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    03 Main Features of Morality

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    PHILIP JOHN CORDOVA
    The document outlines the main features of morality according to several philosophers and ethical theories: 1. Morality is binding and people are obligated to follow moral norms, as exempting oneself would be incoherent. 2. What is right and wrong cannot be determined by popular opinion or majority rule. 3. While there are often clear distinctions between good and bad moral actions, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous, as with complex issues like abortion and euthanasia. 4. We should be moral for its own sake, not just for rewards, as morality is an end in itself rather than a means to an end. 5. Moral rules are obligatory and cannot

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    03 Main Features of Morality

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    PHILIP JOHN CORDOVA
    67 views41 pages
    The document outlines the main features of morality according to several philosophers and ethical theories: 1. Morality is binding and people are obligated to follow moral norms, as exempting oneself would be incoherent. 2. What is right and wrong cannot be determined by popular opinion or majority rule. 3. While there are often clear distinctions between good and bad moral actions, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous, as with complex issues like abortion and euthanasia. 4. We should be moral for its own sake, not just for rewards, as morality is an end in itself rather than a means to an end. 5. Moral rules are obligatory and cannot

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    The document outlines the main features of morality according to several philosophers and ethical theories: 1. Morality is binding and people are obligated to follow moral norms, as exempting oneself would be incoherent. 2. What is right and wrong cannot be determined by popular opinion or majority rule. 3. While there are often clear distinctions between good and bad moral actions, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous, as with complex issues like abortion and euthanasia. 4. We should be moral for its own sake, not just for rewards, as morality is an end in itself rather than a means to an end. 5. Moral rules are obligatory and cannot

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    67 views41 pages

    03 Main Features of Morality

    Uploaded by

    PHILIP JOHN CORDOVA
    The document outlines the main features of morality according to several philosophers and ethical theories: 1. Morality is binding and people are obligated to follow moral norms, as exempting oneself would be incoherent. 2. What is right and wrong cannot be determined by popular opinion or majority rule. 3. While there are often clear distinctions between good and bad moral actions, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous, as with complex issues like abortion and euthanasia. 4. We should be moral for its own sake, not just for rewards, as morality is an end in itself rather than a means to an end. 5. Moral rules are obligatory and cannot

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 41

    THE MAIN FEATURES

    OF MORALITY
    1. Can a person be exempted from
    following moral norms or rules?
    Why?
    2. Can the majority (or the action of
    the many) determine or decide
    what is right or wrong? Why?
    3. Can we easily identify and judge
    whether an action is good or
    bad?
    4. Can we always come up with a
    clear and easy judgment or
    decision on every moral issue or
    problem?
    5. Do I have to be good because I
    want to go to heaven or receive a
    reward? (Is morality a means towards
    a certain goal?) Why?
    6. Is morality optional? Can I prefer
    which moral rules to follow?
    7. Can I judge someone as good or
    bad based on the looks, personal
    likes or dislikes, moods or
    temperament?
    The Main Features of Morality
    1. Can a person be exempted from
    following moral norms or rules?
    Why?
    NO…
    “Morality is binding on those
    to whom it applies.”
    1. “Morality is binding on those to whom it applies.”

    …if some principles is part of morality, then


    the people to whom the morality applies ought
    to obey that principle…

    …for being binding is part of what it means


    for something to be a rule.
    1. “Morality is binding on those to whom it applies.”

    It would be incoherent to claim that some


    rules apply to some group of people…. and
    that they are not obliged to follow/adhere…
    2. Can the majority (or the action of
    the many) determine or decide
    what is right or wrong? Why?
    NO…
    “Morality does not depend on
    what people think.”
    2. “Morality does not depend on what people think.”

    …numbers do not decide right and wrong


    even it has majority…

    “You cannot legislate morality.”


    “What is legal is not necessarily moral.”
    3. Can we easily identify and judge
    whether an action is good or
    bad?
    YES…
    “There are often correct
    answers to moral questions.”
    3. “There are often correct answers to moral questions.”

    …in spite of so many controversies regarding


    certain moral issues (abortion, euthanasia and the
    like), most people have no trouble
    distinguishing good moral actions or
    decisions from bad ones.
    4. Can we always come up with a
    clear and easy judgment or
    decision on every moral issue or
    problem?
    NO…
    “Despite this, morality is
    sometimes unclear and
    ambiguous.”
    4. “Despite this, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous.”

    The rules of morality… are not always as clear


    or obvious as we all would like them to be.

    This may explain why a number of individuals


    argue on certain moral issues without ever
    reaching some sort of an agreement
    4. “Despite this, morality is sometimes unclear and ambiguous.”

    Unlike rules in a chess game, moral rules, as


    in life, are complex and as such, answers
    don’t usually come in black and white.
    5. Do I have to be good because I
    want to go to heaven or receive a
    reward? (Is morality a means towards
    a certain goal?) Why?
    NO…
    “Morality is an end it itself.”
    5. “Morality is an end it itself.”

    We ought to be moral or good just because to


    be moral is what we ought to be.

    Morality is an end in itself, not just a means to


    an end.
    5. “Morality is an end it itself.”

    Do good for goodness’ sake…

    Do good or help others because that is the


    right thing to do…
    6. Is morality optional? Can I prefer
    which moral rules to follow?
    NO…
    “Morality is obligatory.”
    6. “Morality is obligatory.”
    One cannot decide what morality he or she
    would like to have. You cannot just choose
    your own moral rules.

    …morality obliges us to do certain things


    whether we like them or not
    6. “Morality is obligatory.”

    …to have moral rules means one is obliged to


    follow them...

    Morality is not optional… it is not voluntary.


    7. Can I judge someone as good or
    bad based on the looks, personal
    likes or dislikes, moods or
    temperament?
    NO…
    “Morality is decided by reason
    rather than emotion.”
    7. “Morality is decided by reason rather than emotion.”

    …moral questions/issues need to be settled through


    arguments to justify one’s moral views rather than
    appeal to feelings and sentiments…

    There have to be reasons, good reasons why


    you hold such kind of moral belief…
    7. “Morality is decided by reason rather than emotion.”

    Personal likes or dislike, moods or


    temperament are not good arguments to
    justify one’s ethical view.
    ASSIGNMENT: Short Bond Paper

    1. When can an act be good/right in the given


    ethical theory?
    2. When can an act be bad/wrong in the given
    ethical theory?
    3. How does the ethical theory view the human
    person?
    4. Is the ethical theory and its view of the human
    person acceptable to you? Why?
    THE ETHICAL THEORIES

    1.Hedonism 6.Situation Ethics


    2.Pragmatism 7.Kantian Ethics
    3.Utilitarianism 8.Virtue Ethics
    4.Ethical Egoism 9.Confucian Ethics
    5.Ethical Relativism 10.Buddhist Ethics

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