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 Overview ASP.NET
Framework
 ASP.NET is an open source server-side Web application
framework designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web
pages.
 It was developed by Microsoft to allow programmers to build
dynamic web sites, web applications and web services.
 It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the.NET
Framework, and is the successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages
(ASP) technology.
 ASP.NET is built on the Common Language Runtime (CLR), allowing
programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported .NET
languages like VB.NET and C#.
 The Microsoft .NET Platform provides all of the tools and technologies
that are needed to build distributed Web applications.
 Overview ASP.NET
Framework
 ASP.NET is integrated with Visual Studio .NET, which
provides a GUI designer, a rich toolbox, and a fully
integrated debugger.
 In ASP.NET, you can write the HTML code in the .aspx file
and the code for programming logic in the code-behind file
(.aspx.vb or .aspx.cs ). Also ASP.NET introduces two sets of
controls, the HTML controls and the Web controls, which
are collectively known as "server controls."
 ASP.NET incorporates all the important standards of our
time, such as XML and SOAP, plus with ADO.NET and the
foundation class libraries.
 Overview ASP.NET
Framework
 ASP.NET is great for building standards-based
websites with HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript.
 ASP.NET supports three approaches for making web
sites.
 ASP.NET Web Forms uses controls and an event-model
for component-based development.
 ASP.NET MVC values separation of concerns and
enables easier test-driven development.
 ASP.NET Web Pages prefers a single page model that
mixes code and HTML markup.
ASP.NET Versions
 ASP.NET Benifits

 Separate presentation from code

 Object-oriented approach
 Component-based development
 Event-driven architecture
 Code compilation
 Extensible architecture
 Built-in state management
 Many others (data binding, validation, master pages,
etc.)
 Client-Server Architecture

 Client-server architecture (client/server) is

a network architecture in which each computer or process
on the network is either a client or a server. 
 Servers are powerful computers dedicated to managing disk
drives (file servers), printers (print servers), or
network traffic (network servers ).
 Clients are PCs or workstations on which users
run applications. Clients rely on servers for resources, such
as files, devices, and even processing power.
 Examples of computer applications that use the client–server
model are Email, network printing, and the World Wide Web.
 Client-Server Architecture

 Advantages:
   All data stored at server
   Due to thin Client application less load on client.
   Easy to Implement Security.

 Disadvantages:
   Clients are dependent on servers.
   All load transfer on Servers.
  Better bandwidth is required for server.
 ASP.NET Execution

 ASP.NET applications are executed via a sequence of

HTTP requests and HTTP responses
 Client Web browser request ASPX pages
 The Web server executes the ASPX page and produce
XHTML + CSS + JavaScript
ASP.NET Execution
Types of Files in ASP.NET

 ASP.NET have many types of files. They are,

 .aspx
 .ascx
 .asmx
 Web.config
 Global.asax
 .cs /.vb
 Types of Files in ASP.NET
 .aspx : These are ASP.NET web pages (the .NET equivalent of the .asp
file in an ASP application). They contain the user interface and
optionally, the underlying application code. Users request or navigate
directly to one of these pages to start your web application.

 .ascx : These are ASP.NET user controls. User controls are similar to
web pages, except that they can’t be accessed directly. Instead, they
must be hosted inside an ASP.NET web page. User controls allow you
to develop a small piece of user interface and reuse it in as many web
forms as you want without repetitive code.

 .asmx : These are ASP.NET web services. Web services work

differently than web pages, but they still share the same application
resources, configuration settings, and memory.
 Types of Files in ASP.NET

 web.config : This is the XML-based configuration file for your

ASP.NET application. It includes settings for customizing
security, state management, memory management, and much
more.

 global.asax : This is the global application file. You can use

this file to define global variables (variables that can be
accessed from any web page in the web application) and react
to global events (such as when a web application first starts).
 
 .cs / .vb : These are code-behind files that contain C# code or
VB code. They allow you to separate the application from the
user interface of a web page.
Types of Controls in ASP.NET

 The ASP.NET Framework (version 3.5) contains over

70 controls. These controls can be divided into eight
groups:
 Standard Controls
 Validation Controls
 Rich Controls
 Data Controls
 Login Controls
 Web Part Controls
 Html Controls
 Navigation Cintrol
Types of Controls in ASP.NET

 Standard Controls : The standard controls enable you to render

standard form elements such as buttons, input fields, and labels. We
examine these controls in detail in the following chapter, "Using the
Standard Controls.“

 Validation Controls : The validation controls enable you to validate

form data before you submit the data to the server. For example, you
can use a RequiredFieldValidator control to check whether a user
entered a value for a required input field.

