400KV Protection

400KV PROTECTION
PREPARED BY
GOPALA KRISHNA PALEPU
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
gk_aptransco@yahoo.co.in,
Mobile:9440336984
BASICS
OF
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
ONE & HALF BREAKER DESCRIPTION
BUS-1 1. IN THIS TWO BUSES ARE PRIOVIDED.
BUS-1 BUS-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 2. THESE TWO BUSES ARE INTER-CONNECTED BY THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS.
BUS-1 BUS-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 3. THEY ARE DESIGNATED AS 1-52 CB, 2-52 CB, 3-52 CB.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
BUS-2
BUS-1 4. LINE - 1 IS CONNECTED IN BETWEEN 1-52 CB & 2-52 CB.
5. LINE - 2 IS CONNECTED IN BETWEEN 3-52 CB & 2-52 CB.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 6. LINE-1 HAVING TWO FEEDING PATHS i.e
A. VIA BUS-1 & 1-52 CB
B. VIA BUS-2, 3-52 CB & 2-52 CB
1-52 CB 7. LINE-2 HAVING TWO FEEDING PATHS i.e
A. VIA BUS-2 & 3-52 CB
B. VIA BUS-1, 1-52 CB & 2-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2 2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1
8. FOR INTURUPTING LINE-1 THE 1-52CB AND 2-52CB IS TO BE TRIPPED.
9. FOR INTURUPTING LINE-2 THE 3-52CB AND 2-52CB IS TO BE TRIPPED.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 10. FOR ANY PROBLEM IN LINE-1 OR LINE-2 ALONG WITH MAIN BREAKER
THE MIDDLE BREAKER OR SAY TIE BREAKER (2-52 CB) MUST TRIP.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1 11. NORMALLY IN ALL TYPES OF BUSBAR CONFIGUARATIONS ONE BREAKER
12. HERE TWO FEEDERS

IS SUFFICIENT ARE
FOR ONE CONTROLED BY THREE BREAKERS.
FEEDER.
13. SO THESE TWO FEEDERS CONTROLLED BY THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS
1-52 CB IT IS CALLED ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM.
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
1-52 CB 3-52 CB
2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1
MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

14. THE BAY BETWEEN BUS-1 & LINE-1 IS CALLED MAIN BAY FOR FEEDER-1.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1 1-52 CB 3-52 CB

2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2
BUS-1

15. THE BAY BETWEEN LINE-1 & LINE-2 IS CALLED TIE BAY FOR FEEDER-1 & 2.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
TIE BAY (2ND BAY ) FOR FEEDER-1 & 2

2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-2 TIE BAY (2ND BAY ) FOR FEEDER-1 & 2.
BUS-1

16. THE BAY BETWEEN BUS-2 & LINE-2 IS CALLED MAIN BAY FOR FEEDER-2.
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1
MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-1 17. IN THIS SYSTEM FULL DIA MEANS 2 FEEDERS CONTROLLED BY 3 CBs.

18. HALF DIA MEANS 1 FEEDER CONTROLLED BY 2 CBs.
(Nothing but Double CB System)
1-52 CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1

2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
BUS-1 GOPALA KRISHNA PALEPU

ADE/MRT/ T&C/400KV SS/
O/O CE/400KV / L&SS/ VS
APTRANSCO, HYDERABAD
gk_aptransco@yahoo.co.in
1-52 CB Mobile: 9440336984
BUS-1 BUS-2
LINE-1

2-52 CB
LINE-2
2-52 CB
3-52 CB
LINE-1 LINE-2
SUBSTATION DESIGN/LAYOUT
(I-CONFIGUARATION)
FEEDER1 FEEDER3 FEEDER5 FEEDER7 FEEDER9 FEEDER11
BUS-1 DIA1 DIA2 DIA3 DIA4 DIA5 DIA6
BAY13
BAY10
BAY16
BAY1
BAY4
BAY7
BAY14
BAY11
BAY17
BAY2
BAY5
BAY8
BAY12
BAY15
BAY18
BAY3
BAY6
BAY9
BUS-2

(D-CONFIGUARATION)
BAY2 BAY8 BAY14
BAY13
BAY15
BAY3
BAY1
BAY7
BAY9
DIA1 DIA3 DIA5
BUS-1
BUS-2
BAY18
BAY12
BAY6
BAY10
BAY16
BAY4
DIA2 DIA4 DIA6
BAY5 BAY11 BAY17

(DOUBLE BUS & DOUBLE BREAKER SYSTEM)
FEEDER1 FEEDER3 FEEDER1 FEEDER3
BUS-1
BAY2
BAY6
BAY1
BAY5
BAY1
BAY3
BAY5
BAY7
BUS-1
BUS-2
BAY2
BAY4
BAY6
BAY8
BAY4
BAY8
BAY3
BAY7
BUS-2

FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 800KV SYSTEM
FEEDER 8 FEEDER 1 FEEDER 2
1-52 CB 2-52 CB
8-52 CB 3-52 CB
FEEDER 7
MESH / RING FEEDER 3
LAYOUT
7-52 CB 4-52 CB
6-52 CB 5-52 CB
FEEDER 6 FEEDER 5 FEEDER 4

(DOUBLE MAIN BUS & TRANSFER BUS SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
BUS-1
BUS COUPLER
BUS-2
TRANSFER BUS
COUPLER
BAY3 BAY4 BAY5
BAY1 BAY2 TRANSFER BUS BAY6 BAY7 BAY8
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 400 & 220 KV SYSTEM
(DOUBLE MAIN BUS & CB BYPASS ISO SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
BAY1 BAY2 BAY4 BAY6 BAY7

BUS-1
BUS-2 BUS COUPLER

BAY3 BAY5
WHEN ANY CB PROBLEM OR FOR

PREVENTIVE MAINTANENCE THEN ALL
OTHER FEEDERS SHIFTED TO
ANOTHER BUS OF FAULTED CB BUS
AND CLOSE THE BYPASS ISOLATOR,
THEN PROTECTION IS SHIFTED TO BUS
COUPLER AND OPEN THE FAULTY CB.
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220KV SYSTEM

(SINGLE BUS & TRANSFER BUS SYSTEM)
T/F-1 T/F-2
TRANSFER BUS
BUS-1 TRANSFER BUS COUPLER

BAY1 BAY2 BAY3 BAY4 BAY5 BAY6 BAY7
FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220 & 132 KV SYSTEM
CT METHODS
IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
DIFFERENT CT METHODS OF ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
CB CB CB
3 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
4 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
5 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
6 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
6 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
CB CB CB
6 CT METHOD
LINE AT/F
ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
(3CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3 3 3-CT
P1 P1
1-89A 3-89A
2-CT
3
3
P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
LINE 1
T/F-1
(4CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3 3 3-CT
P1 P1
1-89A 3-89A
2-ACT 2-BCT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
LINE 1
T/F-1
(5CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
1-CT 3P1 3 3-CT
P1
1-89A 3-89A
2-CT
3
P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2 P2
1L-CT 3P1 P1
3 3T-CT
LINE 1
T/F-1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1A-CT 3A-CT 3 P1
1-52CB 3-52CB
P1 P1
P2
3 1B-CT 3B-CT 3
P2
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
T/F-1
LINE 1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
1-52CB 3-52CB
P2 P2
P1
3 1-CT 3-CT 3
P1
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2
P2
3 1L-CT
3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
(6CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1-CT P1
3 3-CT
1-52CB 3-52CB
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
1-89L 3-89T
P2
P2
3 1L-CT
3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
(8CT METHOD)
BUS-1 BUS-2
1-89 3-89
P2 P2
P1
3 1A-CT 3A-CT 3 P1
1-52CB 3-52CB
P1 P1
P2
3 1B-CT 3B-CT 3
P2
1-89A 3-89A
2A-CT 2B-CT
3
3
P2 P1 P1 P2
2-89A 2-52CB 2-89B
3-89T
1-89L
P2
P2
3 1L-CT 3T-CT 3 P1
P1
T/F-1
LINE 1
TYPICAL ONE & HALF BREAKER
SYSTEM ADOPTED IN GIS
DS : DISCONNECTOR SWITCH, GS: GROUNDING SWITCH, CT: CURRENT TRANSFORMER, VD: VOLTAGE DIVIDER
TYPICAL ONE & HALF BREAKER
SYSTEM ADOPTED IN GIS
DS : DISCONNECTOR SWITCH, GS: GROUNDING SWITCH, CT: CURRENT TRANSFORMER, VD: VOLTAGE DIVIDER
1-1/2 CB SYSTEM
(SIEMENS VATECH)
VD VD
VD VD
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
GS
CT CT CT CT CT CT
DS CB DS DS CB DS DS CB DS
CORE WISE
APLICATION OF
CTs IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
CONNECTIONS IN 3CT METHOD
1 – CT 2 – CT 3 – CT
2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE
CORE – 1 BUSBAR-1 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
( PS) PROTECTION CONNECTED TO MAIN
PROTECTION FOR TRANSFORMER
BUSBAR-1
CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
CORE – 2 CHECKUP
CONNECTED TO BACKUP
( PS) PROTECTION
PROTECTION AFTER LBB/BFR FOR
(SPARE)
TRANSFORMER
CORE – 3 SPARE
METERING & ENERGY METER FOR
( 0.5 / 0.2) AT/F
CORE – 4 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR

SPARE
(0.5 / 0.2) FEEDER
BUSBAR-2
CHECKUP
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1 – CT 2 – CT 3 – CT
CORE – 1 BUSBAR-1 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
( PS) PROTECTION CONNECTED TO MAIN
PROTECTION FOR TRANSFORMER
BUSBAR-1
CORE – 2 CHECKUP
CONNECTED TO BACKUP
( PS) PROTECTION
(SPARE)
TRANSFORMER
CORE – 3 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR

SPARE
(0.5 / 0.2) FEEDER
BUSBAR-2
CORE – 4 CONNECTED TO MAIN-2
CHECKUP
( PS) PROTECTION
(SPARE)
FEEDER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1- CT 2-BCT 2-ACT 3-CT
CT SECONDARY SPARE SPARE CT SECONDARY
CORE-1 CORE IS CORE IS
(PS) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
BUSBAR-1 BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION PROTECTION
BUSBAR-1 SPARE SPARE BUSBAR-2
CORE-2 CHECKUP CHECKUP
(PS) PROTECTION PROTECTION
(SPARE) (SPARE)
2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES ARE
CORE-3 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
(0.5/0.2) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
PANEL METERS & ENERGY METER PANEL METERS & ENERGY METER
CORE-4 CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED IN PARALLEL AND
(PS) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
MAIN-2 PROTECTION BACKUP PROTECTION
AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR
CORE-5 CONNECTED CONNECTED
(PS) IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED TO IN PARALLEL AND CONNECTED TO
MAIN-1 PROTECTION MAIN PROTECTION
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1-CT 1-LCT 2-CT 3-TCT 3-CT
BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-1 TEED PROT-1 BUSBAR-2
CORE-1 PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) PROTECTION
(PS)
BUSBAR-1 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 TEED PROT-2 BUSBAR-2
CORE-2 CHECKUP (BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3) (BAY 2&3) CHECKUP
(PS) PROTECTION PROTECTION
(SPARE) (SPARE)
SPARE METERING & SPARE METERING & SPARE

CORE-3 ENERGY ENERGY
(0.5/0.2) METER METER
TEED PROT-2 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 BACKUP TEED PROT-2

CORE-4 (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS) AFTER AFTER AFTER
LBB/BFR LBB/BFR LBB/BFR
(1-52) (2-52) (3-52)
TEED PROT-1 MAIN-1 TEED PROT-1 MAIN TEED PROT-1
CORE-5 (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 1&2) PROTECTION (BAY 2&3)
(PS)
Paralleling of 2Nos CTs to the Main-1/Main-2/Backup line protection is not required. This gives better
transient response. Separate STUB protection can be connected (Nothing BUT TEED Protection).
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
(GIS or AIS with DEAD TANK CBs)
1B-CT 1A-CT 2B-CT 2A-CT 3A-CT 3B-CT
CORE-1 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION ARE CONNECTED ARE CONNECTED PROTECTION
(PS) IN PARALLEL AND IN PARALLEL AND
CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
MAIN-1 PROTECTION MAIN-1 PROTECTION
CORE-2 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2

CHECKUP ARE CONNECTED IN ARE CONNECTED IN CHECKUP
(PS) PROTECTION PARALLEL AND PARALLEL AND PROTECTION
(SPARE) CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO (SPARE)
MAIN-2 PROTECTION BACKUP PROTECTION
AFTER LBB/BFR AFTER LBB/BFR
CORE-3 SPARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES SPARE

ARE CONNECTED IN ARE CONNECTED IN
(0.5/0.2) PARALLEL AND PARALLEL AND
CONNECTED TO CONNECTED TO
PANEL METERS & PANEL METERS &
ENERGY METER ENERGY METER
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1-CT 1L-CT 2A-CT 2B-CT 3T-CT 3-CT
CORE- TEED SPARE SPARE TEED BUSBAR
BUSBAR- PROT-1 PROT-1 -2
1 1 (BAY (BAY PROTEC
(PS) PROTEC 1&2) 2&3) TION
TION
CORE- BUSBAR- TEED SPARE SPARE TEED BUSBAR
1 PROT-2 PROT-2 -2
2 CHECKU (BAY (BAY CHECKU
(PS) P 1&2) 2&3) P
PROTECTIO PROTECTIO
N (SPARE) N (SPARE)
CORE- SPARE METERI SPARE SPARE METERI SPARE

NG & NG &
3 ENERGY ENERGY
(0.5/0.2 METER METER
)
CURRENT TRANSFORMER
1B- 1A- 1L- 2B- 2A- 3T- 3A- 3B-
CT CT CT CT CT CT CT CT
CORE BUSBAR-
LBB
TEED
LBB LBB
TEED
LBB
BUSBAR-
1 MAIN-1 PROT-1 PROT-1 2 MAIN-1
-1 PROTECT
PROT
(BAY
PROT PROT
(BAY
PROT
PROTECT
(BAY-1) (BAY-2) (BAY-2) (BAY-3)
(PS) ION 1&2) 2&3) ION
CORE BUSBAR-
LBB
TEED TEED TEED TEED
LBB
BUSBAR-
1 MAIN-2 PROT-2 PROT-1 PROT-2 PROT-2 2 MAIN-2
-2 PROTECT
PROT
(BAY (BAY (BAY (BAY
PROT
PROTECT
(BAY-1) (BAY-3)
(PS) ION 1&2) 2&3) 2&3) 2&3) ION
CORE TEED TEEDPR

MAIN-2
TEED TEED BACKU TEED TEED
PROT-2 OT-1 PROT-2 PROT-1 P PROT-1 PROT-2
-3 (BAY (BAY PROTECT (BAY (BAY PROTECT (BAY (BAY
ION
(PS) 1&2) 1&2) 1&2) 1&2) ION 2&3) 2&3)
CORE TEED-1 FOR MAIN-

MAIN TEED-1 FOR BAY-
1
-4 BAY-1 & 2 IS:
PROTE
SOME TIMES PROTE 2 & 3 IS:
1L-CT, 1A-CT & DUPLICATED CTION 3T-CT, 3A-CT &
CT CORES
CONEECTION
DIAGRAMS IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BUS
3
3
3
3
1-89
/ CVT
3 2 1
BB-EVT
1-52CB
P2
1
BUS BAR PROTECTION 3

2
BUS BAR CHECKUP PROT 3

3
METERING 3
1-CT
CORES
4
MAIN-2/BACKUP PROTECTION
3
5
MAIN-1 PROTECTION 3
P1
SINGLE BUS SYSTEM
1-89L
1
2
3 3
3
3
3
1-CVT
ONE & HALF BREAKER ( 3 CT METHOD) WITH PROTECTION SCHEME
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
79
CVT 21M1 VL1
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 BF
OR VBB2
VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2
BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2
BF MAIN-2 PROTECTION OF LINE2

(OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VL2 / VL1 79
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
FOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION &
BUSBAR-2
METERING VOLTAGE SELECTION RELAYS
87BB2 FOR BUS-1, BUS-2& LINE ARE PROVIDED .
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
79
CVT 21M1 VL1
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 BF
OR VBB2
VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25 BF
VL2 / VBB2
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2
MAIN-2 PROTECTION OF LINE2

BF
VL2 / VL1 79
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
BUSBAR-2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
CVT 21M1 VL1

VBB1
BF
79
VBB1 25 VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
VL1 / VL2
OR VBB2 FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25 BF
VL2 / VBB2
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2

PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 BF MAIN-2
VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT
25
VBB2
BUSBAR-2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
79
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1
VL1 / VL2 87L 21M2
.
BF 87 TD2 LZ
OR VBB2
CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2
BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
. MAIN-1
CVT VL2
BF 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2 OR VBB1 MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
25
VBB2
BUSBAR-2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
79
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1
VL1 / VL2 87L 21M2
.
BF 87 TD2 LZ
OR VBB2
CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2 BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
. MAIN-1
CVT VL2
BF 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2 OR VBB1 MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
25
VBB2
BUSBAR-2
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
21M1 VL1
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
VBB1
BF VL1
87L 21M2
87 TD2 LZ
79
CVT VL1
VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 FEEDER1 / LINE1
OR VBB2
79
VL1 / VBB1
25
VL2 / VBB2 BF
FEEDER2 / LINE2
VL2 / VL1 79
OR VBB1
CVT VL2
25 MAIN-1
VBB2 87 TD2 LZ
PROTECTION OF LINE2
BF (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
VBB2
MAIN-2
CVT 87 TD1 HZ
BUSBAR-2
CVT VBB1 (WITH LATEST CONCEPT)
BUSBAR-1
VL1 / VL2
OR VBB2 VL1
25 21M1
VBB1
79
BF VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
87BB
VL1 / VBB1
VL2 / VBB2
IN THIS CONCEPT FOR ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
A NEW RELAY DEVELOPED WHICH INCLUDES
25 AUTO RECLOSURE + CHECK SYN + LBB RELAY(79+25+50).
FROM THIS RELAY TO BUSBAR RELAY
79 ONLY FIBRE OPTIC CONNECTION(NO PHYSICAL).
THE DATA WILL BE COMMUNICATED BETWEEN 87BB & LBB.
BF IN THIS 1+1 DUPLICATED BUSBAR PROTECTION IS ADOPTED.
87BB
FEEDER2 / LINE2
MAIN-1 CVT VL2

BF
PROTECTION OF LINE2
79 (OR TRANSFORMER, IF APPLICABLE)
MAIN-2
VBB2
25
VL2 / VL1
OR VBB1 FOR TRANSFORMER PROTECTION &
BUSBAR-2
CVT VBB2 FOR BUS-1, BUS-2& LINE ARE PROVIDED .
21L1- LINE DIST PROT1

87T1- ICT DIFF PROT1

67HV- ICT DIR O/C,E/F
BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
87 BB M1
87 BB M2
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
87 BB M1
87 BB M2
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MAIN-2
MET+SYN
MET+SYN
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MAIN-1
BUS-II
BUS-I
2-52CB
1-52CB
3-52CB
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MET+SYN
DISTURBANCE RECORDER,
DISTURBANCE RECORDER, EVENT RECORDER,
EVENT RECORDER, FAULT LOCATOR ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS IN BOTH
ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS IN BOTH NUMERICAL DIFF PROT RELAYS
NUMERICAL DIST PROT RELAYS 87T1 & 87T2
21L1 & 21L2

LATEST CONCEPT
REDUNDANT LINE PROTECTION FOR ICT CVT IS NOT AVAILABLE.
REDUNDANT ICT PROTECTION ACCORDING TO CONDITION IT IS SELECTED
BUS-1 CVT OR BUS-2 CVT OR LINE CVT
REDUNDANT BUSBAR PROTECTION HV & LV OVER FLUX PROT ARE IN BUILT.
LBB IS IN BUILT FUNCTION OF BUSBAR ICT HV METERING IS BUSHING CT

67HV- ICT DIR O/C,E/F

BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
BUSBAR PROTN
87 BB M1
87 BB M2
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
87 BB M1
87 BB M2
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MAIN-2
MET+SYN
MET+SYN
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MAIN-1
BUS-II
BUS-I
2-52CB
1-52CB
3-52CB
MAIN-1
MAIN-2
MET+SYN
EVENT RECORDER,
EVENT RECORDER, FAULT LOCATOR
ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS IN BOTH
ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS IN BOTH
NUMERICAL DIFF PROT RELAYS
NUMERICAL DIST PROT RELAYS
87T1 & 87T2
21L1 & 21L2

LATEST CONCEPT
FOR ICT CVT IS NOT AVAILABLE.
REDUNDANT LINE PROTECTION
ACCORDING TO CONDITION IT IS SELECTED
REDUNDANT ICT PROTECTION BUS-1 CVT OR BUS-2 CVT OR LINE CVT
REDUNDANT BUSBAR PROTECTION HV & LV OVER FLUX PROT ARE IN BUILT
LBB IS IN BUILT FUNCTION OF BUSBAR
NUMERICAL BUSBAR SCHEME INCL LBB/BFR/CBF
(DECENTRALISED & CENTRALISED ARCHITECTURE)
DECENTRALISED CONCEPT CENTRALISED CONCEPT
FO (REB 500) ABB
BU/PU
(REB 670) ABB
OR
(7 SS 52) SIEMENS (487B) SEL
FO
OR OR
BU/PU
OR
(MICOM P740) AREVA
(MICOM P746) AREVA
BU/PU
FO
BU / PU TO BUSBAR
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LBB INBUILT FEATURE
LBB INBUILT FEATURE
COMPARISION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CT METHODS
CT 3 CT 4 CT 6 CT (S) 5 CT 6 CT (T1) 6 CT (T2)
PURPOSE METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD METHOD
BUSBAR & 1 CT 1 CT 1B CT 1 CT 1 CT 1 CT
BUSBAR
ABOVE FOR BUS-1 & BELOW FOR BUS-2
CHECKUP
PROTECTION 3 CT 3 CT 3B CT 3 CT 3 CT 3 CT
1 - CT & 2 - 1 CT & 2 B 1 A – CT & 1 L - CT 1 L - CT 1 L - CT
CT - CT 2 B – CT
MAIN-1 ABOVE CT SECONDARIES ARE ABOVE FOR FEEDER-1
MAIN-2
CONNECTED PARALLEL FOR FEEDER-1 BELOW FOR FEEDER-2
PROTECTION
BELOW CT SECONDARIES ARE
&
METERING
CONNECTED PARALLEL FOR FEEDER-2
3 - CT & 2 – 3 - CT & 2 A 3 A - CT & 2 3 L - CT 3 L - CT 3 L – CT
CT - CT A - CT
STUB-1 & STUB-2 PROTECTION TEED-1 & TEED-2 PROTECTION
FOR LINE & AT/F FOR LINE & AT/F
ADDITIONAL STUB-1 & STUB-2 PROTECTION IS A TEED–1 IS NORMALLY HIGH IMPEDENCE
PROTECTION NORMALLY INBUILT PROTECTION FOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY & TEED-2 IS
MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 RELAYS, IN CASE OF NORMALLY LOW IMPEDENCE
AVAILABLE
LATEST NUMERICAL RELAYS. STUB DIFFERENTIAL RELAY. THESE ARE NOT
PROTECTION WORKS WHEN LINE INBUILT FUNCTIONS OF MAIN-1 &
ISOLATOR OPEN CONDITION ONLY. MAIN-2 RELAYS.
A FAULT BETWEEN CIRCUIT BREAKERS AND CT (END FAULT) MAY THEN STILL BE FED FROM ONE SIDE
BLIND EVEN WHEN THE BREAKER HAS BEEN OPENED. CONSEQUENTLY, FINAL FAULT CLEARING BY CASCADED
ZONE TRIPPING HAS TO BE ACCEPTED IN THIS CASE. THIS SITUATION LBB/BFR OPERATES AND TIME TAKEN
TO CLEAR FAULT IS ABOUT 300 mSECs. THIS IS BLIND ZONE AREA.
400KV C.T. INFORMATION
P1 P2
PRIMARY CONNECTIONS : P1 – P2
CURRENT RATING : 2000 AMPS
SECONDARY P1 P2
CONNECTIONS
COR CLAS PURPOS CURRENT RATING : 1A
ES S E
2000/ 1000/
500/ 1A 5S1
U
1A 1A
3
3
1S1 5S2
1S2 5S3
1S3 5S4
BUSBA 1S1 –
3
4S1
U
2S1
2S2
3 4S2
COR R 1S1 – 1S2 __ 2S3 4S3
PS
U 4S4
3
E-1 PROTE 1S3 1S2 – 1
1S S1
1
5S S2
3S4
3S2
3S3
3S1
3
CTION 1S3
1S 2
3 5 S3
5 S4
U
3 5
4S1
HAIR
3
U
BUSBA PIN /
3
4S2
2S12 4S3
2S 3
R 2S1 – 2S
U 4S4
U SHAPE
3
COR CHECK 2S1 – 2S2 DESIGN
3S4
3S2
3S3
3S1
PS __
E-2 UP 2S3 2S2 – EYE BOLT
PROTE 2S3 DESIGN
CTION DEAD TANK DESIGN
MAIN-1, MAIN-2
PROTECTION &
METERING
FOR LINE
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
NORMS OF PROTECTION FOLLOWED IN APTRANSCO
FOR TRANSMISIION LINES & DISTRIBUTION LINES ( FEEDER / LINE PROTECTION )
Sr. VOLTAG MAIN- 1 PROTECTION MAIN-2 PROTECTION/
No E BACKUP PROTECTION
1.
11 KV 2 O/L + E/F ( 51 + 51N ) -
LINES
2.
33 KV 3 O/L + E/F ( 51 + 51N ) -
LINES
3.
66 KV SWITCHED DISTANCE
LINES SCHEME OR DIRECTIONAL O/L & E/F
RELAYS WITH HIGH SET
132 KV NUMERICAL DISTANCE ( 67 + 67N )
4. SCHEME (21P+ 21N)
LINES
NON SWITCHED SWITCHED DISTANCE
5.
220 KV DISTANCE SCHEME OR SCHEME OR
LINES NUMERICAL DISTANCE NUMERICAL DISTANCE
SCHEME (21P + 21N) SCHEME (21P+ 21N)
NUMERICAL DISTANCE NUMERICAL DISTANCE
6.
400 KV SCHEME (21P + 21N) + in SCHEME (21) OR LINE
LINES BUILT DEF RELAY(67N) DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME
(87L) WITH 67N
NUMERICAL DISTANCE NUMERICAL DISTANCE
7.
765 KV SCHEME (21P + 21N) + in SCHEME (21) OR LINE
MAIN-1 PROTECTION FOR LINE (21L1)
(4CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 VR11 / E111
IY5 / A531 VY11 / E131
1-CT
IB5 / A551 VB11 / E151
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4 VN11 / E171
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2 IN5 / A571
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 1
6 CT METHOD : 1-ACT & 2-BCT
4 CT METHOD : 1-CT & 2-BCT
200VA
3 CT METHOD : 1-CT & 2-CT
CLASS: 3P
CT MB
2-BCT
CORE-5
3 3 3
5S2 5S2 5S2
5S4 5S4 5S4

