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    Reservoir Drive Mechanisms

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    Hasnain Tariq
    The document discusses various reservoir drive mechanisms that supply energy to move hydrocarbons towards production wells. It describes primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery stages. Primary recovery relies on natural reservoir energy like solution gas drive, gas cap drive, and water drive. Secondary recovery improves on primary through water and gas flooding. Tertiary or enhanced oil recovery uses thermal methods like steam injection or chemical processes to extract additional oil left after primary and secondary recovery.

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    Reservoir Drive Mechanisms

    Uploaded by

    Hasnain Tariq
    50 views22 pages
    The document discusses various reservoir drive mechanisms that supply energy to move hydrocarbons towards production wells. It describes primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery stages. Primary recovery relies on natural reservoir energy like solution gas drive, gas cap drive, and water drive. Secondary recovery improves on primary through water and gas flooding. Tertiary or enhanced oil recovery uses thermal methods like steam injection or chemical processes to extract additional oil left after primary and secondary recovery.

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    Reservoir Drive Mechanisms (1)

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    The document discusses various reservoir drive mechanisms that supply energy to move hydrocarbons towards production wells. It describes primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery stages. Primary recovery relies on natural reservoir energy like solution gas drive, gas cap drive, and water drive. Secondary recovery improves on primary through water and gas flooding. Tertiary or enhanced oil recovery uses thermal methods like steam injection or chemical processes to extract additional oil left after primary and secondary recovery.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    50 views22 pages

    Reservoir Drive Mechanisms

    Uploaded by

    Hasnain Tariq
    The document discusses various reservoir drive mechanisms that supply energy to move hydrocarbons towards production wells. It describes primary, secondary, and tertiary recovery stages. Primary recovery relies on natural reservoir energy like solution gas drive, gas cap drive, and water drive. Secondary recovery improves on primary through water and gas flooding. Tertiary or enhanced oil recovery uses thermal methods like steam injection or chemical processes to extract additional oil left after primary and secondary recovery.

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    Reservoir Drive

    Mechanisms
    Outline

    ▪ Definition of Reservoir Drive Mechanism


    ▪ Types of Reservoir Drive Mechanisms
    ▪ Primary Recovery
    ▪ Drive Mechanisms in Primary Recovery
    ▪ Secondary Recovery & its Drive Mechanisms
    ▪ Tertiary Recovery(EOR) & its Mechanisms
    Reservoir Drive

    It supplies energy that moves the hydrocarbons located in a


    reservoir toward the wellbore as fluid is removed near the wellbore.
    Types of Reservoir Drive Mechanism

    Recovery of hydrocarbons from an oil reservoir is commonly recognized


    to occur in several recovery stages .We use following mechanisms in
    these stages :

    ▪Primary recovery
    ▪Secondary recovery
    ▪Tertiary recovery (Enhanced Oil Recovery, EOR)
    Primary Recovery

    ▪ Natural energy of the reservoir works as Drive


    ▪ Expansion of original reservoir fluids
    ▪ Natural energy is determined by Production data (Reservoir
    Pressure and Fluid production Ratios)
    Drive Mechanisms in Primary Recovery

     Solution Gas Drive


     Gas Cap Drive
     Water Drive
    Solution Gas Drive Mechanism

     Reservoir rock surrounded by impermeable barrier.


     At the start of Production, expansion of dissolved gases occur.
     Change in fluid volume results in production of Reservoir
    fluids.
    Oil Recovery from Solution Gas Drive
    Reservoirs

    Dissolved gas reservoirs


    typically recover between 5
    and 25% OIIP and 60 to
    reservoir 80% GIIP.
    pressure
    (psig)
    Gas Cap
    Drive
     Expansion of already present Gas Cap above the reservoir .

     Decrease in pressure during the production, expansion of Gas cap occur.

     As production continues, the gas cap expands pushing the gas-oil contact
    (GOC) downwards.
     Better than Solution gas drive .
     The recovery of gas cap reservoirs is better than for solution drive reservoirs
    (20% to 40% OOIP).
    Water Drive Mechanism
     Reservoir bounded by aquifers.
     During Pressure Depletion, the compressed water expands
    and overflow towards reservoir.
     Invading water, drives the oil towards producing wells.
     Water influx acts to mitigate the Pressure Decline.
     Oil recovery from water drive reservoirs typically ranges
    from 35 to 75% of the original oil in place
    Secondary Recovery

    Results from human intervention in the reservoir to improve recovery


    after the low efficiencies of Natural / Primary Drive mechanisms.
    Two techniques are commonly used :
    (i) Water flooding
    (ii) Gas flooding
    Water Flooding Mechanism
     Injection of water in the base of reservoir .
     Water flooding maintain the reservoir pressure.
     Displace oil (usually with gas and water) towards production
    wells.
    Tertiary Recovery (EOR)

    Extraction by Primary and Secondary recovery methods is about


    35% of the original oil in place (OOIP).
    Following methods are used:
    (i) Thermal
    (ii) Chemical
    Thermal EOR

    Use of heat to improve oil recovery by reducing the viscosity of heavy oils and vaporizing
    lighter oils and hence improving their mobility. This technique includes :

    • Steam injection
    Steam Injection

    ▪ It is like a conventional water flood.- Steam is injected into several


    injection wells while the oil is produced from other wells. (diff. from
    steam stimulation)
    ▪ Some thermal energy is lost in heating the formation rock and water
    ▪ The steam moves through the reservoir and comes in contact with
    cold oil, rock, and water.
    ▪ As the steam comes in contact with the cold environment, it
    condenses and a hot water bank is formed. This hot water bank acts
    as a water flood and pushes additional oil to the producing wells.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxwBmnaWjzA
    Thermal EOR

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