 Rich Controls : The rich controls enable you to render things such as
calendars, file upload buttons, rotating banner advertisements, and
multi-step wizards.
Types of Controls in ASP.NET

 Data Controls : The data controls enable you to work with data such
as database data. For example, you can use these controls to submit
new records to a database table or display a list of database records.
 Navigation Controls :The navigation controls enable you to display
standard navigation elements such as menus, tree views, and bread
crumb trails.
 Login Controls : The login controls enable you to display login,
change password, and registration forms.

 Web Part Controls : The Web Part controls enable you to build
personalizable portal applications.

 HTML Controls : The HTML controls enable you to convert any

HTML tag into a server-side control.
 Page Class

 Every web page is a custom class that inherits from

System.Web.UI.Page. By inheriting from this class, your
web page class acquires a number of properties that your
code can use. These include properties for enabling caching,
validation,
Property and tracing.
Description
Application
These collections hold state information on the server.
and Session
This collection allows you to store objects for reuse in other
Cache
pages or for other clients.
Provides a collection of all the controls contained on the
Controls web page. You can also use the methods of this collection to
add new controls dynamically.
When set to false, this overrides the EnableViewState
EnableViewSt
property of the contained controls, thereby ensuring that no
ate
controls will maintain state information.
 Page Class
This Boolean property indicates whether this is the first time the
page is being run (false) or whether the page is being resubmitted in
response to a control event, typically with stored view state
IsPostBack
information (true). This property is often used in the Page.Load
event handler, thereby ensuring that basic setup is performed only
once for controls that maintain view state

Refers to an HttpRequest object that contains information about

the current web request, including client certificates, cookies, and
Request
values submitted through HTML form elements. It supports the
same features as the built-in ASP Request object.
Refers to an HttpResponse object that allows you to set the web
response or redirect the user to another web page. It supports the
Response same features as the built-in ASP Response object, although it’s
used much less in .NET
development.
Refers to an HttpServerUtility object that allows you to perform
Server some miscellaneous tasks, such as URL and HTML encoding. It
supports the same features as the built-in ASP Server object.
If the user has been authenticated, this property will be initialized
User
with user information
ASP.NET Page Life Cycle
ASP.NET Page Life Cycle
 When a page is requested, it is loaded into the server memory,
processed, and sent to the browser. Then it is unloaded from the
memory. At each of these steps, methods and events are available,
which could be overridden according to the need of the application. In
other words, you can write your own code to override the default code.
 The Page class creates a hierarchical tree of all the controls on the page.
All the components on the page, except the directives, are part of this
control tree. You can see the control tree by adding trace= "true" to the
page directive. We will cover page directives and tracing under
'directives' and 'event handling'.
ASP.NET Page Life Cycle
The page life cycle phases are:
Initialization

Instantiation of the controls on the page

Restoration and maintenance of the state
Execution of the event handler codes
Page rendering
Different stages of an ASP.NET
page
 Page request
 Starting of page life cycl
 Page initialization
 Page load
 Validation
 Postback event handling
 Page renderin
 Unload
ASP.NET Page Life Cycle Events

 PreInit
 Init
 InitComplete
 LoadViewState
 LoadPostData
 PreLoad
 Load
 LoadComplete
 PreRender
 PreRenderComplete
 SaveStateComplete
 UnLoad
 Control Class

 The Page.Controls collection includes all the controls on the

current web form.
 You can loop through this collection and access each
control.
 You can also use the Controls collection to add a dynamic
control.
 HttpRequest Class

 The HttpRequest class encapsulates all the information

related to a client request for a web page.
 Most of this information corresponds to low-level
details such as posted-back form values, server
variables, the response encoding, and so on. If you’re
using ASP.NET to its fullest, you’ll almost never dive
down to that level.
 Other properties are generally useful for retrieving
information, particularly about the capabilities of the
client browser.
 HttpRequest Class
IsAuthenticat
Returns true if the user has been successfully authenticated
ed and
and if the user is connected over SSL (also known as the
IsSecureConn
Secure Sockets Layer).
ection
Provides the parameters that were passed along with the
QueryString
query string.

Provides a Uri object that represents the current address

Url and
for the page and the page where the user is coming from
UrlReferrer
(the previous page that linked to this page).

A string representing the browser type. Internet Explorer

UserAgent
provides the value MSIE for this property.
UserHostAdd
Gets the IP address and the DNS name of the remote client.
ress and
You could also access this information through the
UserHostNam
ServerVariables collection.
e
Provides a sorted string array that lists the client’s language
UserLanguag
preferences. This can be useful if you need to create
es
multilingual pages.
 HttpResponse Class
 The HttpResponse class allows you to send information directly to
the client. In traditional ASP development, the Response object was
used heavily to create dynamic pages. The HttpResponse does still
provide some important functionality, namely, caching support,
cookie features, and the Redirect method.