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
(4CT METHOD) (NEW DEVELOPMENT)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 IA =250.10 A VR11 / E111 1-CVT
IY5 / A531 IB =250.10 A VY11 / E131 CORE – 1
1-CT
IB5 / A551 IC =250.10 A VB11 / E151
3 3 3 200VA
CORE-5 5S4 5S4 5S4
VAB =400.0 KV VN11 / E171
IN5 / A571 CLASS: 3P
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2
VBC =400.0 KV
CLASS: PS VCA =400.0 KV
ESC ENT
CT MB ENABLED
TARGET
TRIP RESET
INST PH-A
2-BCT IN5 / A571 TIME PH-B
COMM PH-C
CORE-5
3 3 3
5S2 5S2 5S2 SOTF GND
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S4 5S4 5S4
IB5 / A551 ZONE1 50
ZONE2 51
CLASS: PS IY5 / A531 ZONE3 79 RESET
ZONE4 79 LOCKOUT
IR5 / A511
SEL- 421
P2 P2 P2 SEL PROTECTION
AUTOMATION
CONTROL
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR5 / A511 VR11 / E111
IY5 / A531 VY11 / E131
1-LCT
IB5 / A551 VB11 / E151
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4 VN11 / E171
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2 IN5 / A571
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 1
200VA
CLASS: 3P
(4CT METHOD)
50Z
P2 P2 P2 CT MB LBB/BFR 21 L2
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211
IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231
1-CT
IB4 / C451 VB21 / E251
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 2
200VA
CLASS: 3P
CT MB
2-BCT
CORE-4
3 3 3
4S2 4S2 4S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4
CLASS: PS
50ZT
P2 P2 P2
LBB/BFR
(4CT METHOD) ( NEW DEVELOPMENT)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211 1-CVT
IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231 CORE – 2
1-CT
IB4 / C451 VB21 / E251
3 3 3 200VA
CORE-4 4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471 CLASS: 3P
CLASS: PS
CT MB
2-BCT IN4 / C471

CORE-4
3 3 3
4S2 4S2 4S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

IB4 / C451
CLASS: PS IY4 / C431
IR4 / C411
P2 P2 P2
MULTI FUNCTION NUMERICAL RELAY FOR
MULTI BREAKER, MULTI CT & CVT/PT APPLICATION
(NEW APPLICATION) (ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM or RING BUS SYSTEM)
3
1-52 CB 2-52 CB 3-52 CB
3
3
BUS-1 PT BUS-2 PT
3
3
59 50 BF-1 50 BF-2
79-1 79-2 25-1 25-2
1-52,2-52: MAIN & TIE CIRCUIT BREAKER

21P 50P 51P 67P 21P: PHASE DISTANCE PROTECTION
27 21N: GROUND DISTANCE PROTECTION
27: UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY
21N 50N 51N 67N
67: DIRECTIONAL RELAY
50: INST OVER CURRENT RELAY
51: TIME OVER CURRENT RELAY
59: OVER VOLTAGE RELAY
3
3
64: EARTH FAULT RELAY
50BF-1: LBB/BFR OF MAIN CB
LINE CVT 50BF-2: LBB/BFR OF TIE CB
79-1,2: AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY OF
MAIN & TIE CB
25-1,2: CHECK SYNCHRONISAM RELAY
LINE FOR MAIN & TIE CB
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VR21 / E211
IY4 / C431 VY21 / E231
1-LCT
IB4 / C451 VB21 / E251
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / C471
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 2
200VA
CLASS: 3P
MULTI FUNCTION PANEL METERING & ENERGY METER
(4CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR3 / D311
IY3 / D331
1-CT
IB3 / D351
CORE-3 3 3 3
3S4 3S4 3S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S2 3S2 3S2 IN3 / D371

CLASS: 0.5
CT MB VR31 / E311
VY31 / E331
VB31 / E351
2-BCT
3 3 3
3S2 3S2 3S2 VN31 / E371
CORE-3
3S4 3S4 3S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
1-CVT
CLASS: 0.5 CORE – 3
100VA
P2 P2 P2 CLASS: 0.5/0.2
MULTI FUNCTION PANEL METERING & ENERGY METER
(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR3 / D311
IY3 / D331
1-LCT
IB3 / D351
CORE-3 3 3 3
3S4 3S4 3S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 3S2 3S2 3S2
CLASS: 0.5/0.2
IN3 / D371
VR31 / E311
VY31 / E331
VB31 / E351
VN31 / E371
1-CVT
CORE – 3
100VA
CLASS: 0.5/0.2
LBB & BUSBAR
PROTECTION
SCHEMES
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF LBB/BFR PROTECTION
LOCAL BREAKER BACKUP PROTECTION
A PROTECTION WHICH IS DESIGNED TO CLEAR A SYSTEM
FAULTY BY INITIATING TRIPPING OTHER CIRCUIT BREAKER(S) IN
THE CASE OF FAILURE TO TRIP OF THE APPROPRIATE CIRCUIT
BREAKER.
IN MODERN NETWORKS THE CRITICAL FAULT CLEARING
TIME MAY BE LESS THAN 200ms. HENCE, IF THE FAULT IS NOT
CLEARED DUE TO FAILURE OF THE PRIMARY PROTECTIVE RELAYS
OR THEIR ASSOCIATED CIRCUIT BREAKER, A FAST ACTING BACK-UP
PROTECTIVE RELAY MUST CLEAR THE FAULT.
THERE ARE TWO BASIC FORMS.
REMOTE BACK-UP.
LOCAL BACK-UP.
REMOTE BACK-UP
PROVIDES BACK-UP PROTECTION FOR THE BOTH THE RELAYS
(MAIN-1 & MAIN-2) AND BREAKERS AT REMOTE
SUBSTATION.
LOCAL BACK-UP
LOCAL BACK-UP PROTECTION CAN BE DEVIDED INTO TWO
CATAGORIES.
RELAY BACK-UP
BREAKER BACK-UP
RELAY BACK-UP
 DUPLICATE PRIMARY PROTECTION. i.e ONE IS NON SWITCHED
DISTANCE PROTECTION AND ANOTHER IS SWITCHED DISTANCE SCHEME
OR OTHER WISE BOTH SCHEMES CHARECTERSTICS ARE DIFFERENT
(QUADRALATERAL, MHO CIRCULAR, TAMOTO & OPTICAL ) OR
DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS(ABB, ALSTOM, SIEMENS, EASUN REYROLL,
SEL, GE, NXT PHASE OR BASLER) OR DIFFERENT METHODS (i.e
ELECTROMECHANICAL, STATIC, NUMERICAL{MICROPROCESSOR &DSP}).
IF MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 ARE NUMERICAL RELAYS BOTH SHOULD BE
SEPARATE CHARECTERESTICS AND SEPARATE MODELS AND ALL
FEATURES SHOULD BE AVAILABLE IN BOTH SCHEMES AND BOTH
RELAYS SHOULD BE 100% REDENDENCY IN ALL ASPECTS.
TO INCREASE THE SECURITY, THE CIRCUIT BREAKER HAS TWO
TRIP COILS, ONE IS CONNECTED TO MAIN-1 PROTECTION AND ANOTHER
IS CONNECTED TO MAIN-2 PROTECTION.
BREAKER BACK-UP
BECAUSE OF THE HIGH COST OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT
BREAKERS, IT IS NOT FEASIBLE TO DUPLICATE THEM.
IN CASE OF A BREAKER FAILURE THE OTHER CIRCUIT
BREAKERS CONNECTED TO THE SAME BUS AS THE FAULTED BREAKER
MUST THERE FORE BE TRIPPED.
LBB/BFR FLOW CHART
MAIN TRIP RESET
PROTECTION YES FAULT YES BREAKER
MAIN CLEARED
OPERATED FAILURE
BREAKER
SCHEME
NO
RETRIP
TRIP
YES WAIT FOR BACK-UP/
INITIATE FAULT AND
BFR Adjacent
CLEARENCE BREAKERS
The Breaker Failure Protection (LBB/BFR) can operate single-stage/two-stage.

When used as single-stage protection, the Bus trip command is given to the
adjacent Circuit Breakers if the protected feeder Breaker fails.
When used as two-stage protection, the first stage can be used to repeat the
trip command to the relevant feeder Breaker, normally on a different trip coil, if
the initial trip command from the feeder protection is not successful. The
second stage will result in a Bus trip to the adjacent Breakers, if the command
of the first stage is not successful.
LBB/BFR TIME CO-ORDINATION CHART
FAULT OCCURS
NORMAL CLEARING TIME

NORMAL
CLEARING
PROTECTIVE RELAY RESETTING TIME OF THE
FOR EX: DISTANCE RELAY CURRENT MEASURING UNITS
BREAKER
INTURUPTING TIME MARGIN
~30ms ~60ms <12ms
SET TIME OF THE TIME MEASURING UNIT TRIPPING BACK-UP BREAKER MARGIN
RELAY INTERUPTING TIME
TIME
BREAKER FAILURE RELAY START

INOPERATIVE
BREAKER
TOTAL CLEARING TIME OF THE BREAKER FAILURE RELAY
MAXIMUM FAULT CLEARING TIME BEFORE SYSTEM INSTABILITY

LBB/BFR LOGIC LED
A/D
CURRENT INPUTS (PHASE START)
CONVERTER PHASE CURRENT SET POINT
ALARM RELAY
~
PHASE L1
(PHASE START)
I > ISET &
PHASE L2/E
>1
PHASE L3 I > ISET &
||| ALARM RELAY
EARTH CURRENT SET POINT
(EARTH START)
OUT PUT OF DISTANCE RELAY OR
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT RELAY LED
(EARTH START)
BINARY INPUT
CIRCUIT BREAKER FAILURE INITIATE
TIMING/OUTPUT TRIP T1
TIME STAGE T1 RELAY
STAGE
& LED
0 1
ALARM T1
TIME STAGE T2 & RELAY
SWITCHED OFF
>1 TRIP T2
TIME STAGE T2
RELAY
O&
LED
0 1 LED
CB FAILURE
INITIATE
LBB/BFR PROTECTION
LINE1 AT/F-1
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
50Z 50ZT 50Z

 LBB/BFR IS LOCAL BREAKER BACKUP PROTECTION/
BREAKER FAILURE RELAY.
 1No RELAY IS PROVIDED FOR EACH BREAKER.
 THIS IS CURRENT OPERATED RELAY.
 THIS RELAY IS ENERGISED WHEN MASTER TRIP RELAY(86-
A OR/AND 86-B)
OPERATES OR SINGLE PHASE TRIP RELAYS OPERATES AND
GIVEN SIGNAL TO BREAKER FOR TRIP.
 IN THIS RELAY TIME DELAY IS PROVIDED.
 THIS RELAY OPERATES WHEN THE BREAKER IS UNDER
TROUBLE/ FAILS TO OPERATE.
 AFTER ENERGISED THE RELAY AND TIME DELAY
COMPLETES, EVEN CURRENT IS THERE THIS THINKS BREAKER
1-52 CB LBB/BFR OPERATION
ABB
86-A
86-A
REL521
MAIN-1
ABB
86-B
86-B
REL316
MAIN-2
DIRECT TRIP 1&2 50Z

VIA CARRIER TO
OTHER END
BUSBAR-1
PROTECTION OPTD
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY
AND BUSBAR-1
OF TIE CB(2-52CB)
ISOLATED
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2 TC-2 TC-1
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Main Circuit Breaker Trips the Connected Bus, Tie Circuit
Breaker, and Remote End Circuit Breaker
ABB ABB
86-A
REL521 RET521
MAIN-1 MAIN-1
ABB ABB
86-B
REL316 RET316
MAIN-2 MAIN-2
50ZT
DIRECT TRIP 1&2 INTER TRIP TO
VIA CARRIER LVCB & TBCCB
TO OTHER END
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY TO 86-B TRIP RELAY

OF LINE CB(1-52CB) OF AT/F(ICT) CB (3-52CB)
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Tie Circuit Breaker Trips the Both Main Circuit Breakers
and Remote End Circuit Breakers ( In case of Transformer LV Circuit Breaker)
ABB
86-A
86-A
RET521
MAIN-1
ABB
86-B
86-B
RET316
MAIN-2
50Z
INTER TRIP TO
LV CB & TBC CB
BUSBAR-2
PROTECTION OPTD
TO 86-B TRIP RELAY
AND BUSBAR-2
OF TIE CB(2-52CB)
ISOLATED
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB

TC-1 TC-2 TC-2 TC-1
BUS-1 BUS-2
Breaker Failure Relay of the Main Circuit Breaker Trips the Connected Bus, Tie Circuit
Breaker, and Remote End Circuit Breaker ( In case of Transformer LV Circuit Breaker)
BASICS OF BUSBAR PROTECTION
NEED FOR BUSBAR PROTECTION
 IN ITS ABSENCE FAULT CLEARING TAKES PLACE IN ZONE-2 OF DISTANCE RELAY BY
REMOTE END TRIPPING.
 THIS MEANS SLOW AND UNSELECTIVE TRIPPING AND WIDE SPREAD BLACKOUT.
EFFECT OF DELAYED CLEARENCE
 GREATER DAMAGE AT FAULT POINT.
 INDIRECT SHOCK TO CONNECTED EQUIPMENT LIKE SHAFTS OF GENERATOR AND
WINDINGS OF TRANSFORMER.
BASIC THEORY
 KIRCHOFF’s CURRENT LAW STATES THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENTS ENTERING A
GIVEN NODE MUST BE EQUAL TO THE CURRENTS LEAVING AT THAT NODE.
BUS BAR PROTECTION SYSTEMS
1. HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
2. MODERATE-IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
3. LOW-IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
4. NUMERICAL BUS DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENCIAL PROTECTION
THE HIGH IMPEDENCE PROTECTION SCHEME, ON THE OTHER HAND, IS A GOOD SOLUTION FOR
SINGLE BUSBAR ARRANGEMENTS , ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEMS OR RING BUSBARS, PROVIDING
THAT APPROPRIATE DEDICATED CT CORES ARE AVAILABLE FOR THIS USE ALONE. IT IS SENSTIVE,
STABLE & FAST PROTECTION.
HOWEVER, SPECIAL CT REQUIREMENTS, ADDITIONAL HIGH VOLTAGE DEVICE PROTECTION,
DEMANDING MAINTANENCE etc PUT RESTRICTIONS IN ITS APPLICATIONS.
A MEASURING CIRCUIT COMPRISES A HIGH-IMPEDENCE STABILIZING RESISTOR CONNECTED
ACROSS THE CIRCULATING CURRENT ARRANGEMENT OF ALL THE CTs IN PARALLEL. THE VALUE
OF THE STABILIZING RESISTOR IS CHOOSEN SUCH THAT THE VOLTAGE DROP ACROSS THE RELAY
CIRCUIT IS INSUFFICIENT TO OPERATE THE FAULTS OUTSIDE THE PROTECTED ZONE.
LIMITATIONS OF CONVENTIONAL HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
PUTS STRINGENT REQUIREMENTS ON CT’s. Class X for all CT Cores.
NEED FOR DEDICATED CT CORES. Separate CT Cores for BUSBAR and CHECK ZONE Protection.
IDENTICAL CT RATIO, MAGNETISING IMPEDENCE.
AUX CT’s RATIO CORRECTIONS UNACCEPTABLE.
IN ABILITY TO COPE WITH INCREASING FAULT CURRENT.
SLOW RESPONSE.
Advantage of Numerical Protection Technology (e.g. Fault recording, Communication etc) not available.
BASIC OPERATING TIME EXCLUDING RELAY TIME IS 15 – 20ms.
THIS RELAY REQUIRES CHECK ZONE FEATURE. THE TRIP COMMAND IS ONLY GIVEN WHEN
BOTH A DISCRIMINATING & CHECK ZONE SYSTEM OPERATES.
MEDIUM IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
MANY OF THE LIMITATIONS OF HIGH IMPEDENCE PROTECTION CAN BE
OVERCOME USING MODERATE MEDIUM IMPEDENCE PROTECTION (OR STABILIZED
HIGH-IMP SCHEME), WHICH IS A COMBINATION OF THE NORMAL HIGH-IMP AND
STABILIZED DIFFERENTIAL SCHEMES.
LOW IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
LOW IMPEDENCE PROTECTION(PERCENTAGE BIASED BUS DIFFERENTIAL RELAY) IS
MOST SUITABLE PROTECTION SCHEME FOR DOUBLE AND MULTIPLE BUSBAR SYSTEMS
(WITH OR WITHOUT TRANSFER BUS) WITH FEEDERS BEING SWITCHED BETWEEN
SECTIONS OF BUSBAR, WHICH OPERATES WITH FULL SELECTIVITY FOR ALL POSSIBLE
BUSBAR CONFIGUARATIONS.
ADVANTAGES
 FREE OF ANY NEED FOR MATCHED CT CHARACTERESTICS OR RATIOs, LOW
LEAKAGE REACTANCE OR RESISTANCE.
 OTHER PROTECTIVE RELAYS CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE SAME CIRCUIT.
 STABLE FOR INFINITE FAULT LEVELS. INSENSITIVE TO CT SATURATION.
 DETECTS FAULTS WITHIN 1 – 2ms & INITIATES TRIPPING WITHIN 5 – 7ms.
BASICS OF BUS BAR PROTECTION
BASIC THEORY
KIRCHOFF’s CURENT LAW STATES THAT THE SUM OF THE CURRENTS ENTERING A GIVEN NODE MUST BE EQUAL
TO THE CURRENTS LEAVING THAT NODE
EXTERNAL FAULT INTERNAL FAULT

IF
I1 I1
I2 I2
I3 I3
I4 I4
I5 I5
I6 I6
IF
IF= I6= I1+I2+I3+I4+I5 IF= I1+I2+I3+I4+I5+I6
HIGH IMPEDENCE BUSBAR PROTECTION
87BBC 96 BBC : BUSBAR
UU CHECK TRIPPING RELAY
UU
UU
UU 52 CIRCUIT
BREAKER
UU TRIP COIL
UU
UU
UU - VE
A varistor is normally applied
UU across the relay input terminals
UU to limit the voltage to a value
safely below the insulation
UU voltage of the secondary circuits
UU + VE
96 BBM : BUSBAR
87BBM MAIN TRIPPING RELAY
UU
UU
UU
UU
UU
UU
COIL
RESTRAINT
OPERATING OVER CURRENT

COIL COIL
Is
Id
52 CIRCUIT
BREAKER
TRIP COIL
OVER CURRENT
+VE
STARTER RELAYS
RELAY
-VE
TRIPPING
96 BUS BAR
LOW IMPEDENCE BUSBAR PROTECTION
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BUSBAR SCHEMES
HIGH IMPEDENCE PERCENTAGE BIASED
DETAILS LOW IMPEDENCE BUS
BUSBAR PROTECTION BAR PROTECTION
THE CURRENTS ENTERING AND LEAVING IT HAS DIFFERENTIAL AND BIAS
THE BUSBAR ARE COMPARED SETTING. THE RESULTANT BIAS IS
CONTINUOSLY. IT INVOLVES CHOOSING PROPOTIONAL TO ARITHMATIC SUM
PRINCIPL OF IMPEDENCE HIGH ENOUGH STABLISE OF ALL CURRENTS, WHEREAS THE
E THE RELAY FOR HEAVY EXTERNAL OPERATING CURRENT IS VECTOR SUM
FAULTS. THIS IS CIRCULATING CURRENT OF ALL CIRCUIT CURRENTS.
PRINCIPLE.
IT REQUIRES ALL IDENTICAL CT RATIO’s IT CAN WORK WITH CTs OF UNEQUAL
& TURNS RATIO. LOW RESISTANCE OF RATIOS ALSO. FREE OF ANY NEED OF
SECONDARY WINDING. Class X for all CT MATCHED CT CHARACTERESTIC OR
Cores. RATIOs LOW LEAKAGE REACTANCE
CTs MINIMUM KNEE POINT VOLTAGE OF 300- OR RESISTANCE. OTHER PROTECTIVE
500V. RELAYS CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE
LOW MAGNETISING CURRENT(FEW SAME CIRCUIT.
MILLIAMPS).
IMPOSES COMPARATIVELY HIGH BURDEN IMPOSES LESS BURDEN ON CTs.
BURDEN ON CTs. AUXILIARY CTs REDUCE THE AUXILIARY CTs HAVE NO EFFECT ON
PERFORMANCE OF THE SCHEME PERFORMANCE OF SCHEME.
OPERATION OF SCHEME EVEN WHEN CTs OPERATION OF SCHEME EVEN WHEN
CT GET SATURATED DURING INTERNAL CTs GET SATURATED DURING
SATURATI FAULTS. INTERNAL FAULTS. INSENSITIVE TO
CT SATURATION.
ON
BUS BAR MAIN & CHECHUP PROTECTION
P2 P2 P2 (ANY CT METHOD)
CT MB
BUS BAR
1-CT PROTECTION
IN1 / B171
CORE-1 3 3 3
1S3 1S3 1S3 FOR
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S1 1S1 1S1
IB1 / B151 BUS-1
CLASS: PS IY1 / B131
IR1 / B111
CT MB
IR1 / B111
IY1 / B131
3-CT
IB1 / B151
CORE-1
3 3 3
1S1 1S1 1S1
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S3 1S3 1S3

