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    Behavioural Therapy

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    NITIN RAWAT
    Behavioural counseling is an action-based approach based on the premise that all behavior is learned from one's environment. The process involves helping clients analyze their behavior, define problems, and select goals to learn new behaviors through techniques like behavioral experiments, role-playing, assertiveness training, and self-management training. Common techniques include systematic desensitization, aversive therapy, behavior modification programs, and use of reinforcers and punishments based on learning principles to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones.

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    Behavioural Therapy

    Uploaded by

    NITIN RAWAT
    52 views14 pages
    Behavioural counseling is an action-based approach based on the premise that all behavior is learned from one's environment. The process involves helping clients analyze their behavior, define problems, and select goals to learn new behaviors through techniques like behavioral experiments, role-playing, assertiveness training, and self-management training. Common techniques include systematic desensitization, aversive therapy, behavior modification programs, and use of reinforcers and punishments based on learning principles to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones.

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    Behavioural counseling is an action-based approach based on the premise that all behavior is learned from one's environment. The process involves helping clients analyze their behavior, define problems, and select goals to learn new behaviors through techniques like behavioral experiments, role-playing, assertiveness training, and self-management training. Common techniques include systematic desensitization, aversive therapy, behavior modification programs, and use of reinforcers and punishments based on learning principles to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    52 views14 pages

    Behavioural Therapy

    Uploaded by

    NITIN RAWAT
    Behavioural counseling is an action-based approach based on the premise that all behavior is learned from one's environment. The process involves helping clients analyze their behavior, define problems, and select goals to learn new behaviors through techniques like behavioral experiments, role-playing, assertiveness training, and self-management training. Common techniques include systematic desensitization, aversive therapy, behavior modification programs, and use of reinforcers and punishments based on learning principles to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative ones.

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    Behavioural Counseling

    Behavioural Counselling Therapy

    • This approach is based on primary learning comes from experience.


    • The premise is that all behavior is learned.
    • Behavioural counselling and therapy is an action-based
    • It applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted
    behaviours.
    • The people behave in the way that their environment has taught them
    to behave.
    • The process behavioural counselling and therapy is to help the client
    with analyse behaviour, define problems, and select goals.
    This approach is effective for individuals who require
    treatment for some sort of behaviour change

    • Addictions,
    • Phobias
    • Anxiety disorders
    • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
    • PTSD
    • Mood disorders.
    To help people to learn new
    behaviours by Behavioural
    experiments, Role-playing,
    Assertiveness training, and
    Self-management training.
    Aspects of Behavioural counselling and therapy

    • 1) Classical Conditioning
    In classical conditioning, certain respondent behaviours, such as knee
    jerks and salivation can be a result of a classical conditioning  i.e.
    learning principles—learning that occurs when things get paired together
    • 2) Operant Conditioning
    It focuses on actions that operate on the environment to produce
    consequences. If the environmental change brought about by the
    behaviour is reinforcing, the chances are high  that the behaviour will
    occur again. If the environmental changes produce no reinforcement,
    the chances are lessened that the behaviour will recur.
    Aspects of Behavioural counselling and therapy
    (Contd.)

    • 3) Social Learning Approach


    It gives prominence to the reciprocal interactions between an
    individual’s behaviour and the environment.
    • 4) Cognitive Behaviour Therapy
    It emphasises cognitive processes and private events (such as
    client’s self-talk) as mediators of behaviour change.
    Process of Behavioural counselling and
    therapy
    (Blackham and Silberman 4 steps of  Behavioural counselling)

    •Defining the problem


    The clients are asked to specify when, where, how and with whom
    the problem arises

    •Taking a developmental history


    Knowledge about how the client has handled past circumstances
    Process of Behavioural counselling and
    therapy
    (Blackham and Silberman 4 steps of  Behavioural counselling)

    •Establish specific goals


    Counsellors help clients break down goals into small, achievable goals

    • Determine the best method for change


    Helping the client to reach the desired goal by choosing the appropriate method. Continuous
    assessment of the effectiveness of the method is must
    Techniques of Behavioural counselling and therapy

    Systematic desensitization:
    • This is a Behavioural experiments technique used specifically with phobias and
    other faulty behavior. It helps the client to pair relaxation with previously
    feared stimuli. Moreover, it “teaches” the client a new thing by pairing
    relaxation with something they fear
    Aversive therapy:
    • It is a Behavioural experiments method and has the client pair some
    aversive stimuli (e.g., nausea, pain, disturbing images, etc.) with some
    behaviour that he/she is having difficulty giving up.  For example, Quit
    drinking might take a drug that makes her nauseous whenever she drinks
    alcohol.  It “teaches” a new thing by pairing a bad experience with some
    behaviour they want to eliminate.
    Techniques of Behavioural counselling and therapy

    Behaviour Modification programs:


    • These are self management training approaches try to increase
    positive behaviour and decrease negative behaviour by using
    reinforcements and punishments in the most effective ways
    based on learning principles. Although, the counselor will try to
    help the parents identify in what ways the undesired behaviour
    is being reinforced and eliminate that reinforcement and help
    them develop ways to reinforce desired behaviour.
    Techniques of Behavioural counselling and therapy

    Use of Reinforcers:
    Reinforcers are those events which increase the probability of
    occurrence of a desired behaviour in the future by applying
    consequences that depend on the behaviour in question.
    • Positive Reinforcement: The administration of positive
    consequences to workers who perform desired behaviours- Pay,
    promotions, interesting work, praise, awards
    • Negative Reinforcement: The removal of negative consequences
    when workers perform desired behaviours-Nagging,
    complaining
    Punishment:
    • Administering negative consequences to undesirable
    behaviours in an effort to decrease the probability that the
    behaviour will occur again in the future.
    Shaping:
    • It is a process in which undifferentiated operant behaviours are
    gradually changed into a desired behaviour pattern by the
    reinforcement of success approximations, so that the behaviour
    gets closer and closer to the target behaviour.
    Modelling:
    • It involves learning through observation and imitation of others. Having a
    positive role model can give individuals something to aim for, allowing them to
    change their behaviour to match theirs. However, this role model may be the
    therapist or someone the individual already knows
    Extinction:
    • When pairing of conditioned and unconditional stimulus stops then association
    weakens and conditioned response becomes less frequent till it disappears.
    Role playing-
    • It used to identify their own feelings surrounding a given situation while
    simultaneously learning how others may feel. A very nice demonstration to
    learn this process is in the Youtube video.
    • Punishment:
    • Administering negative consequences to undesirable behaviours in an effort to decrease the probability that the
    behaviour will occur again in the future.
    • Shaping:
    • It is a process in which undifferentiated operant behaviours are gradually changed into a desired behaviour pattern by
    the reinforcement of success approximations, so that the behaviour gets closer and closer to the target behaviour.
    • Modelling:
    • It involves learning through observation and imitation of others. Having a positive role model can give individuals
    something to aim for, allowing them to change their behaviour to match theirs. However, this role model may be the
    therapist or someone the individual already knows
    • Extinction:
    • When pairing of conditioned and unconditional stimulus stops then association weakens and conditioned response
    becomes less frequent till it disappears.
    • Role playing-
    • It used to identify their own feelings surrounding a given situation while simultaneously learning how others may feel.
    A very nice demonstration to learn this process is in the Youtube video.

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