Property Description
When set to true (the default), the page isn’t sent to the client
BufferOutput until it’s completely rendered and ready, as opposed to being
sent piecemeal.
References an HttpCachePolicy object that allows you to
Cache
configure how this page will be cached
Cookies The collection of cookies sent with the response.
Write(), These methods allow you to write text or binary content directly
BinaryWrite(), to the response stream. You can even write the contents of a file.
and These methods are de-emphasized in ASP.NET and shouldn’t be
WriteFile() used in conjunction with server controls.
This method transfers the user to another page in your
Redirect()
application or a different website.
 Introduction to standard
Controls
 Web Forms are the basics of building ASP.NET based web
sites.
 Web site is collection of number of web Forms / pages
where each Web Form contains number of Web Server
controls.
 Which are described as further:
 Button control
 Button control is used to submit the data to the server. Button
control works like a Push Button when you click the data is
submitted to the server.
Property Description
AccessKey Enables you to specify a key that navigates to the Button control.

CommandArg Enables you to specify a command argument that is passed to the Command
ument event.

CommandNa Enables you to specify a command name that is passed to the Command
me event.

enabled Enables you to disable the Button control.

OnClientClik Enables you to specify a client-side script that executes when the button is
clicked.

PostBackUrl Enables you to post a form to a particular page.

TabIndex Enables you to specify the tab order of the Button control.
Text Enables you to label the Button control.
 Button control

 The Button control also supports the following method:

 Focus : Enables you to set the initial form focus to the

Button control.
 Click : Raised when the Button control is clicked.
 Command : Raised when the Button control is clicked.
The CommandName and CommandArgument are passed to
this event

Example:
<asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Text="Button"
onclick="Button2_Click" />
 TextBox Control

 The TextBox control can be used to display three different types of

input fields depending on the value of its TextMode property.
 The TextMode property accepts the following three values:
 SingleLine : Displays a single-line input field.
 MultiLine : Displays a multi-line input field.
 Password : Displays a single-line input field in which the text is
hidden.
 The TextBox control also supports the following method:
 Focus : Enables you to set the initial form focus to the text box.
 TextChanged : Raised on the server when the contents of the text
box are changed
Property Description
AccessKey Enables you to specify a key that navigates to the TextBox control.

AutoCompleteT Enables you to associate an AutoComplete class with the TextBox

ype control.
AutoPostBack Enables you to post the form containing the TextBox back to the
server automatically when the contents of the TextBox is changed.

Enabled Enables you to disable the text box.

MaxLength Enables you to specify the maximum length of data that a user can
enter in a text box (does not work when TextMode is set to
Multiline).
ReadOnly Enables you to prevent users from changing the text in a text box.

TabIndex Enables you to specify the tab order of the text box.
Wrap Enables you to specify whether text word-wraps when the
TextMode is set to Multiline.
 CheckBox

 CheckBox control is used to accept the choice from user. It

is used to display multiple choices from which user can
select none of them or many or all of them.
 For example, if you want to accept Hobbies of user, you can
use CheckBox control.
 The CheckBox control also supports the following method:
 Focus : Enables you to set the initial form focus to the
check box.
 CheckedChanged : Raised on the server when the
check box is checked or unchecked.
Property Description
AccessKey Enables you to specify a key that navigates to the TextBox control.

AutoPostBack Enables you to post the form containing the CheckBox back to the
server automatically when the CheckBox is checked or unchecked.

Checked Enables you to get or set whether the CheckBox is checked.

Enabled Enables you to disable the TextBox.

TabIndex Enables you to specify the tab order of the check box.

Text Enables you to provide a label for the check box.

TextAlign Enables you to align the label for the check box. Possible values
are Left and Right.
 Label

 Whenever you need to modify the text displayed in a page

dynamically, you can use the Label control. Any string that
you assign to the Label control's Text property is displayed
by the Label when the control is rendered.
 You can assign simple text to the Text property or you can
assign HTML content. 
 As an alternative to assigning text to the Text property, you
can place the text between the Label control's opening and
closing tags.
 Any text that you place before the opening and closing tags
gets assigned to the Text property.
Property Description
BackColor Enables you to change the background color of the label.

BorderColor Enables you to set the color of a border rendered around the
label.

BorderStyle Enables you to display a border around the label. Possible

values are NotSet, None, Dotted, Dashed, Solid, Double,
Groove, Ridge, Inset, and Outset.

BorderWidth Enables you to set the size of a border rendered around the
label.

CssClass Enables you to associate a Cascading Style Sheet class with

the label.

Font Enables you to set the label's font properties.

ForeColor Enables you to set the color of the content rendered by the
label.
 Panel
• The Panel control enables you to work with a group of ASP.NET
controls. You can use a Panel control to hide or show a group of
ASP.NET controls.