IN1 / B171
CLASS: PS
BUS BAR
P2 P2 P2 PROTECTION
FOR
BUS-2
DUPLICATE BUS BAR PROTECTION
(NEW DEVELOPMENT)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
LBB
BUS BAR
1-CT PROTECTION
IN1 / B171
CORE-1 3 3 3
1S3 1S3 1S3 FOR
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S1 1S1 1S1
IB1 / B151 BUS-1
CLASS: PS IY1 / B131
IR1 / B111
MAINCB LBB IS 50Z

PART OF BUSBAR
PROTECTION
LBB
CT MB
IR1 / B111
IY1 / B131
3-CT
IB1 / B151
CORE-1
3 3 3
1S1 1S1 1S1
CTR: 2000-1000/1A 1S3 1S3 1S3

IN1 / B171
CLASS: PS
50Z
BUS BAR
P2 P2 P2 PROTECTION
FOR
BUS-2
3-52 UU 2-52 UU 1-52
3-CT 1-CT
BUS-2
BUS-1
6-52 UU 5-52 UU 4-52
6-CT 4-CT
87 – BB2
87 – BB1
9-52 UU 8-52 UU 7-52

9-CT 7-CT
12-52 UU 11-52 UU 10-52

12-CT 10-CT
15-52 UU 14-52 UU 13-52

15-CT 13-CT
BUS BAR-2 PROTECTION
BUS BAR-1 PROTECTION
18-52 UU 17-52 UU 16-52

18-CT 16-CT
BUS BAR PROTECTION
21-52 UU 20-52 UU 19-52

21-CT 19-CT
(DECENTRALISED & CENTRALISED CONCEPTS)
DECENTRALISED CONCEPT CENTRALISED CONCEPT
FO (REB 500) ABB
MAIN CB LBB
(REB 670) ABB

OR OR
(7 SS 52) SIEMENS (487B) SEL
FO
OR OR
TIE CB LBB
OR OR
(MICOM P740) AREVA
(MICOM P746) AREVA
MAIN CB LBB
FO
LBB TO BUSBAR
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LBB INBUILT FEATURE
LBB INBUILT FEATURE
(DECENTRALISED CONCEPT- DUPLICATE )
DECENTRALISED CONCEPT DECENTRALISED CONCEPT
(REB 500) ABB FO (REB 500) ABB

FO
MAIN CB LBB
MAIN CB LBB
OR FO
OR
(7 SS 52) SIEMENS (7 SS 52) SIEMENS
FO TIE CB LBB
OR TIE CB LBB OR
(MICOM P740) AREVA (MICOM P740) AREVA
MAIN CB LBB
MAIN CB LBB
FO
FO
LBB TO BUSBAR LBB TO BUSBAR

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
(CENTRALISED CONCEPT - DUPLICATE)
CENTRALISED CONCEPT CENTRALISED CONCEPT
(REB 670) ABB (REB 670) ABB

OR
OR
(487B) SEL
(487B) SEL
OR
OR
(MICOM P746) AREVA (MICOM P746) AREVA
LBB INBUILT FEATURE LBB INBUILT FEATURE

BUSBAR-1 PROTECTION TRIPPING SCHEME
HIGH SPEED
1-52 CB PANEL
1-52 CB PANEL TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-1
TO START 50 LBB
1-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
4-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED 4-52 CB PANEL

TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 4-52 CB
7-52 CB PANEL
HIGH SPEED
7-52 CB PANEL
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
HIGH SPEED
10-52CB PANEL
10-52 CB PANEL TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB

FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB
HIGH SPEED
13-52 CB PANEL
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
16-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

16-52 CB PANEL

TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 16-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
+VE BUSBAR PANEL

BUSBAR-2 PROTECTION TRIPPING SCHEME
HIGH SPEED
3-52 CB PANEL
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB
6-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED 6-52 CB PANEL

TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 6-52 CB
9-52 CB PANEL
HIGH SPEED
9-52 CB PANEL
TRIP FROM 50 LBB TO CLOSE CKT INTERLOCK
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
HIGH SPEED
12-52CB PANEL
12-52 CB PANEL TRIP RELAY TO BLOCK A/R
TO TRIP COIL-1
TRIP FROM 50 LBB

FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB
HIGH SPEED
15-52 CB PANEL
TO TRIP COIL-1
TO START 50 LBB TO DISTURBENCE RECORDER
18-52 CB PANEL HIGH SPEED

18-52 CB PANEL

TO TRIP COIL-1
FOR TO TRIP COIL-2
TO START 50 LBB 18-52 CB DIRECT TRIP SEND CH-2
+VE BUSBAR PANEL

DISTRIBUTED LBB & NUMERICAL CENTRALISED BUS BAR PROTECTION
(REB 500) ABB (7 SS 52) SIEMENS (MICOM P740) AREVA
OR OR
BUS-1
13-52
10-52
1-52
4-52
7-52
14-52
11-52
2-52
5-52
8-52
15-52
12-52
3-52
6-52
9-52
BUS-2
OR OR
LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NUMERICAL CENTRALISED BUS BAR PROTECTION
ABB SIEMENS AREVA

BUSBAR
PROTECTION
CENTRAL UNIT
BAY UNIT
ABB Network Partner AG REL531
ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4
1 9
2 10
LINE
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
PROTECTION C
E
C
21 L1 21 L2 21 L1 21 L2 21 L1 21 L2
1 9
TRANSFORMER
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
PROTECTION C
E
C
87 T1 87 T2 87 T1 87 T2 87 T1 87 T2
1. IN THIS NO SEPARATE CORE IS REQUIRED FOR EITHER BUSBAR
PROTECTION OR LBB / BFR.
2. CENTRALISED BUSBAR IS CONNECTED FROM BAY UNIT OR LBB OR
BFR THROUGH FIBRE OPTIC.
3. BAY UNIT / BFR / LBB IS CONNECTED FROM MAIN-1 & MAIN-2 OF LINE
PROTECTION OR MAIN & BACKUP PROTECTION OF TRANSFORMER
DESCRIPTION THROUGH FIBRE OPTIC FOR REDUNDANCY TO BAY UNIT.
MISCELENEOUS
RELAYS & PROTECTIONS
ADOPTED FOR LINE IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(STUB, TEED AND AUTO RECLOSURE
FUNCTIONS) PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
STUB-1/ STUB-2 PROTECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
3
3
3
3
STUB-1&2 STUB-3&2
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 3&2)
1-89L DISTANCE / ATF 3-89T
LINE-1 RELAYS AT/F-1
CONVERTED
REL 521 TO STUB/BUS RET 521
OVER LOAD
RELAYS WHEN
REL 316 LINE ISOLATOR RET 316
OPENS
WHEN A LINE IS SUPPLIED VIA TWO CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN A ONE & HALF CIRCUIT
BREAKER ARRANGEMENT, THE LINE PROTECTION INCLUDES THE AREA BETWEEN THE TWO
CT’s. HOWEVER, WHEN THE LINE ISOLATOR IS OPEN THE LINE CVT‘s FOR THE DISTANCE
PROTECTION ARE CONNECTED TO THE LINE AND CANNOT PROVIDE THE CORRECT
VOLTAGE FOR THE STUB END.(i.e THE AREA BETWEEN THE LINE ISOLATOR AND CT’s) (STUB
= DEAD END)
TO PROVIDE PROTECTION FOR A FAULT IN THIS AREA, REL 521/ REL 316 IS
PROVIDED WITH A STUB PROTECTION WHICH GIVES AN BUS OVER CURRENT TRIP IF THE
LINE ISOLATOR IS OPEN AND THE CURRENT EXCEEDS THE SET VALUE IN ANY PHASE.
STUB-1 (BAY 1&2 OR IT OPERATES THE 3-PH TRIP GR-A MAIN

CB (1-52CB OR 3-52CB) AND 3-PH TRIP
BAY 3&2) OPERATES
GR-A TIE CB (2-52CB)
STUB-2 (BAY 1&2 OR IT OPERATES THE 3-PH TRIP GR-B MAIN
TEED-1/ TEED-2 PROTECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
3
TEED-1&2
3 3 TEED-1&2
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3)
LINE-1 AT/F-1
TEED PROTECTION IS BASED ON KIRCHOFF’S CURRENT LAW. THREE SETS OF CTS
ARE CONNECTED IN STAR FASHION. SOME OF THE CURRENTS MUST BE ZERO. IF ANY
UNBALANCE CURRENTS ARE NOTICED THEN IMMEDIATELY TEED PROTECTION
OPERATES. IF TEED PROTECTION BAY 1&2 OPERATED THEN IT TRIPS 1-52CB & 2-52CB.
SIMILARLY IF TEED PROTECTION BAY 2&3 OPERATED THEN IT TRIPS 2-52CB & 3-52CB.
SUMMATION OF INDIVIDUAL PHASES OF T-SHAPED 3
CTs BEFORE REACHING TO RELAY. THIS IS
TEED-1 CIRCULATING CURRENT PRINCIPLE. THE CURRENT
FLOWING THROUGH IS ZERO DURING BALANCED
PROTECTION CONDITION.
HIGH IMPENDENCE THREE PHASE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY IS USED AS TEED-1 PROTECTION.
T- SHAPED 3 CTs ARE CONNECTED TO RELAY. THE
RELAY HAVING OPERATING COIL & RESTAIRING COIL.
TEED-2 BASED ON THE DIFFERENTIAL CURRENT FLOWING
THROUGH THE OPERATING COIL THE RELAY
OPERATES.
PROTECTION LOW IMPEDENCE PERCENTAGE BIASED THREE
TERMINAL THREE PHASE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY IS
USED AS TEED-2 PROTECTION.
TEED-1 PROTECTION
{BAY1&2}(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2
IR5
IY5
1-CT
IB5
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2

87 TEED-1
IT WORKS ON CIRCULATING
CLASS: PS IN5 CURRENT PRINCIPLE AND
IT IS HIGH IMPEDENCE
P1 P1 P1
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY.
P2 P2 P2 IR5 TEED-1 PROTECTION FOR
IY5 BAY 2&3 IS ALSO SAME AS
2-CT
IB5 ABOVE AND THE
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2
FOLLOWING CTs & CORES
CLASS: PS
ARE USED
IN5 3-CT(CORE-5), 2-CT(CORE-1)
& 3-TCT(CORE-1) ARE
P1 P1 P1
STARRED AND CONNECTED
P2 P2 P2 TO TEED-1 PROTECTION
1-LCT
CORE-1
IN1
CTR: 2000-1000/1A
3 3 3
1S3 1S3 1S3
1S2 1S2 1S2

CLASS: PS
IB1
IY1
IR1
P1 P1 P1
TEED-2 PROTECTION
{BAY1&2}(5CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
CT MB
LBB/BFR
P2 P2 P2
RAICA
87 TEED-2
LBB/BFR
RAICA
1-CT
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
4S4
3 3 3
4S4 4S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2
4S2 4S2 4S2
CLASS: PS
2-CT
CORE-4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
P2 P2 P2 CT MB CLASS: PS
TEED-2 PROTECTION FOR
1-LCT BAY 2&3 IS ALSO SAME AS
CORE-2 ABOVE AND THE FOLLOWING
CTR: 2000-1000/1A
3 3 3
2S3 2S3 2S3 CTs & CORES ARE USED. 3-
2S2 2S2 2S2 CT(CORE-4), 2-
CLASS: PS
CT(CORE-2) & 3-TCT (CORE-
2) ARE CONNECTED TO
TEED-2 PROTECTION.
IT WORKS ON KIRCHOFF’S
CURRENT PRINCIPLE & IT IS
PERCENTAGE BIASED LOW
IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY
TEED / STUB PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
86-A STUB
OR
86-A STUB 86-A
OR
MTR/ TEED-1 MTR/ TEED-1 MTR/
HSTR HSTR HSTR
TRIP COIL-1 TRIP COIL-1 TRIP COIL-1

(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3)
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3)
BUS-1 BUS-2
86-B
ABB 86-B 86-B
TEED-2 TEED-2
REL521
MTR/ OR MTR/ OR
MTR/
STUB
MAIN-1
HSTR HSTR STUB HSTR
86-A : GROUP-A MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY

86-B : GROUP-B MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY
LINE/TRANSFORMER ISOLATOR OPENS THIS INTERLOCK WILL INITIATE
21 L1 / 87 T1 & 21 L2 / 87 T2 CONVERTED STUB-1 & 2 PROTECTION
AUTO RECLOSURE BASICS
 FAULTS ARE THREE TYPES
1. TRANSIENT FAULT: These are cleared by the immediate tripping of
Circuit Breakers and do not reoccur when the line is re-energized.
2. SEMI-PERMANENT FAULTS: These require a time interval to disappear
before a line is charged again.
3. PERMANENT FAULTS: These are to be located and repaired before the
line is re-energized.
 About 80-90% of the faults occurring are transient in nature. Hence the Automatic
Reclosure of breaker (after tripping on Fault) will result in the line being
successfully re-energized.
 ADVANTAGES:
A. Decreasing outage time.
B. Improving Reliability.
C. Improving system stability.
D. Reduce fault damage and Maintenance Time.
 DEAD TIME: The time between the Auto-reclosing Scheme being energized and
the operation of the contacts which energize the Circuit Breaker closing
circuit.
 RECLAIM TIME: The Time Following a successful closing operation measured
from the instant the Auto-Reclosing relay closing contacts make which
must elapse before the Auto-Reclosing relay initiates another reclosing
attempt. In other words, it may be said to be the time between 1st and 2nd
Auto-Reclosure.
 TYPES OF AUTO-RECLOSING SCHEMES:
1. BASED ON PHASE
A. THREE PHASE AUTO-RECLOSING: This type of Auto-Reclosing causes an
immediate drift part of the two systems and hence no interchange of synchronizing power
can take place during the dead time.
B. SINGLE PHASE AUTO-RECLOSING: In this, only the faulty phase(only SLG Faults) is
reclosed without causing interruption in interchange synchronizing power between two
systems through other two healthy phases.
2. BASED ON ATTEMPTS OF RECLOSURE
A. SINGLE SHOT AUTO-RECLOSING: In this scheme, Breaker is reclosed only once on
a given fault before lockout of Circuit Breaker Occurs. High-Speed Auto-Reclosing for
EHT System is invariably Single Shot.
B. MULTI-SHOT AUTO-RECLOSING: In this scheme, more than one reclosing attempts
made for a given fault before lockout of Circuit Breaker occurs.
B.I. DISADVANTAGES: Repeated closure attempts has with high fault level would
seriously affect the Circuit Breaker, Equipment and System Stability.
B.ii. CIRCUIT BREAKER LIMITATIONS: Ability of Circuit Breaker to Perform several Trip
Close operations in quick succession.
B. iii. SYSTEM CONDITIONS: In the percentage of the semi-Permanent faults (which
could be burnt out) is moderate, For example on the lines through the forest, multi
shot Auto-Reclosing is followed.
3. DEPENDING ON SPEED:
A. HIGH-SPEED AUTO-RECLOSING: This aids in fast restoration of supply but should
be done by taking into account the following factors.
I. System disturbance time can be tolerated without loss of system stability.
ii. Characteristics of Protection Schemes and Circuit Breaker.
B. LOW SPEED OR DELAYED AUTO RECLOSING: This is suitable for highly inter-
connected systems where the loss of a single line is unlikely to cause two sections
of the system to drift apart and loose synchronism.
 METHOD OF ADOPTION IN ONE AND HALF BREAKER SYSTEM:
The Auto-Reclosure Functions used for the Bus Breakers 1-52CB & 3-52CB are set
as Masters and one for the Center Breaker 2-52CB(TIE) as Follower. Co-ordination
is required between the Auto-Reclosure Functions. A Synchrocheck function is
also loaded in each Relay to permit 3 pole Auto-Reclosing.
Each Line Protection relays starts both MAIN & TIE Circuit Breakers to trip for the
Concerned line. After a Successful reclosure of the Main Breaker, The Tie Breaker
will be reclosed after a supplementary time delay. Should the Main CB Auto-
Reclosure relay not be successful in its reclosing attempts, the Tie CB Auto-
Reclosure is blocked. If the Main CB is Open or its Auto-Reclosure Relay is not
ready or Out of service, The TIE CB Auto-Reclosure will reclose The TIE Breaker
after its own dead time without any supplementary time delay.
 CHOICES OF EHV SYSTEM:
1. CHOICE OF DEAD TIME:
A. Lower limit is decided by deionising of Circuit Breaker.
B. Upper Limit is decided by Transient Stability and Synchronism.
C. Longer Transmission Lines Require Longer dead Time.
D. The dead time for High Speed Auto-Reclosing scheme with EHV System is 0.3 to
1.2 sec.
2. CHOICE OF RECLAIM TIME:
This should not be set to such a low value that the operating cycle of Breaker is
exceeded when two faults incident occurs close together. The reclaim time will be
in the range of 10 to 30 sec., depending the breaker opening and closing
mechanisms.
3. CHOICE OF ZONE:
This should normally kept in Zone-1. It is a Zone-1 fault and SLG fault only auto-
reclosure is comes in to picture. In other zones the auto reclosure is blocked.
AUTO-RECLOSURE FOR
ONE & HALF BREAKER SCHEME
TRIP COMMANDS
AUTO RECLOSURE
COMMANDS
79 (A/R)+ 79 (A/R)+ 79 (A/R)+

25(SYNC) 25(SYNC) 25(SYNC)
RAAAM RAAAM RAAAM
RASC RASC RASC
1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB


1 9
1 9 2 10
2 10 3 11
3 11 4 12
4 12 5 13
5 13 6 14
6 14
LINE-1
7 15
7 15 8 16
8 16
C C C
LINE-2 C
E
E E
E
21 MAIN-1 21 MAIN-2 21 MAIN-1 21 MAIN-2

REL 316
REL 521 REL 316 REL 521
INSTANT OF FAULT
AUTO RECLOSING TIMING CHART
OPERATES RESETS
PROTECTION
OPERATING
TRANSIENT FAULT
TIME
TRIP COIL CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS CLOSING COIL CONTACTS CONTACTS

ENERGISED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN ENERGISED MAKE FULLY CLOSED
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
OPENING ARCING CLOSING
TIME TIME TIME
OPERATING TIME DEAD TIME
OPERATES RESETS OPERATES RESETS
PROTECTION
RECLOSE
OPERATING ON TO FAULT
PERMANENT FAULT
TIME
TRIP COIL CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS CLOSING COIL CONTACTS CONTACTS CONTACTS ARC CONTACTS
ENERGISED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN ENERGISED MAKE FULLY CLOSED SEPARATE EXTINGUISHED FULLY OPEN
CIRCUIT
BREAKER
OPENING ARCING CLOSING
TIME TIME TIME TRIP COIL
OPERATING TIME DEAD TIME ENERGISED
SYSTEM DISTURBANCE TIME
RECLOSE INITIATED
BY PROTECTION RELAY READY TO RESPOND
TO FURTHER FAULT INCIDENTS
AUTO RECLOSE (AFTER SUCEESFUL RECLOSRE)
RELAY
DEAD TIME CLOSING PULSE TIME
RECLAIM TIME
TIME
CARRIER
INTERTRIPPING
SCHEMES
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
TYPES OF CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PERMISSIVE TRIPPING
Permissive trip commands are always monitored by a protection relay.
The circuit breaker is tripped when receipt of the command coincides
with operation of the protection relay at the receiving end responding
to a system fault. The receipt of an incorrect signal must coincide with
operation of the receiving end protection for a trip operation to take
place. Normally, the risk of a spurious trip is lesser. The intention of
these schemes is to speed up tripping for faults occurring within the
protected zone.
BLOCKING SCHEME
Blocking commands are initiated by a protection element that detects
faults external to the protected zone. Detection of an external fault at
the local end of a protected circuit results in a blocking signal being
transmitted to the remote end. At the remote end, receipt of the
blocking signal prevents the remote end protection operating if it had
detected the external fault. Loss of the communications channel is less
serious for this scheme than in others as loss of the channel does not
result in a failure to trip when required. However, the risk of a spurious
trip is higher.
Conventional time-stepped distance protection has One of the main disadvantages is that the
instantaneous Zone 1 protection at each end of the protected line cannot be set to cover the whole
of the feeder length and is usually set to about 80%. This leaves two 'end zones', each being about
20% of the protected feeder length. Faults in these zones are cleared in Zone 1 time by the protection
at one end of the feeder and in Zone 2 time (typically 0.25 to 0.5 seconds) by the protection at the
other end of the feeder. This situation cannot be tolerated in some applications, for two main
reasons:
I). Faults remaining on the feeder for Zone 2 time may cause the system to become unstable.
II). Where high-speed auto-reclosing is used, the non-simultaneous opening of the circuit.
Breakers at both ends of the faulted section results in no 'dead time' during the autoreclose cycle
for the fault to be extinguished and for ionized gases to clear. This results in the possibility that a
transient fault will cause permanent lockout of the circuit breakers at each end of the line section.
Even where instability does not occur, the increased duration of the disturbance may give rise to
power quality problems, and may result in increased plant damage.
Unit schemes of protection that compare the conditions at the two ends of the feeder simultaneously
positively identify whether the fault is internal or external to the protected section and provide high-
speed protection for the whole feeder length. This advantage is balanced by the fact that the unit
scheme does not provide the back up protection for adjacent feeders given by a distance scheme.
The most desirable scheme is obviously a combination of the best features of both arrangements,
that is, instantaneous tripping over the whole feeder length plus back-up protection to adjacent
feeders. This can be achieved by interconnecting the distance protection relays at each end of the
protected feeder by a communications channel.
The purpose of the communications channel is to transmit information about the system conditions
from one end of the protected line to the other, including requests to initiate or prevent tripping of
the remote circuit breaker. The former arrangement is generally known as a 'transfer tripping
scheme' while the latter is generally known as a 'blocking scheme'. However, the terminology of the
various schemes varies widely, according to local custom and practice.
1. ZONE 1 EXTENSION SCHEME (Z1X SCHEME)
2. TRANSFER TRIPPING SCHEMES
I. DIRECT UNDER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (DUTT)
II. PERMISSIVE UNDER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (PUTT)
III. PUTT – FWD SCHEME
IV. PERMISSIVE UNDER REACH ACCELERATED SCHEME
V. PERMISSIVE OVER REACH TRANSFER TRIP SCHEME (POTT)
VI. WEEK IN FEED CONDITIONS.
3. BLOCKING OVER REACHING SCHEMES
I. BLOCKING OVER-REACHING PROTECTION SCHEME USING ZONE 2.
OR DIRECTIONAL COMPARISION BLOCKING SCHEME
II. BLOCKING OVER-REACHING PROTECTION SCHEME USING ZONE 1.
III. WEEK IN FEED CONDITIONS.
4. DIRECTIONAL COMPARISON UNBLOCKING SCHEME
PROPERTIES OF COMMAND PROTECTION SYSTEMS
UNDER OVER PERMISSIVE
OPERATING GENERAL
REACHING REACHING CRITERIA
MODE REQUIREMENTS
SENDING SENDING RECEIVING
PERMISSIVE UNDER IMPEDENCE
UNDER VOLTAGE
UNDER ZONE-1 - - - OVER CURRENT
SECURE &
REACH FAST
DISTANE &
(PUTT) DIRECTION
PERMISSIVE
OVER - - - ZONE-2 SECURE &
REACH FAST
(POTT)
DIRECT ZONE-1 - - - DISTANCE & SECURE &
TRIP DIRECTION DEPENDABLE
ACCELERA
ZONE-1 - - - SECURE &
TED UNDER ZONE-2 FAST
REACH
BLOCKING
- - - REVERSE DISTANCE & FAST &
OVER LOCKING DEPENDABLE
DIRECTION
REACH
PREFFERED APPLICATIONS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PARAMETERS PUTT POTT BLOCKING UNBLOCKING
Signal Dependable and secure Reliable Dedicated
communication communication channel
Transmissi channel channel (only With continuous
on 1. Power line carrier with required during signal Transfer
frequency shift modulation. HF external faults) 1. Power line
System signal coupled to 2 phases of 1. Power line carrier With
the protected line, or even carrier With frequency shift
better, to a parallel circuit to amplitude keying.
avoid transmission of the HF Modulation Continuous
signal through the fault (ON/OFF). Signal
location. The same transmission
2. Microwave radio, especially frequency must be
digital(PCM) may be used on permitted.
3. Fibre -optic cables all
terminals)
Characteris Best suited for 1. Excellent All line types – Same as POTT
tic longer lines - coverage On Preferred
where the short lines in practice in the
Of line Under-reach the Presence USA.
zone provides of fault
sufficient resistance.
resistance
COMPARISION OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
On normal two-terminal lines the main deciding factors in the choice of the type
of scheme, apart from the reliability of the signalling channel, operating speed
and the method of operation of the system. Table compares the important
characteristics of the various types of scheme.
Criterion Transfer Tripping Blocking scheme

