Industrial Training

YOGANANDA COLLEGE O F EN GINEERING AND TECHNOLO GY,JAMMU
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PRESENTATION ON :

UPPER SINDH HYDRO ELECTRIC POWER HOUSE KANGAN
(3*35 MW / STAGE II )
PRESENTED BY : TRAINING MENTOR :
SAQIB RASHEED ( 181502030 ) PRESENTED TO : ER.SARFARAZ AHMAD
ER. AZLEE ANJUM

(MENTOR)
ER. LOWNEESH TALWAR
( HOD EE )
CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION OF POWER PLANT

• TYPES OF POWER PLANT
• SELECTION OF SITE
• ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
• WORKING
• ADVANTAGES
• DISADVANTAGES
• WORKDONE SO FOR DURING TRAINING.
• WORK IN PROGRESS
• SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
• ON SITE PICTURES
INTRODUCTION
Hydroelectric power (often called hydropower) is considered a

renewable energy source. A renewable energy source is one that is
not depleted (used up) in the production of energy. Through
hydropower, the energy in falling water is converted into electricity
without "using up" the water. Hydroelectric power (hydropower)
systems convert the kinetic energy in flowing water into electric
energy.
TYPES OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
As per height of water or water head, the hydroelectric

power plant can be divided into three categories:
a.Low Head
b.Medium Head
c.High Head
INTRODUCTION ABOUT UPPER SINDG HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT
Upper Sindh II Hydroelectric Project is located in the Sindh Nallah & Wangath Nallah
rivers of Jhelum in the state of Jammu & Kashmir. The power project has a total
installed capacity of 105 MW, So the type of project is Major. The river, where the
water is sourced for the project is Sindh Nallah & Wangath Nallah Rivers of Jhelum.
Indus River is the basin of the project. The power project is erected in the North HE
region of the country and the power project is completed in 2002.
The power station is owned by Jammu and Kashmir Government and the operating
company is Jammu and Kashmir Power Development Corporation. The beneficiary
union territory of the plant is Jammu & Kashmir. The structure type of power house is
Weir and the name of the Weir is Upper Sindh - II Weir. The power house built for the
purpose is Upper Sindh II Power House, which is now Operational and the type of PH
is Surface. The completion of the power project is happened in 2002. The type of
Turbine built in the power house is Francis. The maker of both Turbine and Generator
of the power house is by the BHEL, India. There are three units in operation and all
the units have a capacity of 35 MW each.
PROJECT DETAILS
Hydroelectric Project Name – Upper Sindh II Hydroelectric Project

• Commission Date – 2002• Total Installed Capacity - 105 MW
• Type of Project – Major (Greater than 25 MW)
• Water Source – Sindh Nallah & Wangath Nallah .
• Basin – Indus up to International Border
• Hydroelectric Region – North HE Region
• Completion of Power Project– 2002
• Owner – Jammu and Kashmir Government
• Owner Name – Jammu and Kashmir Power Development Corporation
• Location – Jammu & Kashmir
• State – Jammu & Kashmir.
Turbine Type – Francis ( 3 TURBINES )
• Rated Head - 224 m
• Rated Speed of Turbine - 600 rpm
• Turbine Manufacturer – BHEL, India
• Generator Manufacturer – BHEL, India
• No. of Penstock – 2 ( 3.0 METER AND 2.5 METER)
• Length of Penstock - 1000 m
• Unit Sizes – 3 x 35 MW (105 MW)• Total Units – 3
• OUT PUT : 35MW
• YEARLY GENERATION : 535,000,000,UNITS
• COST OF GENERATION: 94 PAISA PER UNIT
• Units Commissioned – All the three units are commissioned
SELECTION OF SITE
In site site selection of hydroelectric plant following point we should keep in mind:
1. Water Availability.
2. Storage of Water.
3. Site Selection for Hydroelectric Power Plant According to the Availability of Water
Head.
4.Distance from the Load Center.
5. Accessibility of the Site.
6. Pollution of Water Resource.
7. Sedimentation.
8. Large Catchment Area.
9. Site Selection for Hydroelectric Power Plant According to the Availability of Land.
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
1. Forebay
2. Intake structure
3. Penstocks
4. Surge tank
5. Turbines
6. Draft tube
7. Tail race
8. Power House
FOREBAY
 Enlarged body of water provided in front of penstock
 Provided in case of runoff river plant and storage plant.
 The Main function is to store water that is rejected by plant.
 Power house located closed to dam penstock directly take water
from a reservoir, reservoir act as forebay.
INTAKE STRUCTURE
 Water conveyed from forebay to penstocks through intake structures.

 Main components are the trash rack and gate.
 Trash rack prevent entry of debris.
PENSTOCKS
 open or closed conduits which carry water to the turbines.
 made of reinforced concrete or steel. Concrete penstocks are suitable
for low heads less than 30mtrs.
 steel penstocks are designed for any head.
 thickness of penstocks increases with head or water pressure
 penstocks gates are fixed to initial of penstocks, and flow of water is
controlled by operating penstock gates.
 Either buried in ground or kept exposed.
SURGE TANK
 Additional storage for near to turbine usually provided in high head plants.
 located near the beginning of the penstock.
 As the load on the turbine decreases or during load rejection by the turbine,
the surge tank provides space for holding water.
 surge tank over comes the abnormal pressure in the conduit when load on the
turbine falls and acts as a reservoir during increase of load on the Surge Tank.
TURBINES
 turbines are used to convert the energy water of falling water into mechanical energy.
 water turbine is a rotary engine that takes energy from moving water.
 flowing water is directed on to the blades of a turbine runner, creating a force on the blade.
 Since the runner is spinning, the force acts through a distance n this way, energy is transferred from the
water flow to the turbine.
 The principal types of turbines are:
 Impulse turbine,Reaction Turbine and francis turbine.
TURBINE USED IN UPPER SINDH HYDRO POWER PROJECT