Property Descrition
DefaultButton Enables you to specify the default button in a Panel. The
default button is invoked when you press the Enter button.

Direction Enables you to get or set the direction in which controls

that display text are rendered. Possible values are NotSet,
LeftToRight, and RightToLeft.
GroupingText Enables you to render the Panel control as a fieldset with
a particular legend.
HorizontalAlign Enables you to specify the horizontal alignment of the
contents of the Panel. Possible values are Center, Justify,
Left, NotSet, and Right.
ScrollBars Enables you to display scrollbars around the panel's
contents. Possible values are Auto, Both, Horizontal,
None, and Vertical.
 Dropdownlist

 DropDownList control is used to give a single select option to

the user from multiple listed items. When it is rendered on the
page, it is implemented through <select/> HTML tag. It is also
called as Combo box.
 Its properties like BackColor, ForeColor etc. are implemented
through style properites of <span>. It has less property to
decorate in comparison with other controls. There is no
property like BorderStyle, BorderWidth. in DropDownList
control.
 You can add its option items by directly writing into .aspx page
directly or dynamically add at run time or bind through
database.
 <asp:DropDownList ID=“dp1” runat=“server”>
 <asp:ListItem>item 1</asp:ListItem>
 </asp:DropDownList>
Property Description
SelectedValue Get the value of the Selected item from the dropdown box.

SelectedIndex Gets or Sets the index of the selected item in the dropdown box.

SelectedItem Gets the selected item from the list.

Items Gets the collection of items from the dropdown box.
DataTextField Name of the data source field to supply the text of the items.

DataValueField Name of the data source field to supply the value of the items.

DataSourceID ID of the datasource component to provide data

DataSource The datasource that populates the items in the dropdown box.

AutoPostBack true or false. If true, the form is automatically posted back to the server
when user changes the dropdown list selection. It will also
fireOnSelectedIndexChanged method.

AppendDataBoundIte true or false. If true, the statically added item (added from .aspx page) is
ms maintained when adding items dynamically (from code behind file) or items
are cleared.
OnSelectedIndexCha Method name that fires when user changes the selection of the dropdown
nged box. (Fires only when AutoPostBack=true.)
 ListBox
 All properties and its working resembles DropDownList box.
However, ListBox has two extra properties
called Rows and SelectionMode. ListBox control is used to give a
single or multiple select option to the user (based on the property
set) from multiple listed items. You can specify its height and width
in pixel by setting its height and width but you will not be able give
mutliple select option to the user. When it is rendered on the page,
it is implemented through <select/> HTML tag. It is also called as
Combo box.
 Its properties like BackColor, ForeColor etc. are implemented
through style properites of <span>. It has less property to decorate
in comparison with other controls. There is no property
like BorderStyle, BorderWidth. in DropDownList control.
 You can add its option items by directly writing into .aspx page
directly or dynamically add at run time or bind through database.
Property Description
Rows No. of rows (items) can be set to display in the List.
SelectionMode Single or Multiple. If multiple, it allows user to select multiple items from the
list by holding Ctrl or Shift key.
SelectedValue Get the value of the Selected item from the dropdown box.
SelectedIndex Gets or Sets the index of the selected item in the dropdown box.
SelectedItem Gets the selected item from the list.
Items Gets the collection of items from the dropdown box.
DataTextField Name of the data source field to supply the text of the items.
DataValueField Name of the data source field to supply the value of the items.
DataSourceID ID of the datasource component to provide data.
DataSource The datasource that populates the items in the listbox box.
AutoPostBack true or false. If true, the form is automatically posted back to the server when
user changes the dropdown list selection. It will also
fireOnSelectedIndexChanged method.
OnSelectedIndexC Method name that fires when user changes the selection of the dropdown box.
hanged (Fires only when AutoPostBack=true.)
 FileUpload
 The FileUpload control allows the user to browse for and select the
file to be uploaded, providing a Browse button and a text box for
entering the filename.
 Once, the user has entered the filename in the text box, by typing
the name or browsing, the SaveAs method of the FileUpload
control can be called to save the file to the disk.
 The basic syntax for using the FileUpload is:
 <asp:FileUpload ID= "Uploader" runat = "server" />
 The FileUpload class is derived from the WebControl class, and
inherits all its members. Apart from those, the FileUpload class has
the following read-only properties:
Property Description

FileBytes Returns an array of the bytes in a file to be uploaded..

FileContent Returns the stream object pointing to the file to be uploaded.

FileName Returns the name of the file to be uploaded.

HasFile Specifies whether the control has a file to upload.

PostedFile Returns a reference to the uploaded file.

ContentLengt Returns the size of the uploaded file in bytes.

h

ContentType Returns the MIME type of the uploaded file

FileName Returns the full filename.

InputStream Returns a stream object pointing to the uploaded file.