Scheme
Speed of operation Fast Not as Fast
Speed with in-service Slower As fast
testing
Suitable for auto Re Yes Yes
Close
Security against mal-operation due to:
Current reversal Special features Special features
required required
Loss of Poor good
communications
ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PARAMETERS PUTT POTT BLOCKING UNBLOC
KING
1. Simple technique 1. Can be applied without Same as POTT Same as
ADVAN 2. No coordination Under reaching zone1 stage POTT
(e.g. overcompensated
TAGES Of zones and times Series compensated lines). but:
With the opposite 2. Can be applied on 1. If no
End required. Extremely short lines signal is
3.The combination (impedance less than Received (no
Of different relay minimum relay setting) block and no
Types therefore 3. Better for parallel lines as unblock)
presents no mutual coupling is not
critical for the overreach then
Problems. zone tripping by
4. Weak in feed terminals the
are no problem. (Echo and overreach
Weak In feed logic is zone
included)
is released
after 20 ms
DRAWBA 1. Overlapping of 1. Zone reach and signal Same as POTT Same as
the zone 1 reaches timing coordination with the 1. Slow tripping – all
CKS must be ensured. POTT
On parallel lines, Remote end is necessary Tele-protection trips
teed feeders and (current reversal). must be delayed to
tapped lines, the wait for the eventual
influence of zero blocking signal.
sequence coupling
and intermediate 2. Continuous
In feeds must be channel
ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF TELE/ CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES
PUTT POTT BLOCKING UNBLOCKI
PARAMETERS
NG
Not Suitable as the Suitable as the Z1B Suitable as Suitable Same as
Zone1 Operation is setting may be Reverse Reach POTT.
Short Line essential and Zone1 substantially larger than Setting is
setting in X and R the Line impedance so independent of Line
direction must be that signal Transmission
is secure for all faults on Length.
small on Short Lines.
the Line.
Not Suitable as the Suitable as the Strong Partially Suitable as Suitable Same as
Zone1 Operation is end detects all the Line the Reverse Fault is POTT.
Weak In- essential at Both Faults with the Over- also Detected at the
Ends for 100% Reaching Z1B. The Weak In-feed end
feed Coverage.
Weak In-feed end then but no trip at Weak
echos the received In-feed end.
Signal.
Amplitude
Not Suitable as the Not Suitable same Suitable as the Not Suitable Same
Signal must be Trans- as PUTT. Signal is only sent as PUTT.
Modulated mitted through the
Power Line
when the Line is
Fault Location which not Faulted.
Carrier Attenuates the Signal.
Frequency or Suitable as the Suitable same as Suitable as the Suitable Same as
Phase Signal can be PUTT. Signal can be PUTT.
Modulated Transmitted through Transmitted under
Power Line the Fault Location. all Conditions.
Carrier
Communication Suitable. Suitable. Suitable. Suitable.
PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL
1- TX 1- TX
C C
TRIP TRIP
NSD 50/ S
A(C)
S
C(A)
ALARM-1
5 2+ 2+
250V DC
NSD 70
ACTIVE START TRIP 5- RX 5- RX
6 C C
TRIP TRIP
R R
6+ A(C) 6+ C(A)
DISPLAY
9- TX 9- TX
C C
S TRIP TRIP
S
ALARM-2
C 7 B(D) D(B)
250V DC
10+
10 10+
8 13- 13-
C RX C
RX
E R TRIP R TRIP
14+ B(D) 14+ D(B)
G4AA TB: V9LB G4AC TB: V9LC GA4D TB:V9LC

PROTECTION COUPLERS FOR 400KV LINE
 FOR EACH LINE 2Nos PROTECTION COUPLER PANELS PROVIDED.
 FOR EACH LINE 1NO CARRIER SPEECH PANEL PROVIDED.
 SO, ONE LINE REQUIRES TOTAL 3 PANELS.
 CARRIER SPEECH PANEL PURELY FOR VOICE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN
TWO SUBSTATIONS, i.e THE LINE CONNECTED SUBSTATIONS.
 THE VOICE COMMUNICATION ARE TWO METHODS PROVIDED.
 ONE IS HOTLINE COMMUNICATION/DEDICATED/ LIFT&TALK METHOD.
 ANOTHER IS DIAL METHOD.
 IN PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 TOTAL 3 CARDS ARE IMPORTANT FOR
SENDING & RECEIVING TRIP SIGNALS.
 ONE CARD FOR ALARM i.e G4AA. ONE CARD FOR PERMISSIVE/PROTECTION
TRIP i.e G4AC & ANOTHER CARD FOR DIRECT TRIPS i.e G4AD.
 IN PROTECTION COUPLER-2 PANEL ALSO 3 CARDS ARE PROVIDED SIMILAR TO
PROTECTION COUPLER-1 PANEL.
 THE PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL DRAWING IS SHOWN IN PREVIOUS MENU.
 1SET TX & RX FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP(G4AC)
 1SET TX & RX FOR BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION IN ANOTHER
PANEL(G4AC).
 1SET TX & RX FOR DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1( G4AD).
 1SET TX & RX FOR SPARE UNDER EMERGENCY(G4AD).
 THE ABOVE ARRANGEMENT SIMILAR FOR PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2.
 G4AA CARD FOR ALARM.
MAIN-1 PROTECTION CARRIER INTER TRIPPING
G4AC V9LC 1
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 6 LINE 21L1

IN OUT
CR
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AC V9LC 5 -VE
CS
G4AC V9LC 2 CARRIER SEND
G4AA V9LB 5
ABB
G4AA V9LB 6 ALARM
PANEL-1
+VE -VE
G4AC V9LC 10
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 13
THIS IS BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP
G4AC V9LC 14 AND CONNECTED IN ANOTHER PANEL
G4AC V9LC 9
ABB
PANEL-2
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CARRIER INTER TRIPPING
G4AC V9LC 1
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 6 LINE 21L2

IN OUT
CR
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AC V9LC 5 -VE
CS
G4AC V9LC 2 CARRIER SEND
G4AA V9LB 5
ABB
G4AA V9LB 6 ALARM
PANEL-2
+VE -VE
G4AC V9LC 10
NSD 50
G4AC V9LC 13
THIS IS BACKUP FOR PERMISSIVE/ PROTECTION TRIP
G4AC V9LC 14 AND CONNECTED IN ANOTHER PANEL
G4AC V9LC 9
ABB
PANEL-1
DIRECT TRIP SEND CARRIER CHANNEL-1
96 BUSBAR PROT-2 PANEL
87 BUSBAR TRIP (ZONE-2) PANEL-1
ABB
87 BUSBAR TRIP (ZONE-1)
NSD 50
DC +VE
CONTROL PANEL FROM PANEL
T NC
R Y B
MAIN CB(1-52CB) TIE CB (2-52 CB)
T NC
G4AD V9LC 2
R Y B
TIE CB(2-52CB) G4AD V9LC 1
MAIN CB (1-52 CB)
50 LBB/BFR FOR MAIN CB / RAICA
CONDITIONS FOR DIRECT TRIP DC –VE FROM PANEL
59L1 / OVER VOLTAGE 1.
STAGE-1TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
59L2 / OVER VOLTAGE 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED.
STAGE-2
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED (FOR HALF
5.
87 HZ / TEED-1 PROTECTION MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
7.
87 LZ / TEED-2 PROTECTION 59L1 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 OPERATED.
8. 59L2 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 OPERATED.
50 LBB/BFR FOR TIE CB9./ RAICA
87 HZ TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 LZ TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED.
DIRECT TRIP SEND CARRIER CHANNEL- 2
PANEL-2

ABB
NSD 50
DC +VE
CONTROL PANEL FROM PANEL
T NC
R Y B
MAIN CB(1-52CB) TIE CB (2-52 CB)
T NC
G4AD V9LC 2
R Y B
TIE CB(2-52CB) G4AD V9LC 1
MAIN CB (1-52 CB)
50 LBB/BFR FOR MAIN CB / RAICA
CONDITIONS FOR DIRECT TRIP DC –VE FROM PANEL
59L1 / OVER VOLTAGE 1.
STAGE-1TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
59L2 / OVER VOLTAGE 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-1 OPERATED.
STAGE-2
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 BUSBAR-2 OPERATED (FOR HALF
5.
87 HZ / TEED-1 PROTECTION MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
7.
87 LZ / TEED-2 PROTECTION 59L1 OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 OPERATED.
50 LBB/BFR FOR TIE CB9./ RAICA
87 HZ TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 LZ TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED.
DIRECT TRIP RECEIVE CHANNEL-1&2
PANEL-1
ABB TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY
NSD 50 (HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR
MAIN CB(152CB)
DC +VE TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY
(HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY) FOR
G4AD V9LC 6 TIE CB(252CB)
DIRECT TRIP-1
CARRIER RECEIVE
G4AD V9LC 5 RELAY
+VE -VE
PANEL-2
ABB TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY
NSD 50
MAIN CB(152CB)
DC +VE TO 86-B MASTER TRIP RELAY
G4AD V9LC 6 TIE CB(252CB)
DIRECT TRIP-2
G4AD V9LC 5 CARRIER RECEIVE
RELAY
PLCC CARRIER PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
ABB Network Partner AG REL531 ABB Network Partner AG REL531
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
ELECTRICAL CONNECTION
NSD 50 NSD 50
PANEL PANEL
PLCC PLCC
PANEL ELECTRICAL POWER LINE PANEL
NSD 50 NSD 50
PANEL PANEL
ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4 ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
FIBRE OPTIC PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
NSD 70 NSD 70
PANEL PANEL
FOX-U FOX-U
GECOD/ SIFOX
GECOD/ SIFOX
FOX-515 FOX-515
TUNOS
TUNOS
NSD 70 NSD 70
PANEL PANEL
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
FIBRE OPTIC CARRIER PROTECTION SYSTEM
(TELEPROTECTION)
DIGITAL RELAY CONNECTION VIA FIBRE OPTIC
REL 521
MAIN-1
PROTECTION
C C
E E
FOX-U FOX-U
OTERM
OTERM
FOX-515 FOX-515
TUNOS
TUNOS
1 9 1 9
REL 316
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
MAIN-2
8 16 8 16
C
PROTECTION C
E E
MAIN-1 & MAIN-2
PROTECTION FOR
AUTO TRANSFORMER
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
1. PURPOSE OF POWER TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
POWER T/F PROTECTION IS USUALLY INSTALLED TO DISCONNECT THE T/F AT:
A. INTERNAL SHORT CIRCUITS AND EARTH FAULTS IN THE T/F AND ITS CONNECTED
CIRCUITS.
B. EXTERNAL FAULTS ON OTHER CIRCUITS. (BACK-UP PROTECTION)
C. ABNORMAL SERVICE CONDITIONS SUCH AS OVERLOAD & OVER VOLTAGE.
2. PROTECTION DEVICES INBUILT OR MOUNTED ON POWER T/F
A. OIL IMMERSED POWER T/F USUALLY HAVE A GAS DETECTOR AND OIL SURGE.
DETECTOR (BUCHHOLZ ALARAM & TRIP DEVICES), WHICH ARE EXCELLENT FOR
DETECTING INTERNAL FAULTS.
B. LOAD TAPCHANGER COMPARTMENTS MAY HAVE A SIMILAR OVER PRESSURE
DEVICE.
C. TEMPARATURE MONITORS FOR OIL & WINDING PROVIDE GOOD OVER LOAD
PROTECTION.
D. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE IS PROVIDED TO SAFE GUARD THE T/F FROM HIGH
PRESURES.
3. TRANSFORMER DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
IT IS WIDELY USED AS INSTANTANEOUS PROTECTION FOR SHORT CIRCUIT FAULTS
WITH IN THE DIFFERENTIAL ZONE. THIS IS TREATED AS MAIN-1 PROT FOR T/F.
THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF PROTECTION IS THE CURRENT RESTRAINT TYPE.
SOME TYPE OF DIFFERENTIAL RELAYS REQUIRE INTERPOSING CTs FOR CT RATIO
MATCHING AND/OR PHASE SHIFT.
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION CAN BE USED ON AUTO T/F & REACTORS.
IT COVERS ONE GALVANICALLY INTERCONNECTED WINDING (WDG DIFF). BUT NOT A
SEPARATE TERTIARY WINDING.
IT REQUIRES A THREE PHASE SET OF CTs AT THE NEUTRAL SIDE OF WINDING.
4.RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
AT/Fs are used to couple EHV Power Networks, If the Ratio of their Voltages is Moderate. An
Alternative to Differential Protection that can be applied to AT/Fs. A Circulating Current System is arranged
between Equal Ratio Current Transformers in the Two Groups of Line Connections and the Neutral End
Connections. The Line Current Transformers can be connected in Parallel to A Single Element Relay, Thus
providing a Scheme Responsive to Earth Faults Only. If Current Transformers are fitted in Each Phase at
the Neutral End of the Windings and a Three-Element Relay is used, A Differential System can be provided,
giving Full Protection against Phase and Earth Faults. This Provides High-speed Sensitive Protection. It is
Unaffected by Ratio Changes on the Transformer due to Tap-changing and is immune to the Effects of
Magnetizing In Rush Current. It does not respond to Interturn Faults. In Addition, This Scheme does not
respond to any Fault in a Tertiary Winding. Unloaded Delta-connected Tertiary Windings are often not
Protected.
5. BACK UP PROTECTION
A VARIETY OF RELAYS ARE AVAILABLE.
A. OVER CURRENT & EARTH FAULT PROTECTION. ( 50, 50N, 51, 51N, 67, 67N - ANY COMBINATION OF THESE)
B. UNDER IMPEDENCE / DISTANCE ( Z<)(21T).
C. NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT PROTECTION (Un>).
6.OTHER TYPES OF RELAYS
A. OVER VOLTAGE RELAY (U >).
B. OVER FLUX/ EXCITATION (V/F >)( INVERSE TIME & DIFENITE TIME).
FOR 400KV/220KV & 765/400KV TRANSFORMERS BOTH SIDES( i.e HV & LV) OVER FLUX RELAYS ARE
PROVIDED BECAUSE BOTH SIDES HAVING GRID.
C. AT/F NEUTRAL CURRENT RELAY (51N).
NORMALLY ADOPTED POWER TRANSFORMERS CAPACITIES IN 400KV / 220KV

CAPACITY OF HV LV
HV CURRENT LV VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER VOLTAGE CURRENT
315 MVA 400 KV 454.68 A 220 KV 0826.68 A
500 MVA 400 KV 721.71 A 220 KV 1312.20 A
630 MVA 400 KV 909.35 A 220 KV 1653.37 A
NORMS OF PROTECTION FOLLOWED BY UTILITIES
FOR POWER TRANSFORMERS & AUTO TRANSFORMERS
BACK UP
MAIN-1 MAIN-2 PROTECTION
CAPA T ADDITI SPECIA
CITY VOLTAGE PROTECTION ONAL L
S.No RATIO IN Y
IN KV P
HV LV
PROTE PROTE
MVA E CTION CTION
1 7.5 & 16 66 / 11 3 OL BUCHHO
NIL
7.5 , + LZ,
3 OVER LOAD + 1 EARTH FA

2 16 & 66 / 33 1 EL OLTC
25 (51) OSR
OIL
2 WINDING TRANSFORM
7.5 ,
TEMP
HV REF (64)
16 ,
64REF IS 1-PH HIGH IMPEDANCE DIF

3 132 / 11
87TH IS 3-PH HIGH IMPEDANCE DIFF

WDNG
3 OVER LOAD + 1 DI
25 &
31.5 TEMP
( LOW IMPEDANCE PERCENTAGE B
16 ,
(PRINCPLE : CIRCULATING
4 31.5 50 132 / 33
& 80
5 31.5, 50 220 / 33
( 51 )
87
ICT BUSHING CT INFORMATION
S.N ITEM HV IV NEUTRAL LV
o /MVA
1 CORE 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
100 600/1 300/1 600/1 500/1 600/1 600/1
160 800/1 500/1 800/1 800/1 800/1 800/1
2 RATI -- 1000/ -- --
O 315 1000/1 600/1 1000/1 1 1000/1 1000/1
500 1600/1 1000/1 1600/1 1600/ 1600/1 1600/1

1
NEUTRAL BUSHING CT : CORE-1 : BEFORE STAR FORMATION IN RYB PHASES, CORE-2 :
AFTER STAR FORMATION FOR 100, 160, 315 MVA TRANSFORMERS
VKNEE 100 600 V 600 V 600 V 600 V
FOR 160 800 V 800 V 800 V 800 V
PS & Parameters of WTI CT for each windi
Parameters of WTI CT for each windi
Parameters of WTI CT for each windi

3 VA 315 1000 V 1000 V 1000 V 1000 V
FOR
MET 500 1600V 1600 V 1600 V 1600 V
100 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
RCT IN 160 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
4 OHMS 315 2.5 2.5 0.2 2.5 2.5
500 4.0 0.2 CL 4.0 CL 4.0 4.0
AND AND
100 100 100 100 100
contractor.
contractor
contractor
I BURD BUR
MAGNETISIN
160 80 EN 30 80 DEN 80 80
G IN
5 VA 30
MAIN / DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION FOR AT/F
(4 CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
87 T1 CT MB
0.91 / 0.577A
AUX.CT Y/
3-CT
0.689 / 0.577A
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
3 3 3
5S1 5S1 5S1
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
AUX.CT Y/
5S3 5S3 5S3
5S3 5S3 5S3
CLASS: PS
4 CT METHOD : 3-CT & 2-ACT
6 CT METHOD : 3-ACT & 2-ACT
P2 P2 P2
LV-CT
CORE-5
CTR: 1200-800/1A
CT MB CLASS: PS
IN CASE OF 1&1/2 CB
SYSTEM, THE DIFFERENTIAL
2-ACT PROTECTION CTs
0.91 / 0.577A
3 3 3
5S3 5S3 5S3 ASSOCIATED WITH MAIN &
AUX.CT Y/
CORE-5
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
5S4 5S4 5S4 TIE CBs SHOULD BE
CONNECTED TO SEPARATE
CLASS: PS BIAS WINDINGS AND THESE
SHOULD NOT BE PARALLED
IN ORDER TO AVOID FALSE
P2 P2 P2 OPERATION DUE TO
DISSIMILAR CT TRANSIENT
RESPONSE.
NUMERICAL RELAYS DOES NOT REQUIRE AUX CTs
MAIN / DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION FOR AT/F
(5 CT METHOD)
87 T1 CT MB
0.689 / 0.577A
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
3 3 3
5S1 5S1 5S1
AUX.CT Y/
0.91 / 0.577A
5S3 5S3 5S3
AUX.CT Y/
3-TCT
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S3 5S3 5S3

P2 P2 P2
CLASS: PS
LV-CT
CORE-5
CTR: 1200-800/1A
CLASS: PS
NORMALLY LOW
IMPEDENCE BIASED
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
IS USED FOR
TRANSFORMER
DIFFERENTIAL
PROTECTION
NUMERICAL RELAYS DOES NOT REQUIRE AUX CTs

SELECTION OF AUX.CTs FOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
 NORMALLY 400KV/220KV AUTO TRANSFORMERS ARE OF CAPACITY 315MVA.
 FOR MERZ PRICE PROTECTION IF TRANSFORMER IS CONNECTED IN STAR/STAR
THEN CT SECONDARIES ARE TO BE CONNECTED IN DELTA/DELTA.
 CORRECT RATIO CTs ARE NOT AVAILABLE, THEN AUX.CTs ARE TO BE PROVIDED
FOR ACHEVING SUITABLE CURRENTS.
 IF AUX CTs ARE USING THEN MAIN CT SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN STAR.
 THIS IS BROUGHT TO AUX CTs. AUX CTs PRIMARY IS CONNECTED IN STAR &
SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN DELTA.
 NORMALLY THE RELAY RATED CURRRENT IS 1A.
 AUX.CT s SECONDARIES ARE CONNECTED IN DELTA. FOR ACHIEVING 1A TO
RELAY, AUX.CT SECONDARY CURRENT IS TO BE 0.577A.
 THE FULL LOAD PRIMARY CURRENT OF 315MVA AT/F IS 454.7A.
 BUT THE 400KV CTs RATIOs ARE AVAILABLE : 2000-1000-500/1A
 NEAREST VALUE TO FULL LOAD CURRENT IS 500/1A. HENCE IT IS ADOPTED.
 HENCE AT FULL LOAD HV CURRENT i.e 454.7A, THEN SECONDARY OF CT
CURRENT WILL BE 0.91A.
 SO HV SIDE AUX.CT RATIO IS 0.91/0.577A.
 THE FULL LOAD SECONDARY CURRENT OF 315MVA AT/F IS 826.7A.
 BUT THE 220KV CTs RATIOs ARE AVAILABLE: 1200-800/1A.
 NEAREST VALUE TO FULL LOAD CURRENT IS 1200/1A. HENCE IT IS ADOPTED.
 HENCE AT FULL LOAD LV CURRENT i.e 826.7A,THEN SECONDARY OF CT CURRENT
WILL BE 0.689A.
 SO LV SIDE AUX CT RATIO IS 0.689/0.577A.
 SPECIAL INFORMATION: LATEST NUMERICAL RELAYS NEED NOT REQUIRE AUX
CTs. IN THESE RELAYS, CT RATIOS MATCHING CAN BE PROGRAMMED.
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F HV
(4 CT METHOD)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411
IY4 / C431 VR11 / E111
3-CT
IB4 / C451 VY11 / E131
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S3 4S3 4S3

IN4 / C471 VB11 / E151
CLASS: PS 50Z
VN11 / E171
4 CT METHOD : 3-CT & 2-ACT
6 CT METHOD : 3-ACT & 2-ACT
3 3 3
3 3 3
E172
E174 CVT
SELECTION
CT MB BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT
2-ACT
3 3 3 CORE-1
4S3 4S3 4S3
CORE-4 VA : 200
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
4S4 4S4 4S4
IB4 / C451
CLASS: 3P
CLASS: PS IY4 / C431
IR4 / C411
P2 P2 P2
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F HV
(5 CT METHOD)
VR11 / E111
VY11 / E131
VB11 / E151
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / C411 VN11 / E171
IY4 / C431 3 3 3
3-TCT
IB4 / C451
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
3 3 3
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S3 4S3 4S3
IN4 / C471 E172
CLASS: PS E174 CVT
SELECTION
BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT
CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
BACKUP PROTECTION FOR AT/F LV
P1 P1 P1 CT MB
IR4 / C411
IY4 / C431 VR11 / E111
LV-CT
IB4 / C451 VY11 / E131
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S2 4S2 4S2
CTR: 1200 – 800 /1A 4S1 4S1 4S1

