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    Castor Floral Biology

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    Vishal Kuntal
    This document provides information about castor (Ricinus communis L.). It belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is an annual or perennial oilseed crop originally from East Africa. It is a cross-pollinated crop grown in both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the kharif season. Its inflorescence is a raceme containing unisexual flowers, with male flowers at the base and female flowers at the top. The fruit is a spherical, dry, dehiscent capsule containing three cocci with one seed each. Pollination is primarily cross-pollination due to protogyny, but some self-pollination can occur. Isolation distances

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    Castor Floral Biology

    Uploaded by

    Vishal Kuntal
    368 views16 pages
    This document provides information about castor (Ricinus communis L.). It belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is an annual or perennial oilseed crop originally from East Africa. It is a cross-pollinated crop grown in both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the kharif season. Its inflorescence is a raceme containing unisexual flowers, with male flowers at the base and female flowers at the top. The fruit is a spherical, dry, dehiscent capsule containing three cocci with one seed each. Pollination is primarily cross-pollination due to protogyny, but some self-pollination can occur. Isolation distances

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    castor floral biology

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    This document provides information about castor (Ricinus communis L.). It belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is an annual or perennial oilseed crop originally from East Africa. It is a cross-pollinated crop grown in both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the kharif season. Its inflorescence is a raceme containing unisexual flowers, with male flowers at the base and female flowers at the top. The fruit is a spherical, dry, dehiscent capsule containing three cocci with one seed each. Pollination is primarily cross-pollination due to protogyny, but some self-pollination can occur. Isolation distances

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    368 views16 pages

    Castor Floral Biology

    Uploaded by

    Vishal Kuntal
    This document provides information about castor (Ricinus communis L.). It belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is an annual or perennial oilseed crop originally from East Africa. It is a cross-pollinated crop grown in both rainfed and irrigated conditions during the kharif season. Its inflorescence is a raceme containing unisexual flowers, with male flowers at the base and female flowers at the top. The fruit is a spherical, dry, dehiscent capsule containing three cocci with one seed each. Pollination is primarily cross-pollination due to protogyny, but some self-pollination can occur. Isolation distances

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    VISHAL

    Reg. No.: 471488772


    Dept.: Seed Science & Technology
    Kuntalvishal@hau.ac.in
    CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
    Scientific classification

    • Kingdom : Plantae
    • Family: Euphorbiaceae
    • Genus : Ricinus L.
    • Species : R. communis

    Common name
    Castor ¼vj.M½
    Binomial name
    Ricinus communis L. ¼vj.M½
    Chromosomal No.
    2n = 20
    Important Points

    • Castor is a cross - pollinated crop


    • Annual or perennial oilseed crop
    • Origin: East Africa
    • Sown in Kharif season
    • Thrive well in Rainfed as well as irrigated conditions
    Inflorescence
    Capsule
    • Inflorescence is Raceme

    • Inflorescences are borne on the


    main, lateral and tertiary branches

    • Incomplete flower

    • Inflorescence on the main stem is


    known as primary candle or spike
    • Spike consists of unisexual flowers,
    male flowers known as staminates
    which are grouped at the base

    • Female flower known as pistillars /


    pistillate and are located on the upper
    part of the inflorescence

    • There are no sepals or petals

    • Perianth is present

    • i.e. the plant is monoecious


    • Bright red structure with
    feathery branches (stigma lobes)
    that receives pollen from male
    flowers
    • Stigma is divided into 3
    branches towards its upper
    portion.
    • Each one is further divided into
    2-pink fleshy lobes with
    papillate surface.
    • Ovary is covered usually with fleshy, green spiky
    outgrowth. (which develops into the fruit or seed capsule)
    Anthesis and Mode of Pollination

    • Castor is a cross pollinating plant but unlike other cross


    pollinating plant, it is inclined towards some amount of self-
    pollination.

    • The female flowers open before the male flowers and hence
    there is a large degree of cross-pollination. (Protogyny)
    Fruit
    • Type of Fruit is Simple, Dry and Dehiscent
    • The fruits are spherical capsules which become hard and
    brittle.
    • The seed capsule has thick walls, is spiny and contains 3
    coci. Each cocus contains one seed.
    • Period of opening of male flower is longer than that of
    female flower.
    • The flowering period of one flower lasts for one to two
    days.
    • The flight of pollen is observed from 7-8 a.m. to 6-7 p.m. in
    the evening, but the most intensive flight occurs from 9 a.m.
    to 1-2 p.m.
    • Anthers open quickly at this time forming a pollen cloud.
    • The pollen of castor retains its viability for a long time.

    • The viability of fresh collected pollen is around 80 %;


    within two days of storage under room condition

    • it is lowered to 75 %; within five days

    • after 20 days it becomes 25%.


    Artificial pollination:

    • Emasculation is not required because the species is


    monoecious.
    • Before application of pollen, the raceme on which the
    female flower is located should be carefully checked and
    any interspersed staminate on hermaphroditic flowers
    removed.
    • When stigma are well exposed, the pistillate flowers can
    easily be pollinated by dusting pollen on the stigmatic
    branches.
    • The raceme is covered with a bag immediately after pollen
    is applied.
    Isolation Distance

    Varietal
    • at least 600 m from foundation seed
    class and 300 meters for certified seed class.
    Hybrid
    • at least 1000 m from foundation seed
    class and 300 meters for certified seed class.
    SYMBOL OF TRUST

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