FRANCIS TURBINE
The Francis turbine is a reaction turbine, which means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves
through the turbine, giving up its energy. The turbine is located between the high-pressure water source and the
low-pressure water exit, usually at the base of a dam.
Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today and can achieve over 95% efficiency.
HEAD : 45- 400 METER FLOW RATE :10-700 m^3/s

DRAFT TUBE
 is a pipe or passage of gradually increasing cross sectional area, which connect to the exit
to tail race.
 it reduces high velocity of water discharged by the turbine.
 draft tube permits turbines to be installed at a higher level than the tail race level, which
help the maintenance and repair of turbines.
TAIL RACE
 Tail race tunnel or channel are provided to direct the used water coming out
of draft tube back to the river.
 important criteria of designing the tail raceis kind of draft tube, the gross head
and geographical situation of the area.
 Tail race is designed in such a way that water hammer is minimized when
water leaves the draft tube.
POWER HOUSE
 Power house contains the electro-mechanical equipment i.e. hydropower turbine,
Generator, excitation system, main inlet valves, transformers, Switchyard, DC systems,
governor, bus duct, step-up transformers, step down transformers, high voltages switch
gears, control metering for protection of systems.
WORKING
 Initially the water of the river is in Catchments Area.

 From catchments area the water flows to the dam.
 At the dam the water gets accumulated. Thus the potential energy of the water
increases due to the height of the dam.
 When the gates of the dam are opened then the water moves with high Kinetic
Energy into the penstock.
 Through the penstock water goes to the turbine house.
 Since the penstock makes water to flow from high altitude to low altitude, Thus the
Kinetic Energy of the water is again raised.
ADVANTAGES
 No fuel charges.
 Less supervising staff is required.
 Maintenance & operation charges are very low.
 Running cost of the plant is low.
 The plant efficiency does not changes with age.
 It takes few minutes to run & synchronize the plant.
 No fuel transportation is required.
 No ash & flue gas problem & does not pollute the
atmosphere.
 These plants are used for flood control & irrigation
purpose.
 Long life in comparison with the Thermal & Nuclear
Power Plant.
DISADVANTAGES
 The initial cost of the power plant is very high.

 Takea s long time for construction of the dam. Generally, Such
plants are located in hilly areas far away from the load center &
thus they require long transmission lines & losses in them will be
more.
 Power generation by hydropower plant is only dependent on the
natural phenomenon of rain. Therefore at the time of drought or
summer session, the Hydro Power Plant will not work.
WORKDONE DURING INDUSTRIAL TRAINING SO FAR
GENERATOR INSTALLATION :
GENERATOR IS CALLED THE HEART OF THE POWER HOUSE .

THE OLD GENERATOR ( U1 )WAS REPAIRED AND INSTALLED WITH AN NEW ONE .
THE MACUFACTURER OF GENERATORS USED ARE BHEL ( BHARAT HEAVY ELECTYRICALS LIMITED )
GHAZIABAD .
SPECIFICATIONS OF GENDERATOR:
SPEED : 600/1175
FREQENCY: 50HZ
PHASE: 3
ROTATION : CLOCK WISE
INSULATION TYPE : B
EXTERNAL OIL COLLING SYSTEM (EOC)
THE OIL KEPT STORED IN A OIL TANK WHICH IS THEN

SUPPLIED TO THE BEARINGS CONNECTED TO THE ROTOR OF
THE GENERATOR.
FOR THIS PURPOSE WE HAVE 2 AC MOTOR PUMPS (60HP) AND
ONE DC MOTOR PUMP.
AC MOTOR 1 : RUNNING
AC MOTOR 2 : STAND BY
DURING THE FAILURE OF AC SUPPLY DC MOTOR GETS
AUTOMATICALLY CONNECTED WHICH IS RUNNED BY THE
BATTERY BANK.
WE ALSO HAD A TEMPERATURE SENSING DEVICE ( TSDs) ON

PRESSURE TANK. THROUGH WHICH WE GET NOTIFIED USING
DIFFERENT ALARMS .IT HAS THREE NEEDLES BLACK ,
YELLOW ,RED.BLACK GIVES THE NORMAL CONDITION ,
YELLOW GIVES THE ALARM TO CHECK THE TEMPERATURE IN
ADVANCE , AT RED POSITION IT GETS TRIP
NK YO U
TH A

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YOGANANDA COLLEGE O F EN GINEERING AND TECHNOLO GY,JAMMU

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PRESENTATION ON :

ER. AZLEE ANJUM

• INTRODUCTION OF POWER PLANT

Hydroelectric power (often called hydropower) is considered a

As per height of water or water head, the hydroelectric

Hydroelectric Project Name – Upper Sindh II Hydroelectric Project

 Water conveyed from forebay to penstocks through intake structures.

TURBINE USED IN UPPER SINDH HYDRO POWER PROJECT

HEAD : 45- 400 METER FLOW RATE :10-700 m^3/s

 Initially the water of the river is in Catchments Area.

 The initial cost of the power plant is very high.

GENERATOR IS CALLED THE HEART OF THE POWER HOUSE .

THE OIL KEPT STORED IN A OIL TANK WHICH IS THEN

WE ALSO HAD A TEMPERATURE SENSING DEVICE ( TSDs) ON

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