IN4 / C471 VB11 / E151
CLASS: PS 50Z
VN11 / E171
P2 P2 P2 3 3 3
3 3 3
E172
E174 VOLTAGE
SELECTION
BUS-1 PT /
BUS-2 PT
CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
MISCELLENEOUS
RELAYS & PROTECTIONS
ADOPTED FOR
AUTO TRANSFORMER IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(OVER FLUX & REF FUNCTIONS)
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
OVER EXCITATION/FLUX RELAY
{FOR AUTO TRANSFORMER HV & LV}
VOLTAGE
SELECTION
99 T HV BUS-1 PT /
BUS-2 PT
CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
CVT SELECTION
BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
99 T LV
LINE CVT
CORE-1
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
315MVA, 400KV/220KV/33KV AT/F
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY
P2 P2 P2
400KV HV
BUSHING CT 3 3 3
S2 S2 S2
CORE-1 S1 S1 S1
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
P1 P1 P1
NEUTRAL
BUSHING CT 3 3 3
S1 S1 S1
CORE-1 S2 S2 S2
CTR: 1000/ 1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
P1 P1 P1
220KV LV
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
S1 S1 S1
CORE-1
S2 S2 S2
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
315MVA, 400KV/220KV/33KV AT/F
3-PH HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
P2 P2 P2
400KV HV
BUSHING CT 3 3 3
S2 S2 S2
CORE-1 S1 S1 S1
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
P1 P1 P1
NEUTRAL
BUSHING CT 3 3 3
S1 S1 S1
CORE-1 S2 S2 S2
CTR: 1000/ 1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
P1 P1 P1
220KV LV
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
S1 S1 S1
CORE-1
S2 S2 S2
CTR: 1000/1A
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
315MVA, 400KV/220KV AT/F VOLAGE SELECTION
BUS-1 1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB BUS-2
LINE1
AT/F-1
FEEDER HAVING LINE CVTs &BUSES ARE HAVING BUS CVTs BUT AT/Fs ARE
NOT HAVING CVTs. FOR TRANSFORMER PANEL, PT SUPPLY IS SELECTED AS
PER SELECTION DESCRIBED BELOW FOR METERING AND PROTECTION,
WHICH IS FIRST SELECTED .
If AT/F is feeding from Bus-1 and 1-52CB & 2-52CB is closed. Then
BUS-1 Bus-1 CVT is selected and this supply is extended to Control &
CVT Relay Panels for Auto Transformer.
If AT/F is feeding from Bus-2 and 3-52 CB is closed & 2-52CB is

BUS-2 open. Then Bus-2 CVT is selected and this supply is extended to
CVT Control & Relay Panels for Auto Transformer.
If AT/F is feeding from Direct Line and 2-52CB is closed & 1-52 CB
LINE & 3-52 CB is open and 389T ISO is Closed . Then line CVT is
CVT selected and this supply is extended to Control & Relay Panels for
Auto Transformer.
1-PH UNITS OF 500 MVA TRANSFORMER ( EACH
167 MVA ) WITH CHANGE OVER FACILITY
R Y B R Y B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
R Y B R Y B
SPARE
MAIN-1 & MAIN-2
PROTECTION FOR
SHUNT REACTOR
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
BASICS OF SHUNT REACTOR
1. TYPES OF REACTORS :
A. BASED ON REACTOR CONNECTION
i. SHUNT REACTOR.
ii. SERIES REACTOR.
B. BASED ON REACTOR LOCATION
i. BUS REACTOR
ii. LINE REACTOR
C. BASED ON CONTROL
i. 3-PH OIL IMMERSED REACTOR WITH GAPPED IRON CORE.
ii. THYRISTOR CONTROLLED REACTOR (STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR)
(APTRANSCO UTILISING SHUNT REACTORS FOR BUS & LINE IN 400KV NETWORK)
2. NEED OF SHUNT REACTOR:
A. LINE REACTOR
SHUNT REACTORS ARE USED IN ORDER TO COMPENSATE FOR THE CAPACITIVE SHUNT
REACTANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES. THE REACTOR IS CONNECTED PARALLEL TO THE LINE. THE
LOCATION OF REACTOR IS OUT GOING SIDE OF LINE i.e AFTER CIRCUIT BREAKER. LENGTH OF
LINE IS MORE THERE MAY BE VOLTAGE IS RAISING DUE TO FARANTI EFFECT(CAPACITANCE)
DURING CHARGING. IN CASE OF ZONE-2 (OPEN JUMPER) FAULT, THE FAULT CLEARED BY REMOTE
END IS FAST, BUT THIS END IT WILL TAKE TIME DELAY DUE TO ZONE-2. DURING THIS TIME,
VOLTAGE MAY RAISING. SO, LINE REACTOR IS USED FOR CONTROLLING THE SWITCHING OVER
VOLTAGES AND SAFEGUARD THE OPERATING EQUIPMENT. NORMALLY IT IS ALWAYS IN SERVICE.
NORMALLY BOTH ENDS LINE REACTORS ARE PROVIDED. THE ELECTRICAL INTERLOCK IS
PROVIDED THAT IF REACTOR ISOLATOR CLOSSED POSITION ONLY WILL GIVE PERMIT TO CLOSE
THE LINE ISOLATOR. SIMILARLY FOR OPENING REACTOR ISOLATOR THE LINE ISOLATOR SHOULD
BE IN OPEN POSITION. NEUTRAL REACTOR CONNECTED BETWEEN THE STAR POINT OF EHV SHUNT
REACTOR AND THE GROUND, LIMITS THE SECONDARY ARC CURRENT TO A LOW VALUE OF
AROUND 10 AMPS TYPICALLY FOR 400KV SYSTEM TO ENSURE COMPLETE DE-IONISATION OF ARC
PATH WHEN EHV SYSTEM DEVELOPS A SINGLE LINE TO GROUND FAULT. ARC EXTINCTION DURING
LINE SINGLE- PHASE AUTORECLOSE DEAD TIME IS ASSISTED BY THIS NEUTRAL REACTOR.
B. BUS REACTOR
THE REACTOR IS CONNECTED PARALLEL TO THE BUS i.e LIKE A FEEDER/LINE.
DURING LIGHTLY LOADED CONDITIONS THERE MAY BE POSSIBULITY OF RAISING
BUS VOLTAGES. FOR SAFEGUARD THE OPERATING EQUIPMENT BUS REACTORS
ARE UTILISING. NORMALLY IT IS NOT IN SERVICE. WHENEVER THE VOLTAGE
RAISES TO 4%TO 5% MORE THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE THIS MAY BE KEPT IN
SERVICE AND 2% TO 3% LESS THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE THIS MAY BE KEPT OUT
OF SERVICE.
3. SELECTION OF REACTOR
A. LINE REACTOR
NORMALLY LINE REACTORS ARE PROVIDED IF THE LINE IS MORE OR EQUAL TO
250KM. IN APTRANSCO NETWORK MAXIMUM LENTH OF LINE IS 350KM. AS PER
SYSTEM STUDIES RECOMANDATIONS IF LINE LENGTH IS 250KM TO 300KM 50MVAR
REACTOR IS TO BE USED. IF MORE THAN 300KM 63MVAR REACTOR IS TO BE USED.
B. BUS REACTOR
NORMALLY BUS REACTORS ARE PROVIDED IF THE SUBSTATION BUS VOLTAGE IS
RAISING 5% MORE THAN THE RATED VOLTAGE DURING LIGHTLY LOADED
CONDITION. BASED ON THE SYSTEM STUDIES RECOMANDATIONS BUS REACTORS
ARE TO BE PROVIDED. CALCULATIONS ARE REQUIRED FOR PROVIDING BUS
REACTOR. IN THIS THERE IS NO STANDARDISATION.
4. LOCATION OF REACTORS WITH CAPACITY IN APTRANSCO
A. LINE REACTOR
1. 400KV KALAPAKA-KHAMMAM 1 AT BOTH ENDS – 63MVAR
2. 400KV KALAPAKA-KHAMMAM 2 AT BOTH ENDS – 63MVAR
B. BUS REACTOR
1. 400KV KALAPAKA SS – 2 X 50 MVAR
2. 400KV NUNNA SS(PGCIL BAYS) – 1 x 63 MVAR
5. PURPOSE OF SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
THE PURPOSE OF THE PROTECTION RELAYING IS TO DISCONNECT THE REACTOR AND
LIMIT DAMAGE IN CASE OF INTERNAL SHORT CIRCUITS, EARTH FAULTS, INTERTURN
FAULTS AND OVER VOLTAGE OR OVER LOAD.THE REACTOR FORMS CERTAIN
IMPEDENCE FOR RATED FREQUENCY, AND AS IT IS SHUNT CONNECTED, AS OVER LOAD
MAY BE CAUSED BY OVER VOLTAGE OR HARMONICS IN VOLTAGE AND CURRENT.
6. PROTECTION DEVICES INBUILT OR MOUNTED ON REACTOR
A. OIL IMMERSED REACTOR USUALLY HAVE A GAS DETECTOR AND OIL SURGE.
DETECTOR (BUCHHOLZ ALARAM & TRIP DEVICES), WHICH ARE EXCELLENT FOR
DETECTING INTERNAL FAULTS.
B. TEMPARATURE MONITORS FOR OIL & WINDING PROVIDE GOOD OVER LOAD
PROTECTION.
C. PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE IS PROVIDED TO SAFE GUARD THE REACTOR FROM HIGH
PRESURES.
7. REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
IT IS WIDELY USED AS INSTANTANEOUS PROTECTION FOR SHORT CIRCUIT FAULTS
WITH IN THE DIFFERENTIAL ZONE. THIS IS TREATED AS MAIN-1 PROT FOR REACTOR.
IT CAN BE OF HIGH IMPEDENCE TYPE OR OF A SENSITIVE CURRENT STABILISED TYPE.
HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION RELAYS REQUIRE AN EQUAL CT TURNS
RATIO ON THE PHASE AND NEUTRAL SIDE. SENSITIVITY IS 5% OF NOMINAL REACTOR CT
CURRENT.
8. BACK-UP PROTECTION
A VARIETY OF RELAYS ARE AVAILABLE.
A. OVER CURRENT & EARTH FAULT PROTECTION. ( 50, 50N, 51, 51N, 67, 67N - ANY
COMBINATION OF THESE)
B. UNDER IMPEDENCE / DISTANCE ( Z<)(21R).
C. NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT PROTECTION (Un>).
9. RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
IF, FOR SOME REASON, A SENSITIVE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION NOT CHOOSEN A
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION CAN BE UTILISED.
SHUNT REACTOR (BUS & LINE)
(ONE AND HALF CIRCUIT BREAKER SYSTEM )
BUS-1 BUS-2
IL 1-89 3-89
INTER LOCK FACILITY:
WHEN 1-89R CLOSES ONLY
PERMIT TO CLOSE 1-89L AND
1-89L OPENS ONLY 1-52CB 3-52CB
PERMIT TO OPEN 1-89R.
P2 P2
1-CT 3 3 3-CT
P1 P1
1-89A 3-89A
1-89R
. 2-CT
3
P1 P2
IL 2-89A 2-89B
2-52CB
LINE
UUU
SHUNT 3-89R
1-89L
REACTOR
. BUS
UUUU
SHUNT
UUU
1-PH NEUTRAL
REACTOR
GROUNDING REACTOR
LINE 1
REACTOR BUSHING CT INFORMATION
CAPACITY OF 400KV REACTORS : 50, 63, 80, 125 MVAR
SHUNT REACTOR NGR
Sr LINE EART
ITEM 400KV / LINE SIDE STAR / NEUTRAL SIDE SIDE H SIDE
NO CORE- CORE CORE- CORE- CORE- CORE- CORE- CORE CORE- CORE- CORE-
1 -2 3 4 5 1 2 -3 4 1 2
2000- 2000-
1 RATIO 200/1 200/1 200/1 1000- 1000- 200/1 WTI 200/1 200/1 200/1 200/1
500/1 500/1
NEUTRAN BUSHING CT : BEFORE STAR FORMATION IN RYB PHASES
VKNEE
Parameters of WTI CT for each winding

FOR PS 1000- 1000-
2 & VA 200V 200V 200V 500- 500- 200V 200V 200V 200V
FOR 250V 250V 1.0 CL
MET AND
10 – 5 10 – 5 BURD
RCT IN 1 1 1 – 2.5 – 2.5 EN 10 1 1 1 1
3 OHMS OHM OHM OHM OHM OHM VA OHM OHM OHM OHM
CLASS
OF
4 ACURA PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS
CY
SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
ONE & HALF BREAKER DOUBLE BUS & TRANSFER
CORES SYSTEM BUS SYSTEM
LINE BUS LINE BUS
400KV SIDE
87R – 3Ph, 2Wdg REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY EITHER
CORE-1
LOW or HIGH IMPEDANCE TYPE.
64R - REACTOR RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
CORE-2
OF1-POLE HIGH IMPEDANCE TYPE. (REF1)
21R – 3Ph, REACTOR BACKUP IMPEDANCE RELAY OF
CORE-3 SUITABLY SHAPED CHARECRESTICS EITHER SINGLE /
DOUBLE ZONE TYPE.
21L2 87 TEED-2 21L2
CORE-4 (M_CT + T_CT (M_CT, T_CT, (M_CT+T_CT – 87 BBC/BB-2
– R_CT) R_CT) R_CT)
21L1 87 TEED-1 21L1
CORE-5 (M_CT + T_CT (M_CT, T_CT, (M_CT + T_CT – 87 BBM/BB-1
M_CT: Main CT,
– R_CT) T_CT: Tie CT,
R_CT)R_CT: Reactor CT
R_CT)
SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION
ONE & HALF BREAKER DOUBLE BUS & TRANSFER
CORES SYSTEM BUS SYSTEM
LINE BUS LINE BUS
STAR / NEUTRAL SIDE
CORE-1 METERING OF REACTOR
CORE-2 WINDING TEMPARETURE OF REACTOR
87R – 3Ph, 2Wdg REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY EITHER
CORE-3
LOW / HIGH IMPEDANCE TYPE.
64R - REACTOR RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT PROTECTION
CORE-4
OF1-POLE HIGH IMPEDANCE TYPE .(REF1)
NEUTRAL GROUNDING REACTOR SIDE
CORE-1 64 REF1 -- 64 REF2 --
CORE-2 64 REF1 -- 64 REF 1 / 2 --
3 3 3
CORE -1
3 3 3
REACTOR BUSHING CT
CORE -2
3 3 3
CORE -3
3 3 3
INFORMATION
CORE -4
3 3 3
CORE -5
LINE
UUU
UUU
UUU
SHUNT
REACTOR 3 3 3
CORE -1
3
CORE -2
3 3 3
CORE -3
3 3 3
CORE -4
.
3
CORE -1
UUU
1-PH NEUTRAL
GROUNDING REACTOR
3 CORE -2
3 3 3
CORE -1
REACTOR BUSHING CT
3 3 3
CORE -2
3 3 3
CORE -3
INFORMATION
3 3 3
CORE -4
3 3 3
CORE -5
BUS
UUU
UUU
UUU
SHUNT
REACTOR 3 3 3
CORE -1
3
CORE -2
3 3 3
CORE -3
3 3 3
CORE -4
.
ONE & HALF BREAKER LINE & BUS SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION SCHEME
87BB1
BUSBAR-1
79
CVT 21M1 VL1
VBB1 VBB1 25
VL1 / VL2 BF
OR VBB2
VL1
87L 21M2 CVT VL1
FEEDER1 / LINE1
79 87R
VL1 / VBB1 UUU UUU
25
VL2 / VBB2
VL1/VBB1/VBB2
OR
BF 64R
21R 87R
UUU
TEED-1 64R
BF TEED-2
VBB1/VBB2
VL2 / VL1 79 PROTECTION OF BUS REACTOR

VBB2 OR VBB1
CVT 21R
25
VBB2
FOR REACTOR PROTECTION &
BUSBAR-2
LINE/BUS REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
(LOW / HIGH IMPEDANCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION)
CT MB
P2 P2 P2 CT MB RET 670
3 3 3
3S1 3S1 3S1
3S2 3S2 3S2

R-CT
HV BUSHING 3 3 3 ACTIVE START TRIP
1S2 1S2 1S2
CORE-1 1S1 1S1
1S1
CTR: 200/1A P2 P2 P2
CLASS: PS R-CT
STAR BUSHING
DISPLAY CORE-3
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS
C NORMALLY
LOW / HIGH IMPEDENCE
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY IS
USED FOR BUS / LINE
E REACTOR
DIFFERENTIAL
PROTECTION
IN CASE OF REACTOR BUSHING CT P2 IS AWAY FROM REACTOR & P1 IS TOWARDS REACTOR

LINE/BUS REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION
(HIGH IMPEDANCE DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION)
P2 P2 P2
R-CT HV
3 3 3 RET 670
BUSHING CT 1S2 1S2 1S2
ACTIVE START TRIP
CORE-1 1S1 1S1 1S1
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY
NORMALLY
P1 P1 P1 LOW / HIGH IMPEDENCE
R-CT STAR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY IS
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
3S1 3S1 3S1
USED FOR BUS / LINE
CORE-3 REACTOR
3S2 3S2 3S2
CTR: 200/1A DIFFERENTIAL
CLASS: PS PROTECTION
IN CASE OF REACTOR BUSHING CT P2 IS AWAY FROM REACTOR
P2 P2 P2 & P1 IS TOWARDS REACTOR
LINE/BUS REACTOR REF PROTECTION
(NGR IS NOT AVAIALBLE)
P2 P2 P2
R-CT HV
3 3 3 RET 670 NORMALLY
ACTIVE START TRIP
2S1 2S1 2S1
HIGH IMPEDENCE
CORE-2
CTR: 200/1A
VOLTAGE/CURRENT
CLASS: PS
OPERATED SINGLE
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY POLE RELAY IS USED
FOR BUS / LINE
C REACTOR RESTRICTED
EARTH FAULT
PROTECTION.
E PRESENTLY
NUMERICAL
DIFFERENTIAL RELAYS
HAVING IN BUILT
P1 P1 P1 FUNCTION OF 2 REF OR
R-CT STAR 2 SEF PROTECTIONS.
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
4S1 4S1 4S1
CORE-4
4S2 4S2 4S2
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS

& P1 IS TOWARDS REACTOR
P2 P2 P2
LINE REACTOR REF PROTECTION
(NGR IS AVAIALBLE)
P2 P2 P2
R-CT HV
3 3 3 RET 670 NORMALLY
ACTIVE START TRIP
2S1 2S1 2S1
HIGH IMPEDENCE
CORE-2
CTR: 200/1A
VOLTAGE/CURRENT
CLASS: PS
OPERATED SINGLE
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY POLE RELAY IS USED
FOR BUS / LINE
C REACTOR RESTRICTED
EARTH FAULT
PROTECTION.
E PRESENTLY
NUMERICAL
DIFFERENTIAL RELAYS
HAVING IN BUILT
P1 P1 P1 FUNCTION OF 2 REF OR
NGR-CT EARTH 2 SEF PROTECTIONS.
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
2S1 2S1 2S1
CORE-2
2S2 2S2 2S2
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS

& P1 IS TOWARDS REACTOR
P2 P2 P2
LINE REACTOR 2 NOs REF PROTECTIONS
(NGR IS AVAIALBLE)
P2 P2 P2 P2 P2 P2
CT MB
R-CT HV
3 3 3 RET 670
ACTIVE START TRIP
3 3 3
1S2 1S2 1S2
CORE-2 2S1 2S1 2S1
1S1 1S1 1S1
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
DISPLAY
P1 P1 P1
C
NGR-CT BUSHING CT
CORE - 1 & 2
E CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS
NORMALLY
HIGH IMPEDENCE P1 P1 P1
VOLTAGE/CURRENT OPERATED CT MB
P1 P1 P1 SINGLE POLE RELAY IS USED
R-CT STAR FOR BUS / LINE REACTOR
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT
BUSHING CT
3 3 3
4S1 4S1 4S1 PROTECTION. 2S1 2S1 2S1
CORE-4
CTR: 200/1A
4S2 4S2 4S2
PRESENTLY NUMERICAL
DIFFERENTIAL RELAYS HAVING 2S2
3 3 3
2S2 2S2
IN BUILT FUNCTION OF 2 REF

CLASS: PS
OR 2 SEF PROTECTIONS.
P2 P2 P2 P2 P2 P2
LINE/BUS REACTOR B/U IMPEDANCE PROTECTION
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR3 / A311 VR11 / E111
R-CT HV IY3 / A331 VY11 / E131
BUSHING CT 3 3 3 IB3 / A351 REL 670 VB11 / E151

3S2 3S2 3S2
ACTIVE START TRIP VN11 / E171
CORE-3 3S1 3S1 3S1 IN3 / A371
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: PS CVT
SELECTION
DISPLAY
BUS-1 CVT /
BUS-2 CVT /
C LINE CVT
CORE-1
VA : 200
E CLASS: 3P
LINE REACTOR PROTECTION FOR LINE
P2 P2 P2
(MAIN-1 PROTECTION)
CT MB
IR5 / A511 VR11 / E111
IY5 / A531 VY11 / E131
1-CT
3 3 3 IB5 / A551 REL 521 VB11 / E151
CORE-5 5S4 5S4 5S4 VN11 / E171
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2 IN5 / A571
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 1
DISPLAY 200VA
CLASS: 3P
C
2-CT
CORE-5
3 3 3
5S2 5S2 5S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
5S4 5S4 5S4
E
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
LR-CT 400KV
CORE-5
3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
5S2 5S2 5S2

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
LINE REACTOR PROTECTION FOR LINE
(MAIN-2 PROTECTION)
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR4 / A411 VR21 / E211
IY4 / A431 VY21 / E231
1-CT
3 3 3 IB4 / A451 REL 316 VB21 / E251
CORE-4 4S4 4S4 4S4 VN21 / E271
ACTIVE START TRIP
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2 IN4 / A471
CLASS: PS 1-CVT
CORE – 2
DISPLAY 200VA
CLASS: 3P
C
2-CT
CORE-4
3 3 3
4S2 4S2 4S2
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
4S4 4S4 4S4
E
CLASS: PS
P2 P2 P2
LR-CT 400KV
CORE-4
3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
4S2 4S2 4S2

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
CLASS: PS
P1 P1 P1
BUS REACTOR TEED-1 PROTECTION
{BAY3&2}
P2 P2 P2
IR5
IY5
3-CT
IB5
CORE-5 3 3 3
5S4 5S4 5S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 5S2 5S2 5S2
CLASS: PS IN5
RET 670
P1 P1 P1
ACTIVE START TRIP
P2 P2 P2 IR5
IY5
2-CT
IB5
CORE-1
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
3 3 3
1S4 1S4 1S4
DISPLAY
1S2 1S2 1S2
CLASS: PS IN5
C
P1 P1 P1
P2 P2 P2 E
BR-LCT
CORE-5
IN1
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
4S2 4S2 4S2 IT WORKS ON CIRCULATING CURRENT PRINCIPLE AND IT IS

CLASS: PS HIGH IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY. TEED-1 PROTECTION
IB1
IY1 FOR BAY 2&3 AND THE FOLLOWING CTs & CORES ARE USED 3-
IR1 CT(CORE-5), 2-CT(CORE-1) & BR-CT (CORE-5) ARE STARRED
AND CONNECTED TO TEED-1 PROTECTION
P1 P1 P1
BUS REACTOR TEED-2 PROTECTION
{BAY3&2}
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
CT MB
LBB/BFR
P2 P2 P2
RAICA
LBB/BFR
RAICA
3-CT
CORE-4 3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4
RET 670
2S4
3 3 3
2S4 2S4
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S2 4S2 4S2
2S2 2S2 2S2
CLASS: PS
ACTIVE START TRIP
2-CT
CORE-2
DISPLAY CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
P2 P2 P2 CT MB CLASS: PS
BR-CT IT WORKS ON KIRCHOFF’S

CORE-4
C CURRENT PRINCIPLE & IT IS
CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A
3 3 3
4S4 4S4 4S4 PERCENTAGE BIASED LOW
CLASS: PS
4S2 4S2 4S2 IMPEDENCE DIFFERENTIAL
RELAY. TEED-2 PROTECTION
FOR BAY 2&3 IS THE
E FOLLOWING CTs & CORES
ARE USED. 3-CT(CORE-4),
2-CT(CORE-2) & BR-CT
(CORE-4) ARE CONNECTED
TO TEED-2 PROTECTION.
REACTOR MULTI FUNCTION PANEL METERING
P2 P2 P2 CT MB
IR2 / D211
IY2 / D231
R-CT STAR
IB2 / D251
BUSHING CT 3 3 3
2S2 2S2 2S2
2S1 2S1 2S1

