          
6. No previous experience on the position applied for          
7. Lack of training and work experience          
8. Lack of self-confidence          
9. Communication skills          
10. Frequent turnover of employees          
11. Strict regulations of the company          
12. Outsourcing of companies          
13. Not good work environment          
14. No benefits/ incentives          
15. Universities discrimination          
16. Proximity to residence          
17. Health Restrictions          
18. Peer influence          
19. Popularity of work          
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 5%
Age Range Gender 40%
23 Years Old and Below
50% Female
24 Years old – 30 Years Old Male 60%
45%
31 Years old and Above
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.1

10% Length of employability 10%

20% Figure 1.4

45% Less than 1 year
1 – 2 years Match 90%
2 – 3 years
5% Mismatch
3 – 4 years
20%
Figure 1.3
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Financial
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1.
My parents can’t send me to
Factors that influence the
other colleges or universities that
my preferred course are available
Respondents in choosing the
due to financial reasons. course

STATEMENT 2. 3

I have to consider our family 2.5

status since I am the bread winner. 2

1.5

STATEMENT 3. 1

I don’t want to feel the financial 0.5

pressure regarding the payments for 0

my college expenses. Financial

STATEMENT 4. Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
I consider the expenses of other Statement 4
members of our family.
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

1.9
1.85
1.8
1.75
1.7
1.65
1.6
1.55
1.5
1.45
Family
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1.
My parents are the one who Factors that influence the
chose this and I respect their Respondents in choosing the
decision. course
STATEMENT 2.
1.9
This is the profession of our 1.85
family and I want to follow their 1.8
footstep. 1.75
1.7
STATEMENT 3. 1.65
1.6
I am encouraged by my 1.55
siblings/family. 1.5
1.45
STATEMENT 4. Family
I feel the expectations and
pressure that I should take this Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
course because this is what they Statement 4
dream for me.
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

2.5
2.45
2.4
2.35
2.3
2.25
2.2
2.15
2.1
2.05
Peer Preference
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1. Factors that influence the
My friends encourage me to Respondents in choosing the
choose this course. course
STATEMENT 2.
My friends took it up as their 2.5
2.45
bachelor’s degree. 2.4
2.35
STATEMENT 3. 2.3
I am inspired with the job of 2.25
2.2
my sibling’s friend/co-worker. 2.15
2.1
2.05
STATEMENT 4. Peer Preference
My friends and I decided to
take or enroll in the same course.
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Personal Choice
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1. Factors that influence the
This is my childhood dream.
Respondents in choosing the
course
STATEMENT 2.
I strictly follow my own 4
decision. 3.5
3
STATEMENT 3. 2.5
I want to challenge myself. 2
1.5
1
STATEMENT 4. 0.5
My preference of course is a 0

reflection of what I am passionate Personal Choice

about, interested with and related
to my skills and talents. Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Availability
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1.
I feel the possibility or chances Factors that influence the
of landing in job near my Respondents in choosing the
residency. course
STATEMENT 2.
3.5
It is the only course in my
3
selected schools.
2.5
STATEMENT 3. 2
I considered the availability of 1.5
the course in our community/local 1
0.5
colleges.
0
STATEMENT 4. Availability
My chosen course is the degree
closest to my original or first Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
choice. Statement 4
 Factors that influence the
Respondents in choosing the
course

3.7
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.1
3
In-demand
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4
STATEMENT 1.
The availability of job in the Factors that influence the
future affects my choice of course. Respondents in choosing the
course
STATEMENT 2.
3.7
This is the course where there
3.6
are a lot of opportunities or job
3.5
openings. 3.4
STATEMENT 3. 3.3
I am aware of the available 3.2
3.1
opportunity at my locality after I
3
graduate.
In-demand
STATEMENT 4.
I chose this course because the Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
course is in-demand. Statement 4
 Factors that Respondents influence in choos-
ing the course
4 3.55
3.38
3.5
3 2.75
2.54
2.33
2.5
2 1.74

1.5
1
0.5
0
l y e y
a il ce c t d
ci m en oi i li a n
an a er h b
em
i n F f l C ila d
F re na va -
r
P o A In
e r s
Pe P e
 Reasons for Career Mismatch

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Worker Skills/Competencies

Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
STATEMENT 1 Reasons for Career Mismatch
Communication skills
STATEMENT 2
Lack of self-confidence
4
STATEMENT 3 3.5
Lack of training and work 3
experience 2.5
2
STATEMENT 4 1.5
Adequacy of knowledge and 1
skills 0.5
0
STATEMENT 5
Worker Skills/Competencies
Critical thinking
STATEMENT 6
Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
No previous experience on the
position applied for. Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
 Reasons for Career Mismatch

4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Company/Employer Factors

Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
STATEMENT 1
Have benefits/ incentives Reasons for Career Mismatch
STATEMENT 2
Have a good work environment
4.5
4
STATEMENT 3
3.5
Strict regulations of the 3
company. 2.5
2
STATEMENT 4 1.5
1
Outsourcing of companies. 0.5
STATEMENT 5 0

Shifting Policy Company/Employer Factors

STATEMENT 6
Frequent turnover of employees Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
 Reasons for Career Mismatch

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Personal & Environmental Factors

Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
STATEMENT 1 Reasons for Career Mismatch
Family situation prevents me
from working.
STATEMENT 2
Peer influence. 3
2.5
STATEMENT 3
Proximity to residence. 2
1.5
STATEMENT 4
1
Health Restrictions
0.5
STATEMENT 5 0
No interest of getting the job Personal & Environmental Factors

STATEMENT 6 Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

This is related to what I really Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
want to be.
 Reasons for Career Mismatch

4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Job Availability

Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
STATEMENT 1
Popularity of work
Reasons for Career Mismatch
STATEMENT 2
This is the job that are available
in place.
STATEMENT 3 4
The job is in demand in the 3.5
locality. 3
2.5
STATEMENT 4 2
This is the only job in this 1.5
community. 1
0.5
STATEMENT 5 0
This is the job that I can easily Job Availability
apply to and get hired.
STATEMENT 6 Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
This is the nearest job at home. Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
 Reasons for Career Mismatch

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Lack of career Information

Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3

Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
STATEMENT 1
Unclear labor market
Reasons for Career Mismatch
information
STATEMENT 2
Low awareness of career
STATEMENT 3 3
Lack of professional approach. 2.5
2
STATEMENT 4 1.5
Limited knowledge about course 1
taken. 0.5
STATEMENT 5
0
Lack of information in entering Lack of career Information
work force.
STATEMENT 6
Information about the available Statement 1 Statement 2 Statement 3
jobs are not disseminated well. Statement 4 Statement 5 Statement 6
 Reasons of Career Mismatch
3.5 3.08
2.95 3.05
3
2.38
2.5 2.13
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
s rs rs ty n
ie o o il i io
nc a ct a ct b at
t e
rF lF il a rm
pe a a o
m ye t Av nf
Co pl
o en b r I
s / nm Jo ee
il l Em ro r
k y /
vi Ca
rS pa
n
En of
rke m d ck
o o an La
W C l
na
rso
Pe
 1. Majority of the
M
an ajor
be d w ity o
low ith f
. i n t t he
he re
respondents are female
(60%) and within the age
ag spo
M e r nd
a n en
are ajor ge ts
wi fem ity o of are
23 f e
ye thin al f th ye m a
ar t e e ars le
s o h e (6 0 re
l d ag %) po s old (60%
an e r

range of 23 years old and

n an )
d b an and den d
elo ge ts
w. of 2
3

below.
 2. The main factor that
M
an ajor
be d w ity o
low ith f
influences the
respondents in choosing
. i n t t he
he re
ag spo
M e r nd
a n en
are ajor ge ts
wi fem ity o of are
23 f e
ye thin al f th ye m a
ar t e e ars le
s o h e (6 0 re

their course is because of

l d ag %) po s old (60%
an e r n an )
d b an and den d
elo ge ts
w. of 2
3

being in-demand.
 3. Job availability is the
primary factor for career
mismatch in the locality
M
an ajor
be d w ity o
low ith f
. i n t t he
he re
ag spo
M e r nd
a n en
are ajor ge ts

of Subic. It illustrates that

wi fem ity o of are
23 f e
ye thin al f th ye m a
ar t e e ars le
s o h e (6 0 re
l d ag %) po s old (60%
an e r n an )
d b an and den d
elo ge ts
w. of 2

in choosing their course,

3

they considered the

course that is in demand.
 4. There is a mismatch between
in-demand courses and in-
demand jobs. The respondents
M
an ajor
be d w ity o
low ith f
. i n t t he
chose the course thinking that
it is in-demand and they won’t
he re
ag spo
M e r nd
a n en
are ajor ge ts
wi fem ity o of are
23 f e
ye thin al f th ye m a
ar t e e ars le
s o h e (6 0 re

have difficulty looking for jobs.

l d ag %) po s old (60%
an e r n an )
d b an and den d
elo ge ts
w. of 2
3

However, when they graduated

from their chosen course, they
still struggle in getting a job
because the course that they
took is not in-demand.
 5. The primary reason why
graduates are working in jobs
M
an ajor
not matched to their course is
because their current job are
be d w ity o
low ith f
. i n t t he
he re
ag spo
M e r nd
a n en
are ajor ge ts

the only job that available or in

wi fem ity o of are
23 f e
ye thin al f th ye m a
ar t e e ars le
s o h e (6 0 re
l d ag %) po s old (60%
an e r n an )
d b an and den d
elo ge ts

demand in the locality. Some of

w. of 2
3

them are because of the

company/employers factors
and the worker
skills/competencies.
 Recommendation
1. If you have a lot of time in doing your
data gathering, you better get the list of
the graduates in a particular college
institution in a certain year. We are
now living in technology base you can
find those graduates students in using
social media. Randomly, pick a sample
population and ask them for their
course taken and their current job to
know if still have a lot of job mismatch
in the locality (the more graduates that
response, the better). Then from those
respondents you choose even just a few
of them to do the interview and actual
survey them.
Recommendation
2. The researcher also recommend
that if you do the same research, it
is better if you continue or do this
topic when there’s a graduates of
college who under the curriculum
of K to 12. Continue this research if
the first batch of college graduates
from the curriculum of K to 12 are
working one year after they
graduated to know if there’s a
changes or development about the
job mismatch.
Research by:

Jamaica
Mary Joy
Pamintuan
Arbizo
Paul
ReglaYou For
Thank