CORE-2
CTR: 200/1A
CLASS: 0.2 IN2 / D271
VR31 / E311
VY31 / E331
VB31 / E351
VN31 / E371
BASED ON SELECTION
LINE CVT / BUS-1 CVT / BUS-2 CVT
CORE – 3
100VA
CLASS: 0.2
OVER EXCITATION/FLUX RELAY
{FOR LINE & BUS REACTORS}
VOLTAGE
SELECTION
RATUB BUS-1 PT /
BUS-2 PT
V/F RELAY CORE-1

VA : 200
LINE CLASS: 3P
CVT SELECTION
BUS-1 CVT / RATUB
BUS-2 CVT /
LINE CVT
V/F RELAY
CORE-1 BUS
VA : 200
CLASS: 3P
CARRIER INTERTRIPPING OF LINE SHUNT REACTOR
LINE SHUNT REACTOR PROTECTION TRIPPINGS WILL BE USED AS DIRECT TRIPPINGS OF LINE IN
ADDITION TO OTHER TRIPPINGS. BUS SHUNT REACTOR NEED NOT REQUIRE CARRIER INTER
TRIPPING FACILITY.
87R REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
LINE PROTECTION
RET 670
ABB COUPLER PANEL-1
21R REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY
NSD 50
DC +VE
REL 670 FROM PANEL
64R RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY

RET 670
REACTORS INTERNAL FAULTS
G4AD V9LC 2
GROUP-1/A TRIPPINGS
G4AD V9LC 1 DC –VE FROM PANEL
87R REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

ABB LINE PROTECTION
RET 670
COUPLER PANEL-2
21R REACTOR IMPEDENCE RELAY
NSD 50
DC +VE
REL 670
FROM PANEL
64R RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT RELAY
RET 670
REACTORS INTERNAL FAULTS
G4AD V9LC 2
GROUP-2/B TRIPPINGS
G4AD V9LC 1 DC –VE FROM PANEL
ADDITIONAL AND
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
ADOPTED IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
(EVENT LOGGER & DISTURBANCE
RECORDER) PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
400KV SUBSTATION: MAMIDIPALLY EVENT LOGGER EVENTS INFORMATION
19 MAR 2004 13:00:00
A 13:09:37.090 # 195 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE PROT TRIP
A 13:09:37.096 # 188 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT START’Y’
A 13:09:37.097 # 187 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT START’R’
A 13:09:37.100 # 181 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT TRIP
A 13:09:37.104 # 162 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 Y-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.110 # 196 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE CARRIER SEND
A 13:09:37.110 # 170 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 B-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 161 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 R-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 163 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 B-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.111 # 169 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 Y-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.112 # 168 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 R-PH OPEN
A 13:09:37.113 # 182 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 CARRIER SEND
A 13:09:37.126 # 199 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-2 RECEIVED
A 13:09:37.140 # 185 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-1 RECEIVED
N 13:09:37.147 # 195 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE PROT TRIP RESET
N 13:09:37.148 # 196 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-2 RAZFE CARRIER SEND RESET
N 13:09:37.175 # 187 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 START ‘R’ RESET
N 13:09:37.176 # 181 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 PROT TRIP RESET
N 13:09:37.176 # 188 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 START ‘Y’ RESET
N 13:09:37.185 # 182 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN-1 REL100 CARRIER SEND RESET
N 13:09:37.257 # 199 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-2 RECEIVED RESET
N 13:09:37.279 # 185 400KV SRISAILAM-2 CARRIER PROT CH-1 RECEIVED RESET
19 MAR 2004 14:00:00
N 14:09:48.702 # 163 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 B-PH CLOSE
N 14:09:48.704 # 161 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 R-PH CLOSE
N 14:09:48.720 # 162 400KV SRISAILAM-2 MAIN CB 752 Y-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.903 # 169 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 Y-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.907 # 168 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 R-PH CLOSE
N 14:10:00.907 # 170 400KV SRISAILAM-2 AT/F-2 TIE CB 852 B-PH CLOSE
19 MAR 2004 15:00:00
DISTURBANCE RECORDER R PH VOLTAGE
Y PH VOLTAGE
B PH VOLTAGE
OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE
R PH CURRENT
Y PH CURRENT
B PH CURRENT
STAR/NEUTRAL CURRENT
MAIN CB R PH OPEN
MAIN CB Y PH OPEN
MAIN CB B PH OPEN
TIE CB R PH OPEN
TIE CB Y PH OPEN
TIE CB B PH OPEN
MAIN/TIE CB LBB OPTD
DIRECT TRIP CH-1/2 OPTD
BUSBAR PROT OPTD
MAIN-1 PROT OPTD
MAIN-2 PROT OPTD
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1/2 OPTD
STUB PROT-1/2 OPTD
MAIN-1 PROT CARRIER RECEIVE
MAIN-2 PROT CARRIER RECEIVE
DF/DT OPTD
EVENT NO
NAME OF FEEDER
DATE & TIME
PREFERRED DISTURBANCE RECORDER
400 KV LINES 400 KV TRANSFORMER
ANALOG CHANNELS ANALOG CHANNELS DIGITAL CHANNELS
1. R-PH VOLTAGE 1. HV R-PH VOLTAGE 1. HV MAIN CB R-PH OPEN
2. Y-PH VOLTAGE 2. HV Y-PH VOLTAGE 2. HV MAIN CB Y-PH OPEN
3. B-PH VOLTAGE 3. HV B-PH VOLTAGE 3. HV MAIN CB B-PH OPEN
4. OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 4. HV OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 4. HV TIE CB R-PH OPEN
5. R-PH CURRENT 5. LV R-PH VOLTAGE 5. HV TIE CB Y-PH OPEN
6. Y-PH CURRENT
6. LV Y-PH VOLTAGE 6. HV TIE CB B-PH OPEN
7. B-PH CURRENT
7. LV B-PH VOLTAGE 7. LV 220 CB R-PH OPEN
8. NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT
8. LV OPEN DELTA VOLTAGE 8. LV 220 CB Y-PH OPEN
DIGITAL CHANNELS 9. HV R-PH CURRENT 9. LV 220 CB B-PH OPEN
1. HV MAIN CB R-PH OPEN
10. HV Y-PH CURRENT 10 87 LZ DIFF RLY OPERATED
2. HV MAIN CB Y-PH OPEN
3. HV MAIN CB B-PH OPEN 11. HV B-PH CURRENT 11. HV 67 ABCN OPERATED
4. HV TIE CB R-PH OPEN 12. HV NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT 12. LV 67 ABCN OPERATED
5. HV TIE CB Y-PH OPEN 13. LV R-PH CURRENT 13. 51 O/L RLY OPERATED
6. HV TIE CB B-PH OPEN 14. LV Y-PH CURRENT 14. 64 REF / 87 HZ RLY OPERATED
7. 21 MAIN1 REL 521 OPERATED 15. LV B-PH CURRENT 15. NDR RLY OPERATED
8. 21 MAIN2 REL 316 OPERATED 16. LV NEUTRAL/STAR CURRENT 16. HV 99T OVER FLUX OPTD
9. 87 BUSBAR RELAY OPERATED 17. LV 99T OVER FLUX OPTD
10. MAIN CB A/R OPERATED 18. HV 400 BUSBAR OPERATED
11. TIE CB A/R OPERATED 19. LV 220 BUSBAR OPERATED
12. PSB OPERATED 20. HV MAIN CB LBB OPERATED
13. SOTF OPERATED 21. HV TIE CB LBB OPERATED
14. 27 O/V STG-1/2 OPERATED 22. LV 220 CB LBB OPERATED
15. 51 STUB-1/2 OPERATED
23. HV 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPTD
16. 87HZ / LZ TEED-1/2 OPERATED
17. MAIN CB LBB OPERATED 24. LV 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPTD
18. TIE CB LBB OPERATED 25. AT/F 21T UZ RELAY OPERATED
19. DIRECT TRIP CH-1/2 TRIP 26. OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP
20. 21M1 / 21M2 CARRIER RECEIVE 27. WNDG TEMP HV/IV/LV TRIP
21. 86 GR-A/B RELAY OPERATED 28. BUCHHOLZ MAIN/OLTC TRIP
22. 67N DEF/TEF RLY OPERATED 29. PRD 1/ 2 TRIP
23. DF/DT RELAY OPERATED 30. AT/F NEUTRAL CURRENT TRIP
CONFIGUARATION
OF CONTROL &
RELAY PANELS IN
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
CONFIGUARATION OF C & R PANEL
CONTROL PANEL CB RELAY PANEL LINE PROTECTION
PANEL
1. AMMETERS IN 3Phs 1. BREAKER FAILURE 1. MAIN-1 NUM. DIST.
2. VOLTMETER WITH RELAY PROT
SEL. SWITCH 2. AUTO RECLOSURE 2. MAIN-2 NUM. DIST.
3. WATTMETER RELAY PROT.
4. VAR METER
5. 20W ANNUCIATION 3. CHECK 3. O/V STAGE-1 (EXT/IN
SYNCHRONISING BUILT)
FACIA
RELAY 4. O/V STAGE-2 (EXT/IN
6. CB CONTROL (TNC) BUILT)
SWITCH 4. CB ALARM RELAYS
5. DISTURBANCE
7. ISO CONTROL (TNC) 5. CB TRIP CKT
SWITCH RECORDER(EXT/INBUI
SUPERVISION RELAYS LT)
8. SEMAPHORE FOR 6. 3-PH TRIP UNITS 86- 6. DISTANCE TO
EARTH SWITCH GA & 86-GB
9. INDICATING LAMPS FAULT (EXT/ INBUILT)
7. 1-PH TRIP RELAYS 7. DC SUPERVISION
FOR CB G&R
10. INDICATING LAMPS M1, M2 - 1 2 Nos RELAYS
FOR ISO 8. DIRECT TRIP 8. TEED-1 PROTECTION
11. INDICATING LAMPS RECEIVE RELAYS 9. TEED-2 PROTECTION
FOR DC 9. DC SUPERVISION 10. STUB-1/2
12. INDICATING LAMPS RELAYS PROTECTION (EXT/
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION PANEL REACTOR
HV PROTECTION PANEL MV PROTECTION PANEL
PROTECTION
PANEL
1. T/F DIFFERENTIAL 1. DIRECTIONAL O/L 1. REACTOR

PROTECTION E/F RELAYS DIFFERENTIAL
2. REF PROTECTION 2. OVER FLUX PROTECTION
RELAY PROTECTION 2. REF PROTECTION
3. DIRECTIONAL O/L 3. NEUTRAL RELAY
E/F RELAYS DISPALCEMENT 3. REACTOR
4. OVER FLUX RELAY IMPEDENCE
PROTECTION 4. VOLTAGE PROTECTION
5. ADDITION
IN OVER LOADTO THE ABOVE THE SELECTION
FOLLOWING PANELSRELAYS 4. CVT SELECTION
WILL BE AVAILABLE
1. CONTROL PANELS FOR LINE,5.
PROTECTION T/F,FUSE
B/C, TBC, BUS REACTOR (AS & WHEN
FAILURE REQ)
RELAYS
2. COMMON CONTROL PANEL
6. VOLTAGE
3. BUS BAR PROTECTION PANELS
RELAY 5. FLAG RELAYS
SELECTION
4. RELAYS
TRANSFER BUS 6. AUX RELAYS
COUPLER PROTECTION PANEL(IN FOR 6. AUXSCHEME)
CASE OF DMT/SMT RELAYS
7. BUS
5. FUSE FAILURE
COUPLER T/F TROBLES
PROTECTION PANEL 7. TIMERS
(IN CASE OF DMT/DB SCHEME)
I.RELAY
NOMINCLATURE FOR PANELS7.ARE FLAG RELAYS
NORMALLY 8. CIRCUIT LABEL
8. MAIN
AUXCB PANEL – RLA,
RELAYS FOR TIE CB8.PANEL
TIMERS– RTB, HV CB PANEL – RTRA, LV CB PANEL – RTRD
T/FLINE PROTECTION PANEL – RLB, HV PROTECTION PANEL – RTRB, LV PROTECTION PANEL
TROBLES 9. CIRCUIT LABEL
– RTRC, LINE REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL – RLRC, BUS REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL –
9. RBRA,
FLAG BUS
RELAYS
BAR PANEL – RBBA, CONTROL PANEL – CP, KP, KT, KBC, KTBC,KL,CCP
400KV INTEGRATED CONTROL PANELS
400KV LINE CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RLA 4RLB 4RTB
79 + 25 79 + 25
(AUTO RECLOSURE + (AUTO RECLOSURE +
CHECK SYNC RELAY) CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) 21 MAIN 1 (LBB / BFR)
CB TROUBLE ALARAM CB TROUBLE ALARAM

AND TRIP RELAYS AND TRIP RELAYS
TSR DC TSR TSR DC TSR

TC-1 I & II TC-1I TC-1 I & II TC-1I
21 MAIN 2
1-PH TRIP 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A RELAYS -6 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1 FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP 1-PH TRIP
DC-1I
DC-1
86 GR -B RELAYS -6 86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2 FOR 21M2
D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2 D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2

RECEIVE RECEIVE 59 L1 59 L2 RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS O/V STG-1 O/V STG-1i RELAYS RELAYS
UNDER BREAKER BREAKER

21 MAIN 1 21 MAIN 1i
VOLTAGE MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
AUX RELYS AUX RELYS
RELAY TION RELAY TION RELAY
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV LINE + R CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RLA 4RLRB 4RLC 4RTB
79 + 25 75 A 79 + 25
(AUTO RECLOSURE + 75 B (AUTO RECLOSURE +
CHECK SYNC RELAY) 75 L CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 87 MAIN 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) 21 MAIN 1 (LBB / BFR)
HIGH IMP


21 IMP
21 MAIN 2
1-PH TRIP DISTANCE 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A RELAYS -6 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1 FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP 1-PH TRIP

DC-1I
DC-1I
DC-1
DC-1
86 GR -B RELAYS -6 86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2 FOR 21M2
D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2 HIGH SPEED D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2
59 L1 59 L2
RECEIVE RECEIVE 64 REF AUX TRIP
O/V STG-1 O/V STG-1i
RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
UNDER BREAKER BREAKER

21 MAIN 1 21 MAIN 1i
VOLTAGE MULTIPLIC MULTIPLICA
AUX RELYSAUX RELYS
RELAY ATION TION RELAY
RELAY
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV ICT HV + IV CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RTRA 4RTRB 4RTRC
75 A 75 A
75 B 75 B
75 L
50 Z 87 MAIN 1 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) (LBB / BFR)
LOW IMP


87 MAIN 2
HIGH IMP
86 GR -A 86 GR -B 86 GR -A 86 GR -B
INTER TRIP INTER TRIP HIGH SPEED
DC-1I
DC-1
RECEIVE RECEIVE AUX TRIP
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
AUX RLYS AUX RLYS

67 HV 67 IV INTER TRIP INTERTRIP
RECEIVE RECEIVE
BREAKER BREAKER
99T 99T
MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
HV O/F IV O/F
TION RELAY TION RELAY
ICT / ATF TROUBLES

ALARAM & TRIP
FLAG RELAYS
AUX RLYS AUX RLYS

FOR HV FOR IV
87 HIGH 87 LOW
TEED-1 TEED-2
400KV BUS REACTOR CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RBRA 4RBRB 4RTB
79 + 25
75 A
(AUTO RECLOSURE +
75 B
CHECK SYNC RELAY)
50 Z 87 MAIN 50 Z
(LBB / BFR) (LBB / BFR)
HIGH IMP


21 IMP
DISTANCE 1-PH TRIP
86 GR -A 86 GR -B 86 GR -A RELAYS -6
FOR 21M1
1-PH TRIP
DC-1I
DC-1
86 GR -B RELAYS -6
FOR 21M2
HIGH SPEED D/T CH-1 D/T CH-2

64 REF AUX TRIP RECEIVE RECEIVE
RELAYS RELAYS RELAYS
BREAKER BREAKER
87 HIGH 87 LOW
MULTIPLICA MULTIPLICA
TEED-1 TEED-2
TION RELAY TION RELAY
400KV BUSBAR PROTECTION & COMMON CONTROL PANEL
4RBB2 BBM1 + 96 UNITS 4RBB3 BBM2 + 96 UNITS
BUSBAR PANEL CB RELAY PANEL LINE PROTECTION
PANEL
1. BCU-1 1. BAY CONTROL UNIT 1. MAIN-1 NUM. DIST.
2. BCU-2 2. BREAKER FAILURE PROT
3. BUSBAR CENTRAL RELAY 2. MAIN-2 NUM. DIST.
UNIT 3. AUTO RECLOSURE PROT.
4. BUS-1 ES CMR
5. BUS-2 ES CMR RELAY 3. O/V STAGE-1 (EXT/IN
4. CHECK BUILT)
6. DC-1 HEALTHY
SYNCHRONISING 4. O/V STAGE-2 (EXT/IN
INDICATION BUILT)
7. DC-2 HEALTHY RELAY
5. DISTURBANCE
INDICATION 5. CB ALARM RELAYS
8. BUSBAR PROT AUX RECORDER(EXT/INBUI
6. CB TRIP CKT LT)
RELAYS SUPERVISION RELAYS 6. DISTANCE TO
9. CLOSING AUX 7. 3-PH TRIP UNITS 86-
RELAYS FAULT (EXT/ INBUILT)
GA, 86-GB & 96/50Z 7. DC SUPERVISION
* IN CASE OF DUPLICATE 8. 1-PH TRIP RELAYS RELAYS
PROTECTION 2 NOS BUSBAR
CENTRAL UNITS ARE AVAILABLE
M1, M2 - 1 2 Nos 8. TEED-1 PROTECTION
9. DIRECT TRIP 9. TEED-2 PROTECTION
RECEIVE RELAYS 10. STUB-1/2
10. DC SUPERVISION PROTECTION (EXT/
TRANSFORMER BUS REACTOR LINE / BUS REACTOR
PROTECTION PANEL CB RELAY PANEL PROTECTION PANEL
1. T/F DIFFERENTIAL 1. BAY CONTROL UNIT 1. REACTOR
PROTECTION-1 2. BREAKER FAILURE DIFFERENTIAL
2. T/F DIFFERENTIAL RELAY PROT
PROTECTION-2 2. REF PROTECTION
3. CB ALARM RELAYS
3. DIRECTIONAL O/L RELAY
E/F RELAYS-HV 4. CB TRIP CKT 3. REACTOR
4. DIRECTIONAL O/L SUPERVISION IMPEDENCE
E/F RELAYS-LV RELAYS PROTECTION
4. OVER FLUX 5. 3-PH TRIP UNITS 86-GA, 4. CVT SELECTION
PROTECTION-HV 86-GB & 96/50Z RELAYS
& LV 6. DC SUPERVISION 5. FLAG RELAYS
5. OVER LOAD RELAYS 6. AUX RELAYS
PROTECTION 7. U/V RELAY E/S I/L 7. TIMERS
6. ADDITION
IN VOLTAGE SELECT
TO THE 8. CIRCUIT LABEL
ABOVE THE FOLLOWING PANELS WILL BE AVAILABLE
8. CB EMERGENCY TNC
RELAYS-
1. CONTROL HV &
& RELAY LV B/C, B/S, TBC (AS & WHEN REQ)
PANEL
2.
7. COMMON CONTROL PANEL IS PART
FUSE FAILURE SWITCH
OF BUSBAR PANEL
I. NOMINCLATURE FOR PANELS9.ARE MFM WITH TTB
NORMALLY
RELAY- HV & LV
MAIN CB C&RPANEL – RLA, TIE CB C&R PANEL – RTB, HV CB C&RPANEL – RTRA, LV CB
8. C&R
AUXPANEL
RELAYS FOR 10. PANEL INDICATING
– RTRC, LINE PROTECTION PANEL – RLB, ICT PROTECTION PANEL – RTRB,
T/FREACTOR
LINE TROBLES PROTECTION PANEL LABEL
– RLRC, BUS REACTOR PROTECTION PANEL – RBRA,
9. CIRCUIT LABEL
BUS BAR PANEL – RBB,
400KV & 220KV BUSBAR & COMMON CONTROL PANEL
 APTRANSCO IS FOLLOWING SINGLE BUS
4RBB 2 RBB
BAR PROTECTION.
 POWERGRID IS FOLLOWING DUPLICATE
BUS BAR PROTECTION.
 ABB, AREVA, SIEMENS, TOSHIBA ARE
BCU1 BCU2 HAVING DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE.
 ABB, AREVA, GE, ER, ERL PHASE, SEL ARE
BCU1 BCU2
HAVING CENTRALISED ARCHITECTURE.
BCU3  LBB IS THE PART OF BUSBAR IS LATEST
BUSBAR CONCEPT.
CENTRAL UNIT  INCASE OF DISTRIBUTED ARCHITECTURE
BUSBAR BAY/PERIPHERAL UNIT IS DATA AQUSITION
CENTRAL UNIT
Bus DC Bus DC
UNIT AND COMMUNICATE TO CENTRAL UNIT
THROUGH FIBER OPTIC CABLE.
AE CMR
AE CMR
AE CMR
AE CMR
89BB1
89BB2
89BB1
89BB2
Bar -1 Bar -1
Aux DC Aux DC
relays -2 relays -2  DICTRIBUTED/ CENTRALISED
ARCHITECTURE - LBB IS INBUILT LOGIC.
FINALLY THE CONCEPT AS FOLLOWS IN

FUTURE
 FOR FEEDER : REDUNDANT DISTANCE
PROTECTION.
 FOR ICT : REDUNDANT DIFFERENTIAL
PROTECTION.
 FOR BUSBAR : REDUNDANT BUSBAR
PROTECTION.
400KV LINE + REACTOR CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RLA 4RLB 4RLRC1/RBR3 4RTB2
75A,B,L
BAY1 BCU 21L1 87R

BAY2 BCU
A/R+SC LBB/ BU A/R+SC LBB/ BU

79+25 50Z 79+25 50Z
TRIP COIL 64R
CB 1&2 21L2 CB
TRIP COIL
1&2
TROUBLES HEALTHY TROUBLES HEALTHY
& ALARMS LEDS & ALARMS LEDS
186
DC-1
186
DC-1
86 R1,Y1,B1 86 R1,Y1,B1
GR-A R2,Y2,B2 Reactor Trouble GR-A R2,Y2,B2
286 Alarms & Trips 286
DC-2
DC-2
86 R1,Y1,B1 86 R1,Y1,B1
GR-B R2,Y2,B2 GR-B R2,Y2,B2
59-1&2 21R
96 50
50Z CB PB D/T-1 D/T-2 ZT CB PB
Receive Receive
Relays Relays
99R
400KV ICT CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
4RTB2 4RTRA3 4RTRB3 4RTRC3
75A,B,L 75A,B
87T1 LV BAY BCU

BAY2 BCU BAY3 BCU
A/R+SC LBB/ BU LBB/ BU LBB/ BU

79+25 50Z 50Z 50Z
TRIP COIL TRIP COIL 87T2 TRIP COIL

CB 1&2 CB 1&2 CB 1&2
TROUBLES HEALTHY TROUBLES HEALTHY TROUBLES HEALTHY
& ALARMS LEDS & ALARMS LEDS & ALARMS LEDS
186
DC-1
DC-1
DC-1
86 R1,Y1,B1 86 86
GR-A R2,Y2,B2 GR-A GR-A
Transformer Trouble
286 Alarms & Trips
DC-2
DC-2
DC-2
86 R1,Y1,B1 86 86
GR-B R2,Y2,B2 GR-B 67HV 67IV GR-B
Inter 96/ Inter
50 96/ Trip Trip
ZT 50Z Relays 50Z
CB PB Relays CB PB
CB PB 99HV 99IV
MFM MFM
220KV FEEDER CB RELAY & PROTN PANEL
2RLA1 2RLB1
75A
75B
21L1
BAY1 BCU
A/R+SC LBB/ BU
79+25 50Z
TRIP COIL 21L2

CB 1&2
TROUBLES HEALTHY
& ALARMS LEDS
186
DC-1
86 R1,Y1,B1
GR-A R2,Y2,B2
286
DC-2
86 R1,Y1,B1
GR-B R2,Y2,B2
96 /
50Z TTS
CB PB D/T-1 D/T-2
Receive Receive
Relays Relays
MFM
220KV BC, TBC & BS CB RELAY & PROTN PANELS
2RBC 2RTBC 2RBC
BC BCU TBC BCU BS BCU
LBB/ BU
A/R+SC LBB/ BU LBB/ BU
LBB/ BU LBB/ BU
50Z 79+25 50Z 50Z 50Z
50Z
TRIP COIL TRIP COIL TRIP COIL

CB 1&2 CB 1&2 CB 1&2
TROUBLES HEALTHY TROUBLES HEALTHY TROUBLES HEALTHY
& ALARMS LEDS & ALARMS LEDS & ALARMS LEDS
186
DC-1
DC-1
DC-1
86 86 R1,Y1,B1 86
GR-A GR-A R2,Y2,B2 GR-A
286
DC-2
DC-2
DC-2
86 86 R1,Y1,B1 86
GR-B GR-B R2,Y2,B2 GR-B
96 96 96
50Z 50Z 50Z
CB PB CB PB CB PB
50/51 50/51
A,B A,B
C,N C,N
SUBSTATION AUXILIARIES & TERMINAL PANELS
SSAUX
For AC For AC
415V 415V
System-1 System-2
BCU1 BCU2
For DC For DC
220V 220V
System-1 System-2
BCU3 BCU4
For DC For DC Base System Hot Standby

48V 48V
System-1 System-2 Alarm Alarm
BCU5 BCU6 Unit Unit
For Air For Fire
condition Fighting
System System Main Server Redunt Server
BCU7 BCU8 ABB Network Partner AG COM581 ABB Network Partner AG COM581
For Diesel For fire C C
Generator & Smoke E E
System Detector Communication Router to

BCU9 BCU10 Gateway ALDC/SLDC
SSLTA 88 SRS485M SRS485M SREDU/M SSLTA 88 SRS485M SRS485M SREDU/M
Network Partner Network Partner
SERVICE SERVICE
RS232 RS485 RS485 RS232 RS485 RS485
ABB Network Partner AG COM581 1MRSC60029 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60029 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028 1MRSC60028
Ethernet Switch Ethernet Switch

C
E
Surveillance
system Line Printer for
Alarm / Event Metering Values
DOT Matrix Printer
SUBSTATION AUTOMATION
Hardcopy
Alarm/Event Printer +
Line Printer MFD
DM Printer
For 15 Min
2 Ports for RCC & Metering &
2 Ports for ALDC/SLDC Service Trends
Modem Engineering & DR
Base System Base System work Station
Annunciation
COMMUNICATION
LAPTOP
Auxiliary
GATEWAY TO GPS
Alarm
RCC & ALDC Alarm Alarm Meinberg
RCC LDC
Unit Unit Printer Server POWER
V1
ACQR LOCK
GPS 166
SATELLITE CONTROLLED CLOCK
OVP NORMAL OPERATION

WED 11.12.1996
MEZ 11.42.25
SV 24 > SYN
CLR
MENU NEXT INC
ACK
MEINBERG
Ethernet (TCP/IP)
Network Partner
SSLTA 88 SRS485MSRS485M SREDU/M
SERVICE
RS232 RS485 RS485 Rugged Com/Equivalent Ethernet Switches forming ‘Redundant Managed switched Ethernet LAN on Network Partner
SSLTA 88SRS485MSRS485M SREDU/M
SERVICE
RS232 RS485 RS485
1MRSC60029
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
fiber optic medium Interbay bus on IEC61850 Communication Gate way with hot standby for RCC 1MRSC60029
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
1MRSC60028
and SLDC’ For Control and Protection Relays.
DIGITAL ABB Network Partner AG DIGITAL DIGITAL

M
M
M
PLCC/ 9
10
11
PLCC/ 9
10
11
12
PLCC/ 9
10
11
12
OLTE
13
OLTE OLTE
12 13
13 14 14
14 15 15
15 16 16
16
LOCAL SET
? REMOTE OPERATION
SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

C
E
M M
CARR 9
CARR 9
10
11
CARR 9
10
11
PROT
10 12
PROT
12
PROT
13
11 14 13
12 14
13 15
16 15
M 14 16
15
16
?
LOCAL
REMOTE
SET
OPERATION
SYSTEM 1
2
3
9
10
11
1
2
3
9
10
11
C
E
SYSTEM SYSTEM
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
8 16 8 16
C C
CARR CARR
M M
M CARR E E
9
10
11
9
10
PROT
12 11
PROT
9 13 12
PROT
10
14 13
11 15 14
12 16 15
LOCAL SET
? REMOTE OPERATION
13
14
15
16
16
SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

1 9 1 9
HYD HYD
EM
2 10 2 10
HYD
EM
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
EM
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15 ABB Network Partner AG REL531
RAN
M M 8 16 8 16
LOCAL SET
RAN C C
RAN
? REMOTE OPERATION
E E
C
E
M M
EM AVR 1 9 1 9
EM AVR EM AVR
M 2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
LOCAL SET 8 16 8 16
? REMOTE OPERATION
C C
EM
E E
M M
EM OTH
ABB Network Partner AG
REL511
OTH EM OTH
M
LOCAL SET
? REMOTE OPERATION
C
E
TRIP LOGICS
OF
ONE AND HALF
CIRCUIT BREAKER
SCHEME
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
GROUP-A & GROUP-B TRIPPINGS
FOR 400KV STATIONS THERE SHALL BE TWO SEPARATE BATTERY SYSTEMS AVAILABLE FOR
PROTECTION, CONTROL & TRIPPING/CLOSING OPERATIONS. TO OBTAIN REDUNDENCY AND TO BE
ABLE TO TAKE PROTECTION OUT FOR MAINTANENCE, WHILE EQUIPMENT IS IN SERVICE, THE
RELAYS ARE ELECTRICALLY AND PHYSICALLY SEGREGATED IN TO TWO GROUPS. GROUPING IS
DONE TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE IN SUCH A WAY THAT EACH GROUP CAN INDEPENDENTLY
CARRYOUT PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS WITH NEAR EQUAL REDUNDENCY. INTER CONNECTION OF
THESE TWO GROUPS SHALL NOT BE GENERALLY BE ATTEMPTED.
DISTRIBUTION OF DC SUPPLY SHALL BE DONE BAY WISE TO FEED THE FOLLOWING
1. PROTECTION
2. CB CONTROL
3. ISOLATOR / EARTH SWITCH CONTROL
4. ANNUNCIATION / INDICATION
LINE PROTECTION TRANSFORMER PROTECTION REACTOR PROTECTION
GROUP-A GROUP-A GROUP-A
MAIN-1 PROTECTION T/F DIFFERENTIAL RELAY REACTOR DIFFERENTIAL RELAY
M1 BUILT IN FUNCTIONS T/F HV BACKUP RELAY REACTOR BACKUP / 21R RELAY
TEED-1 PROTECTION T/F IMP / 21T RELAY OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 PROT T/F HV OVERFLUX RELAY PRESURE RELIEF TRIP
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1 RECEIVED OIL TEMP HIGH TRIP GROUP-B
GROUP-B PRESURE RELIEF TRIP REACTOR REF RELAY
MAIN-2 PROTCTION TERITIARY DELTA WNDG NDR PROT BUCHHOLZ TRIP
M2 BUILT IN FUNCTIONS GROUP-B WINDING TEMP HIGH TRIP
TEED-2 PROTECTION T/F REF / HIGH Z DIFF RELAY LOW/ HIGH OIL LEVEL TRIP
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2 PROT BUCHHOLZ TRIP FIRE PROTECTION TRIP
LBB/BFR RELAY T/F LV BACKUP RELAY
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-2 RECEIVED T/F NEUTRAL CURRENT / 51 O/C RLY
T/F LV OVERFLUX RELAY
OVER LOAD PROT (ALARM ONLY)
OLTC BUCHHOLZ TRIP
WINDING TEMP HIGH TRIP
LOW/ HIGH OIL LEVEL TRIP
MAIN CB FOR LINE (1-52CB)TRIPPING LOGICS
INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT G


MAIN-1/MAIN-2 CARRIER SEN

INITIATE M_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT

DIRECT TRIP CARRIER SEND
INITIATE SCADA (DR & SOE)

SYMBOL
GROUP
OUTPUT
INITIATE 400KV B/B PROT

BLOCK M_CB A/R RELAY
BLOCK T_CB A/R RELAY
START M_CB A/R RELAY
START T_CB A/R RELAY
INITIATE ALARM
PROTECTION
RELAY
MAIN-1 PROTECTION 21 M1 A 1-PH X X X X X X X

MAIN-2 PROTECTION 21 M2 B 1-PH X X X X X X X
SOTF, PSB IN BUILT FUNCTIONS OF DISTANCE SCHEME
OVER VOLTAGE
STAGE-1 & STAGE-2 59 L1 & L2 A 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT – IN 21 M1)
OVER VOLTAGE
STAGE-1 & STAGE-2 59 L1 & L2 B 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT – IN 21 M2)
STUB, TOC, BOC,
TEF, DEF, A 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT- IN 21M1)
STUB, TOC, BOC,
TEF, DEF, B 3-PH X X X X X X X
(BUILT- IN 21M2)
TEED PROT-1 87T HZ A 3-PH X X X X X X X
TEED PROT-2 87T LZ B 3-PH X X X X X X X
DIRECT TRIP CH-1 RECD A 3-PH X X X X

DIRECT TRIP CH-2 RECD B 3-PH X X X X
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT B 3-PH X X X
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT B 3-PH X X
MAIN CB FOR LINE (1-52 CB) TRIPPING LOGICS
SYMBOL
GROUP
OUTPUT
INITIATE T_CB A/R PRIORITY
INITIATE M_C B TRIP COIL-1
INITIATE M_C B TRIP COIL-2
89LE C LOSE PERMISSION

START LBB/BFR M_C B
PROTECTION
TO SCADA (DR & SOE)

RELAY
INITIATE ALARM
CLOSE MAIN CB
AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY 1-PH & 3-
79 A/R A&B X X X X
(BUILT IN 21M1 & 21M2) PH
SYNC CHECK RELAY

25 SYNC A&B 3-PH X X X X
(BUILT IN 21M1 & 21M2)
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A 186 A 1-PH X X X
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A 86 GR A A 3-PH X X X X X
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B 286 B 1-PH X X X
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B 86 GR B B 3-PH X X X X X
TRIP SIGNAL FROM 400KV

96 BB 3-PH X X X
BUSBAR PROTECTION
LINE UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY 27 UV X

RELAY
PROTECTION
(152 CB & 352 CB)
SYNC CHECK RELAY
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B

1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
3-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
1-PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT
DIRECT TRIP CH-2 RECD

DIRECT TRIP CH-1 RECD
AUTO RECLOSURE RELAY
25
79
SYMBOL
286
186
A/R
86B
86A
50 Z
50 ZT
B
A
B
B
A
A
B
&
A
B
B
GROUP
&
OUTPUT
3-PH
3-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
3-PH
1-PH
3-PH
3-PH
152
INITIATE M_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
152
152
INITIATE M_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
X
152
252
INITIATE T_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
X
252
INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-A
252
INITIATE T_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
X
X
252
INITIATE T_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
TIE CB TRIPPING LOGICS
352
352
INITIATE
352 M_CB 1PH TRIP UNIT GR-B
X
352
X
X
X
X
INITIATE
252 T_CB TRIPCOIL-1 & COIL-2
X
X
X
X
252
START LBB/BFR OF T_CB
X
X
252
CLOSE T_CB
X
X
DIRECT TRIP CARRIER SEND

X
X
X
X
X
X
INITIATE ALARM
X
X
X
X
X
X
INITIATE SCADA (DR & SOE)

MAIN CB FOR AT/F (3-52CB)TRIPPING LOGICS
INITIATE M_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT G

START M_CB LBB/BFR RELAY

INITIATE LV_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT
START LV_CB LBB/BFR RELA

INITIATE LV_CB 3PH TRIP UNIT
INTER TRIP CIRCUIT HV & LV
INITIATE LV_CB TRIP COIL-1

INITIATE LV_CBTRIP COIL-2
INITIATE M_CB TRIP COIL-1
INITIATE M_CBTRIP COIL-2
SYMBOL
GROUP
OUTPUT

INITIATE SCADA ( SOE)

INITIATE ALARM
PROTECTION
RELAY
DIFFERENTIAL RELAY 87T(LZ) A 3-PH X X X X X X

HV BACKUP PROTECTION 67 ABCN A 3-PH X X X X X X
HV OVER FLUX PROT 99T HV A 3-PH X X X X X X
OVER LOAD RELAY 51 O/L A 3-PH X X X X X X
HV PROT TRIP UNIT GR-A & B 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X
REF PROTECTION 64T(HZ) B 3-PH X X X X X X
TEED PROT-1 / 2 87T HZ/LZ A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X X X X X
STUB PROT 50 STUB A 3-PH X X X X X X
AT/F TROUBLE TRIP HV & LV 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X X X
AT/F TROUBLE ALRM X X
M_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50Z B 3-PH X X X X X X
T_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50ZT B 3-PH X X X X X X
LV_CB BFR / LBB PROT 50Z B 3-PH X X X X X X X
400KV B/B PROT 87 BB 96 3-PH X X X X X
220KV B/B PROT 87 BB 96 3-PH X X X X X X
LV BACKUP PROTECTION 67 ABCN B 3-PH X X X X X X
LV OVER FLUX PROT 99T LV B 3-PH X X X X X X
TERI NEUTRAL DISP PROT 151N A 3-PH X X X X X X
LV PROT TRIP UNIT GR-A & B 86 GR-A/B A/B 3-PH X X X X X X X
PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
21 MAIN 1 87 T LZ
86-A 86-A 86-A
MTR/ MTR/ MTR/
HSTR C HSTR C
E
HSTR
E

1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
BUS-1 ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4 ABB Network Partner AG REC 316*4
BUS-2
21 MAIN 2
1 9 1
87 T HZ
9
86-B
ABB 86-B 86-B
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13
5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
8 16
REL521
MTR/ MTR/ MTR/
8 16
MAIN-1
HSTR C
HSTR C HSTR
E E
86-A : GROUP-A MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY

86-B : GROUP-B MASTER TRIP RELAY / HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAY
MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-1 & SINGLE PHASE FAULT
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
ACTIVE START TRIP START MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
START TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
E TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 1-POLE )
ACTIVE START TRIP
START MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
START TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY
INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
C INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
E TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )

TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
AUTO RECLOSURE
 CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR A/R OPERATION
1. CB CLOSE CONDITION.
2. TIME LAPSED MORE THAN RECLAIM TIME.
3. OPERATING PRESSURE OF CB SUITABLE FOR AUTORECLOSURE
OPERATION.
4. DC SUPPLY TO AUTORECLOSURE SHOULD BE AVAILABLE.
5. PREPARE 3-PH TRIP RELAY SHOULD BE RELEASED CONDITION.
6. NO BLOCKING SIGNAL TO AUTORECLOSURE RELAY.
7. POLE DISTURBANCE RELAY TIME SHOULD BE MORE THAN
TWICE OF DEAD TIME OF AUTO RECLOSURE.
7. CARRIER FAIL SIGNAL SHOULD NOT COME AT BOTH ENDS.
8. CARRIER SWITCH SHOULD BE IN SERVICE CONDITION.
9. SINGLE PHASE & ZONE-1 FAULT ONLY.
 AUTO RECLOSURE OPERATION
1. TRIP MAIN CB SINGLE POLE.
2. TRIP TIE CB SINGLE POLE.
3. CLOSE MAIN CB AFTER DEAD TIME.
4. IF A/R SUCCESS FOR MAIN CB THEN AFTER SUPPLEMENTARY TIME
DELAY CLOSE TIE CB.(NORMALLY SUPPLEMENTARY TIME DELAY IS
DEAD TIME)
5. IF A/R UNSUCCESS THEN TRIP MAIN & TIE CBs.
6. IF MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION, THEN NO SUPPLEMENTARY DELAY TIME
FOR TIE A/R. IT WILL OPERATE ITs OWN DEAD TIME.
MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-1 & TWO / THREE PHASE FAULT
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB GR-A 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
E TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
INITIATE MAIN CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB GR-B 1-PH TRIP UNITS ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CARRIER SEND
DISPLAY


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE-2 & 1 / 2 / 3 PHASE FAULT
CARRIER SIGNAL
RECEIVED ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
& ZONE-2 STARTER BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
IS PICKUP CONDITION
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION CAME)
E
CARRIER SIGNAL
ACTIVE START TRIP
RECEIVED BLOCK MAIN CB AUTO RECLOSURE
& ZONE-2 STARTER
IS PICKUP CONDITION
CARRIER SEND ( IF PUTT OR2 SCHEME SELECTED )
DISPLAY


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
ZONE- 3/4/5 & 1 / 2 / 3 PHASE FAULT
INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION CAME)
E
ACTIVE START TRIP
DISPLAY


DISTANCE SCHEME TRIPPING OUTPUTS
MAIN CB TIE CB
CO CO
186 R 186 R
TO TRIP COIL-1 REL 521 TO TRIP COIL-1

TO TRIP COIL-2 ACTIVE START TRIP TO TRIP COIL-2
186 Y 186 Y
DISPLAY
TO TRIP COIL-1 TO TRIP COIL-1
C
186 B 186 B
E
CO CO
286 R 286 R
TO TRIP COIL-1 REL 316 TO TRIP COIL-1

TO TRIP COIL-2 ACTIVE START TRIP TO TRIP COIL-2
286 Y 286 Y
TO TRIP COIL-1
DISPLAY
TO TRIP COIL-1
C
286 B 286 B
E
MAIN LBB
INITIATION
INITIATE BUSBAR PROTECTION ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP CONNECTED BUS CBs)
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION
RAICA
BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP
DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB
86-GR-A INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
MASTER TRIP RELAY
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
96 BB
BUSBAR RELAY
TIE LBB
INITIATION
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT (TRIP BAY1 CB 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( TRIP BAY3 CB 3-POLES )
OF LINE-1(BAY1) &
LINE-2 (BAY3) RAICA BLOCK MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY3 AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY 3
OF LINE-1 (BAY1) &
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
LINE-2 (BAY 3)
DISPLAY DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
86-GR-A DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
MASTER TRIP RELAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (BAY1 & BAY3)
BUS BAR PROTECTION
INITIATE ALL CBs TRIP UNITS CONNECTED TO THIS BUS AND OPERATE.
TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
REB 500 TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
ACTIVE START TRIP TO CLOSE CIRCUIT INTERLOCK OF CONCERN CB
DIRECT TRIP SEND CHANNEL-1 TO OTHER END
DISPLAY TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
FROM LBB/BFR TO BUS BAR TRIPPING
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-1

TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-2

INITIATE ALL CBs TRIP UNITS CONNECTED TO THIS BUS AND OPERATE.
TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
REB 670 TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
ACTIVE START TRIP TO CLOSE CIRCUIT INTERLOCK OF CONCERN CB
DISPLAY TO LBB/BFR INITIATION
FROM LBB/BFR TO BUS BAR TRIPPING
C TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-1

TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER OF MAIN-2

STUB PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
LINE /AT/F
ISOLATOR
OPENS CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
LINE /AT/F BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
ISOLATOR
OPENS DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
C INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)

E TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER
TEED PROTECTION
RET 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
87 T1 BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE

CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
(HZ) DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
RET 670 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
87 T2
ACTIVE START TRIP
(LZ) DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB


MAIN-1/ MAIN-2
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1
REL 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
110% OF V
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
4 SECS FOR
FEEDER-1 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
5 SECS FOR
FEEDER-2
REL 316 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
110% OF V
ACTIVE START TRIP
4 SECS FOR BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
FEEDER-1
5 SECS FOR
FEEDER-2 DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO OTHER END
DISPLAY
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB

REU 521 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK MAIN CB & TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
120% OF V
20m SECS
TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
UNDER VOLTAGE RELAY
REU 521
ACTIVE START TRIP
1O% OF V LINE EARTH SWITCH CLOSE PERMISSION ONLY.

DISPLAY
C
E
CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES(TELEPROTECTION)
DETAI
PERMISSIVE TRIPPING DIRECT TRIPPING
LS
CHAN MAIN-1 PROTECTION : HERE CHANNEL-1 & CHANNEL-2 SIGNALS
IT SENDS SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA ARE MAIN & ALTERNATE CHANNEL
NEL-1 PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN CB
SEND AS A MAIN CHANNEL & REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL- 2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE CB
2 AS A ALTERNATE CHANNEL.. REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
CHAN 3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 87 BUSBAR-1
MAIN-2 PROTECTION : OPERATED.
NEL-2 IT SENDS SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA 4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 87 BUSBAR-2
SEND PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-2 OPERATED
AS A MAIN CHANNEL & (FOR HALF DIA ONLY).
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
AS A ALTERNATE CHANNEL. 6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
9. 87 TEED-1 PROTECTION OPERATED
10. 87 TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED
CHAN MAIN-1 PROTECTION : 1. TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED

IT RECEIVES SIGNAL PARALLEL VIA TRIP RELAY) FOR MAIN CB.
NEL-1 PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-1 2. TO 86-A MASTER TRIP RELAY (HIGH SPEED
RECEI AS A MAIN CHANNEL & TRIP RELAY) FOR TIE CB.
PLCC PROTECTION COUPLER PANEL-
VE 2 AS A ALTERNATE CHANNEL.
CARRIER TRIPPING SCHEMES(TELEPROTECTION)
21 M1 – REL 521 21 M1 – REL 521
CARRIER CARRIER ABB Network Partner AG REL531
PANEL-1 PANEL-1
PT SEND PT SEND
C C
PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE E
PT SEND PT SEND
DIRECT TRIP PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE DIRECT TRIP
SEND CH-1 DT SEND SEND CH-1
DT SEND
MAIN CB 86-A DT RECEIVE DT RECEIVE MAIN CB 86-A
TIE CB 86-A TIE CB 86-A

ONE END OTHER END
21 M2 21 M2
REL 316 CARRIER CARRIER REL 316
PANEL-2 PANEL-2
1 9 1 9
2 10 2 10
3 11 3 11
4 12 4 12
5 13 5 13
6 14 6 14
7 15 7 15
PT SEND PT SEND
8 16 8 16
C PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE C
E E
PT SEND PT SEND
DIRECT TRIP PT RECEIVE PT RECEIVE DIRECT TRIP
SEND CH-2 SEND CH-2
DT SEND DT SEND
MAIN CB 86-B DT RECEIVE MAIN CB 86-B
DT RECEIVE
PT : PERMISSIVE PROTECTION TRANSFER TRIP
TIE CB 86-B DT : DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP
TIE CB 86-B
DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP
CHANNEL – 1 / 2 RECEIVED
85 LO X1 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
DIRECT TRIP
CHANNEL-1
RECEIVED CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB
DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF TIE CB
85 LO X2 INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
DIRECT TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
CHANNEL-2
RECEIVED. DISPLAY CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB

86-GA & 86 GB MASTER TRIP / HIGH SPEED
TRIP LOCKOUT RELAY OPERATION
TRIP COIL-1
TRIP COIL -1

86-GA (INBUILT MAIN-1) 86-GA
MASTER DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-1 MASTER
TRIP / RECEIVED
TRIP /
HIGH SOTF PROTECTION HIGH
(INBUILT MAIN-1)
SPEED SPEED
DEF,TOC, BOC, STUB
TRIP (INBUILT MAIN-1)
TRIP
RELAY RELAY
TEED-1 PROTECTION
TIE CB
MAIN CB

( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
DIRECT TRIP CHANNEL-2

86-GB RECEIVED
86-GB
TRIP COIL -2
MASTER SOTF PROTECTION MASTER
( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
TRIP / TRIP /
TRIP COIL-2
HIGH OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-2

HIGH
SPEED DEF, TOC, BOC, STUB SPEED
( IN BUILT MAIN-2 )
TRIP TRIP
RELAY MAIN LBB OPERATED
RELAY
TIE LBB OPERATED
TEED-2 PROTECTION
MASTER TRIP RELAYS
HIGH SPEED TRIP RELAYS
LOCKOUT RELAYS
TO CLOSING INTERLOCK OF CONCERNED BAY CB
PUSH BUTTON FOR RESETTING.
86-GA TO INITIATE LBB/BFR OF CONCERNED BAY
MASTER BLOCK AUTO RECLOSURE OF CONCERNED BAY
TRIP / TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
HIGH TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB

INITIATE FLAG RELAY (FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
SPEED INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
TRIP TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
RELAY TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
PUSH BUTTON FOR RESETTING. TO CLOSING INTERLOCK OF CONCERNED BAY CB

86-GB TO INITIATE LBB/BFR OF CONCERNED BAY
MASTER BLOCK AUTO RECLOSURE OF CONCERNED BAY
TRIP / TO TRIP COIL-1 CONCERNED BAY CB
HIGH TO TRIP COIL-2 CONCERNED BAY CB
SPEED INITIATE FLAG RELAY (FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
TRIP
TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (MAIN-1 & MAIN-2)
RELAY
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
(DIFFERENCIAL & REF / 3-PH HZ DIFF PROTECTION)
INITIATE 400KV MAIN CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
RET 670 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP INITIATE 220KV MAIN CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
87 T1 DISPLAY
(LZ) TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
C
E
INITIATE 400KV MAIN CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
RET 521 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
64 T2
ACTIVE START TRIP
INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
REF DISPLAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)

(HZ) TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
C
E
( BACKUP DIRECTIONAL O/L & E/F PROTECTION FOR HV & LV)
REF 610 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
67 HV
ACTIVE START TRIP
ABCN DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

C
E
REX 521 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
67 LV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ABCN INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)

C
E
( OVER FLUX PROTECTION FOR HV & LV)
RALK INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
99T HV
ACTIVE START TRIP
DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C
E
RATUB INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
99T LV INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )

C
E
OVER VOLTAGE (LINE) AND OVER FLUX(TRANSFORMER )
PROTECTION TRIP SCHEME
86-A ABB 86-A ABB 86-A

MTR/ O/V – 1 MTR/ RALK MTR/
HSTR O/V – 2 HSTR O/F- HV HSTR
(BAY 1&2) (BAY 2&3 / HV)

1-52CB 2-52CB 3-52CB
BUS-1 BUS-2
(BAY 1&2)
86-B
ABB ABB 86-B 86-B
REL521
MTR/ O/V – 1 MTR/ MTR/
MAIN-1
HSTR O/V – 2 HSTR HSTR
OVER VOLTAGE STAGE-1 & STAGE-2

ARE IN BUILT FUNCTIONS OF MAIN-1
TRIP COIL-2 TRIP COIL-1
& MAIN-2 NUMERICAL RELAYS. IF LV - CB
EXTERNAL RELAYS ARE UTILISED 86-B 86-A
(BAY LV)
THEN STAGE-1 IS GR-A & STAGE-2 IS MTR/ MTR/
GR-B TRIPPING IS TO UTILISED. HSTR ABB HSTR
RATUB
O/F- LV
RXIG 21 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
51 O/L
ACTIVE START TRIP
DISPLAY INITIATE ALARM (ANNUNCIATION COME)
C
E
RAEDK1 INITIATE 400KV TIE CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
ACTIVE START TRIP
NDR INITIATE 220KV TBC CB GR-A 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )

C
E
MAIN LBB
INITIATION
INITIATE BUSBAR PROTECTION ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP CONNECTED BUS CBs)
86-GR-A INITIATE TIE CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( INTURN IT WILL TRIP 3-POLES )
MASTER TRIP RELAY RAICA
INTER TRIP TO 220KV LV MAIN CB
ACTIVE START TRIP
86-GR-B
INTER TRIP TO 220KV LV TBC CB
MASTER TRIP RELAY
CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB & TIE CB
96 BB
BUSBAR RELAY
C TO EVENT RECORDER ( SOE/ SCADA )
TIE LBB
INITIATION
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT (TRIP BAY1 CB 3-POLES )
MAIN-1 PROTECTION
INITIATE MAIN CB 86-GR-B 3-PH TRIP UNIT ( TRIP BAY3 CB 3-POLES )
OF LINE-1(BAY1)
RAICA BLOCK MAIN CB OF BAY1 AUTO RECLOSURE
ACTIVE START TRIP BLOCK TIE CB AUTO RECLOSURE
1-PH TRIP RELAYS OF
MAIN-2 PROTECTION CLOSE INTERLOCK OF MAIN CB OF BAY1 & BAY 3
OF LINE-1 (BAY1)
DISPLAY DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-1 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
86-GR-A DIRECT TRANSFER TRIP-2 CARRIER SEND TO BAY1 & BAY3 LINES
MASTER TRIP RELAY INITIATE FLAG RELAY (INTURN FLAG RELAY OPERATES)
86-GR-B
MASTER TRIP RELAY TO DISTURBANCE RECORDER (BAY1)
86-GA & 86 GB MASTER TRIP / HIGH SPEED
TRIP LOCKOUT RELAY OPERATION
TRIP COIL-1
TRIP COIL -1
T/F DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

86-GA 87 T 86-GA
MASTER B/U O/C & E/F PROTN RLY MASTER
TRIP / 67 ABCN
TRIP /
HIGH INTER TRIP FROM LV SIDE HIGH
SPEED SPEED
ICT TROUBLES GR-A
TRIP PROTECTION TRIP
TRIP
RELAY RELAY
ICT HV OVER FLUX RELAY
TIE CB
MAIN CB
RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT

RELAY 64 REF/T
INTER TRIP FROM LV SIDE

86-GB 86-GB
TRIP COIL -2
MASTER ICT TROUBLES GR-B
MASTER
PROTECTION TRIP
TRIP / TRIP /
TRIP COIL-2
HIGH STUB RELAY 50ST

HIGH
SPEED MAIN LBB OPERATED SPEED
TRIP TIE LBB OPERATED TRIP
RELAY ICT LV OVER FLUX RELAY RELAY
INTER TRIP FROM TBC LBB
& MANUAL TRIP OF 220KV
AUTO TRANSFORMER INTER TRIP CIRCUITS
HV INTER TRIP CIRCUITS(TO LV) LV INTER TRIP CIRCUIT(TO HV)
FOR LV MASTER TRIP RELAY 86 GR-A FOR HV M-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY
1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN 86 GR-A
CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE
1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP
CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN. GIVEN.
3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO
BUSBAR-1 OPERATED. SELECTION) OPERATED.
FOR HV M-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 3. LV CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED.
86 GR-B
BUSBAR-2 OPERATED
(FOR HALF DIA ONLY). 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP
5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED. GIVEN.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED. 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO
7.
FOR 87
LVTEED-1
MASTERPROTECTION
TRIP RELAYOPERATED
86 GR-B FORSELECTION) OPERATED.
HV T-CB MASTER TRIP RELAY
8. 87 TEED-2 PROTECTION OPERATED.
1. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + MAIN 3. LV CB 50
86 GR-A LBB/BFR OPERATED.
CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN. 1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP
2. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + TIE GIVEN.
CB REMOTE HAND TRIP GIVEN.
3. TIE CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO
BUSBAR-1 OPERATED. SELECTION) OPERATED.
FOR HVCB
3. LV T-CB MASTER OPERATED.
50 LBB/BFR TRIP RELAY
4. MAIN CB OPEN CONDITION + 96 86 GR-B
BUSBAR-2 OPERATED
(FOR HALF DIA ONLY).
1. LV CB REMOTE HAND TRIP
5. MAIN CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED. GIVEN.
6. TIE CB 50 LBB/BFR OPERATED. 2. LV 87 BB(96) BUSBAR-1/2 (ISO
TRANSFORMER TROUBLES TRIPPING
GR-A
86 AX
OIL TEMP TRIP

TO 3PH GR-A 400KV MAIN CB
TO 3PH GR-A 400KV TIE CB

DIFF RELAY 87T TO 3PH GR-A 220KV MAIN CB
BUCHHOLZ TRIP
TO 3PH GR-A 220KV TBC CB
OL RELAY 51OL
PRD-1 TRIP
86 AY
HV O/L+E/F PROT 67
PRD-2 TRIP
NDR RELAY 151N
HV O/F RELAY 99T

TRANSFORMER TROUBLES TRIPPING
GR-B
86 BX
OLTC BUCHHOLZ-R TRIP

TO 3PH GR-B 400KV MAIN CB
TO 3PH GR-B 400KV TIE CB

REF RELAY 64REF TO 3PH GR-B 220KV MAIN CB
OLTC BUCHHOLZ-Y TRIP
TO 3PH GR-B 220KV TBC CB
STUB RELAY 50ST

OLTC BUCHHOLZ –B TRIP
86 BY
LV O/L+E/F PROT 67
WNDG TEMP-HV TRIP
LV O/F RELAY 99T

WNDG TEMP-LV TRIP
WNDG TEMP-IV TRIP

TRIP COIL-1 CIRCUITS
TRIP COIL-1
186R1 186Y1 186B1
186R2 186Y2 186B2

186R1, 186R2, 186Y1, 186Y2, 186B1, 186B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-A. THESE
286R1 286Y1 286B1 ARE SELF RESETING.
286R1, 286R2, 286Y1, 286Y2, 286B1, 286B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-B. THESE
ARE SELF RESETING.
286R2 286Y2 286B2 THE BELOW ARE HAND RESETING.
86GR-A, 86GR-B ARE 3-PH TRIP UNITS.
96 BB IS BUSBAR TRIPPING RELAY
86GR-A
.
.
.
86GR-B
.
.
.
96BB
TRIP COIL – 2 CIRCUITS
TRIP COIL-2
186R1 186Y1 186B1
186R2 186Y2 186B2

186R1, 186R2, 186Y1, 186Y2, 186B1, 186B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-A. THESE
286R1 286Y1 286B1 ARE SELF RESETING.
286R1, 286R2, 286Y1, 286Y2, 286B1, 286B2
ARE CB 1-PH TRIP UNIT OF GR-B. THESE
ARE SELF RESETING.
286R2 286Y2 286B2 THE BELOW ARE HAND RESETING.
86GR-A, 86GR-B ARE 3-PH TRIP UNITS.
96 BB IS BUSBAR TRIPPING RELAY
86GR-A
.
.
.
86GR-B
.
.
.
96BB
ISOLATOR EQUIPME EQUIPMENT EQUIPME EQUIPMEN
ISOLATOR NT-1 -2 NT-3 T-4
INTERLOCKS S.N
OPEN/
O INTERLOCKS REQUIRED FOR CONCERNED
CLOSE
ISOLATOR / EARTH SWITCH OPEN OR CLOSE
BAY - 1
1 1 - 89 IS BB189 O 189 AE O 189 E O 152 O
O E CB
2 1 – 89 ES 189 A O 189 O -- - -- -
E
3 1 – 89 IS 189 AE O 189 E O 152 O -- -
NOTE: All Earth Switches A O CB
in the Bay are towards 4 1 – 89 ES 189 A O 189 O -- - -- -
Circuit Breaker side only. AE
The Line and Transformer
Earth Switches are towards 5 1 – 89 IS 189 LE O 152 CB O 252 O -- -
Line & Transformer. L O CB
O: OPEN 6 1 – 89 ES 189 L O UV A -- - -- -
C: CLOSE LE RELAY
A: ACTED BAY - 2
BB189E : BUSBAR-1 7 2 – 89 IS 289 BE O 289 AE O 252 O -- -
EARTH SWITCH . A O CB
BB289E : BUSBAR- 8 2 – 89 ES 289 B O 289 A O -- - -- -
2EARTH SWITCH . UV AE
RELAY: UNDER 9 2 – 89 IS 289 BE O 289 AE O 252 O -- -
BB189E
OPEN ISOLATOR & CB INTERLOCKS OPEN
BB289E
OPEN OPEN
1-89AE
OPEN & OPERATION
1-89 1-89E
CLOSE LOCAL
3-89
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89AE
& 1-52CB
CLOSE
1-89E CLOSE 3-89E
OPEN 1-89AE OPEN
1-52CB 3-52CB
CLOSE LOCAL
1-52CB OPEN 2-89AE OPEN 3-52CB
& 2-52CB
CLOSE
CLOSE
1-89AE
OPEN
& OPERATION
1-89A
2-89BE
3-89A
OPERATION
&
OPEN
3-89AE
OPEN CLOSE OPEN
1-89E 3-89E
LOCAL 3-89E
& 3-52CB
CLOSE
CLOSE
3-89AE OPEN
OPEN 3-52CB
1-52CB RESET
86GR-A OPEN
1-89LE
OPEN
& OPERATION
1-89L
REMOTE
OPERATION 3-89TE
OPEN 86GR-B
RESET
& 1-52CB
CLOSE 3-89T & OPEN
2-52CB
2-52CB RESET
96BB OPEN
LV89E2
OPEN
1-89 OPERATION RESET OPEN
OPEN & 1-89E 86GR-A
REMOTE
OPERATION
&
3-89
& 2-52CB
CLOSE
1-89A 3-89E OPEN
RESET 3-89A
86GR-B
OPEN
1-89 OPERATION OPEN
1-89A
OPEN & 1-89AE
86GR-A
RESET
REMOTE 3-89AE
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89
RESET 3-89A
& 3-52CB
CLOSE
OPEN 86GR-B
1-89L OPERATION RESET OPEN
U/V RLY
ACTED & 1-89LE 96BB 3-89TE
OPERATION
& OPEN
3-89T
LV89T
OPEN
2-89A
OPEN 2-89B
OPEN & 2-89AE
OPERATION
OPEN
2-52CB 2-52CB
2-89AE
OPEN
& OPERATION
2-89A
OPEN 2-89AE
OPEN
& OPERATION
2-89BE
OPEN 2-89A
2-89B
OPEN & 2-89BE
OPERATION
2-89BE
OPEN 2-89B
CLOSING INTERLOCK OF MAIN & TIE CB
96 BB 86 GR-A 86 GR-B
+ VE
T N C SYN SOCKET
CB REMOTE CLOSE
+ve -ve
MAIN CB
21M1 AR
CB AUTO RECLOSE
21M2 AR
86 GR-A 86 GR-B
+ VE
T N C SYN SOCKET
CB REMOTE CLOSE
+ve -ve
TIE CB
TIE AR
CB AUTO RECLOSE
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OF ONE & HALF BREAKER SYSTEM
A. ADVANTAGES:
1. THREE CIRCUIT BREAKERS IN A FULL DIA ARE ALWAYS IN CLOSED POSITION.
2. IF MAIN CB PROBLEM / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, DURING THAT PERIOD THE FEEDER IS
FEEDING FROM TIE CB & OTHER BUS . NEED NOT REQUIRE TRANSFER THE FEEDER.
3. IF TIE CB PROBLEM / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, DURING THAT PERIOD THE FEEDER IS
FEEDING FROM MAIN CB & CONNECTED BUS.
4. EVEN IF BOTH MAIN BREAKERS UNDER TROUBLE, DURING THAT PERIOD ONE FEEDER WORKS AS
INCOMING AND OTHER FEEDER WORKS AS OUTGOING VIA TIE CB. (WITHOUT INTERUPTION TO
FEEDERS)
5. IF BUSBAR-1 OPERATED / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, ONLY THE MAIN BREAKERS CONNECTED
TO BUSBAR-1 WILL TRIP. DURING THAT PERIOD THE FEEDERS CONNECTED TO BUS-1 ARE FEEDING
VIA TIE CB FROM BUS-2.
6. IF BUSBAR-2 OPERATED / FOR PERIODICAL MAINTANENCE, ONLY THE MAIN BREAKERS CONNECTED
TO BUSBAR-2 WILL TRIP. DURING THAT PERIOD THE FEEDERS CONNECTED TO BUS-2 ARE FEEDING
VIA TIE CB FROM BUS-1.
7. IN THIS BUSBAR PROTECTION IS SIMPLE AND NEED NOT REQUIRE SELECTION OF ISOLATOR.
8. IT IS MORE RELIABLE SYSTEM FOR OPERATION & MAINTANENCE POINT OF VIEW.
B. DISADVANTAGES
1. CT CONNECTIONS & PROTECTION TRIP LOGICS ARE SOME WHAT COMPLICATED. COMPLEX
CONTROL & PROTECTION PHILOSOPHY
2. COST TOWARDS CTs, CIRCUIT BREAKERS & PANELS ARE TO BE INCREASED DUE TO EXTRA BAY.
THE COST COMPARISION TABLE SHOWN IN NEXT PRESENTATION.
3. THE OPERATIONS FOR OPERATOR POINT OF VIEW IS LITTLE BIT COMPLICATED WHEN COMPARED
TO CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM.
4. SPACE OCUPATION FOR BAY IS MORE i.e COST OF LAND IS INCREASE.
COST COMPARISION BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM
& ONE AND HALF BREAKER SYSTEM FOR FEEDER
CONVEN %
S.N % HALF
EQUIPMENT TIONAL FULL DIA INCREA
o INCREA DIA
SYSTEM (FOR 2 SE
SE (FOR 1
FEEDERS) IN
IN COST FEEDER)
COST
CIRCUIT
1. 1 No 3 Nos 50% 2 Nos 100%
BREAKERS
CURRENT
INCLUDES THE COST OF CT MARSHELLING BOXES.
TRANSFORMERS
3 CT METHOD 3 Sets 50% 2 Sets 100%
2. 1 Set
I SET 3 SETS 30% 2 SETS 30%
CONTROL &
3. NORMALLY EXTRA PANEL IS TIE BAY PANEL. IT IS ARROUND 30% COST OF MAIN
RELAY PANELS PANEL. BECAUSE IT IS NOT HAVING PROTECTION RELAYS ( M-1 & M-2 AND OTHER
RELAYS) . ONLY TIE CB TRIPPING RELAYS & ASSOCIATED RELAYS(A/R +LBB).
BAY
4. MARSHALLING 1 No 3 Nos 50% 2 Nos 30%
OTHER
INFORMATION
REGARDING
RELAYS AND
TESTING
EQUIPMENT
PREPARED BY
ADE/MRT(PROTECTION)
ABB RELAYS
ABB Network Partner AG REL 521 ABB Network Partner AG REL 316*4
1 9
2 10
3 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
C
C
EE
C
E
ABB Relays REL 512

c
E
AREVA RELAYS
P443 P445
P437 E-PAC
P442
GE MULTILIN
RELAYS
B90 – 87BB L60 – 87L F90 – 67/51

C60 – BCU L90 – 87L G60 – GEN
D60 – 21L T60 – 87T M60 – MOTOR
D90 – 21L D25 – BCU N90 – NETWORK
SIEMENS RELAYS
SEL RELAYS
ENABLED
TARGET SPT MC
IA =250.10 A TRIP RESET ENABLED ENABLED SEL- 421
IB =250.10 A INST PH - A COMM RECLOSE
PROTECTION
AUTOMATION
IC =250.10 A TIME PH - B ENABLED ENABLED CONTROL
VAB =400.0 KV COMM PH - C

SOTF GND ALT CB
VBC =400.0 KV SETTINGS CLOSED
ZONE 1 50
VCA =400.0 KV
ESC ENT
ZONE 2
ZONE 3
51
79 RESET
RELAY
TEST
CB
OPEN
SEL
ZONE 4 79 LOCKOUT
INST TIME COMM SOTF 1 2ENABLED

3 4
TARGET
SEL- 321- 5 - 2
TRIP RESET PROTECTION
ZONE AUTOMATION
TRIP
CONTROL
EN A B C G Q 51 50
FAULT TYPE O/C
TARGET TARGET FAULT SET

RESET NO / YES /
METER STATUS OTHER GROUP
EXIT
SEL
CANCELSELECT
VA TECH REYROLLE RELAYS
ERL PHASE RELAYS
RELAY HARDWARE
16 / 32 BIT
PC
MODEM
IRIG-B
RE/CC
NORMALLY 400KV RELAYS SUPPLIED WITH FOLLOWING

CONFIGUARATION/HARDWARE
1. MIN 4Nos MAX 8Nos COMMAND/TRIP OUTPUTS
2. MIN 24Nos SIGNAL OUTPUTS
3. MIN 14 LED INDICATIONS
4. MIN 24 BINARY INPUTS
RELAY SIGNAL DATA FLOW
FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE NUMERICAL DISTANCE RELAYS
1. 4 TO 6 SETTING IMPEDENCE ZONES WITH 4 TO 6 SETTING GROUPS (21 + 21N).
2. DIR / INST / TIME OVERCURRENT & EARTH FAULT FUNCTION( 50 / 51 / 67 P+G).
3. EIGHT COMMUNICATION SCHEMES.
4. SWITCH ON TO FAULT PROTECTION(21 SOTF).
5. PHASE SELECTION(R,Y,B).
6. POWER SWING BLOCKING(PSB)(68 + 68T).
7. FUSE FAILURE SUPERVISION(PT FFR).
8. AUTO RECLOSER WITH CHECK SYNCHRNISATION & VOLTAGE CHECK(79 + 25 +86).
9. WEEK END INFEED LOGIC(27 WI).
10. SYSTEM SUPERVISION.
11. STUB PROTECTION(STUB).
12. OVER VOLTAGE/ UNDER VOLTAGE FUNCTION(27+ 59).
13. LBB/BFR FUNCTION(50 BF).
14. DISTANCE TO FAULT LOCATOR(21 FL).(SHOWS IN 1. %, 2. KM 3. MILES & 4. R+JX )
15. 16 PROGRAMABLE SIGNALLING RELAYS WITH LEDs.
16. RECORDABLE 10Nos LATEST DISTRUBANCES WITH BASIC EVALUATION
DISTURBANCE RECORDER.
17. EVENT RECORDER RELATED TO RELAY EVENTS.
18. PRE-FAULT, FAULT & POST-FAULT VALUES OF ANALOG POINTS WITH IMPEDENCE
DETAILS.
19. USER CAN BE CONFIGUARED PROGRAMABLE LOGIC FUNCTIONS.
20. TELE / CARRIER INTER TRIPPING SCHEMES(85 +21)(PUTT, POTT).
21. TRIP CIRCUIT MONITORING(74 TC).
22. METERING FUNCTION (INSTANTANEOUS VALUES DISPLAY FUNCTION).
23. 4 QUADRANT ENERGY METER FUNCTION (KWH,KVAH,KVARH)(KYZ PULSE OUTPUT).
24. MINIMUM 8 COMMOND/ TRIP RELAYS, 24 SIGNAL RELAYS
25. MINIMUM 20 BINARY INPUTS, 14 LEDs
DISTANCE RELAYS CHARACTERESTICS
( MHO CIRCULAR )
( QUADRILATERAL-1 )
( QUADRILATERAL-2 )
( BULLET )
( TRIANGLER )
( LENS / OPTICAL )
( TOMATO )
( PEANUT )
RELAY MODELS OF LINE (DISTANCE) & TRANSFORMER( M
& B ) OF DIFFERENT MANUFACTURERS
TRANSMISSION LINE PROTECTION T/F PROTECTION
MANUFAC
MAIN-1 CURV MAIN-2 CURV DIFFEREN DIR
TURERS
ES ES TIAL O/L,E/F
RET 521 /
REL 521 REL 316 QUAD/ REL 505
ABB QUAD 670
REL 670 REL 512 BULLET REX 521
RET 316
MICOM
MICOM MICOM
MICOM P437
AREVA QUAD/ QUAD/ P633 P141
P443/P444/ E-PAC
(ALSTOM) P442/P445 MHO MHO KBCH/ MICOM
3000,
MBCH P127
OPTIMHO
SIEMENS SIPROTE 7UT 613/ 2 7SJ 62/3/4/5
SIPROTEC QUAD/ QUAD/
( SIPROTEC 7SA62/3 MHO C MHO 7UT 513/ 7SJ
) 7SA522 2 52/3/4/5
SEL 321
QUAD/ QUAD/
SEL SEL 421 MHO MHO SEL 387 SEL 351
SEL 311C
GE D-60, QUAD/ L-60/L-90 QUAD/ T-35 / T-60 F-60
MULTILIN ALPS MHO D-30 MHO SR 7465 SR 750/60
THR 4 PE
IEC 61850 RELAY MODELS OF DIFFERENT
MANUFACTURERS
BCU LINE
FEEDE DISTAN DIFFERE
MANUFACT CB DIFFERE BUSBAR
R CE NTIAL
URERS CONTR NTIAL 87 BB
67 21 87 T
OL 87 L
REB
REC REX REL RED 670
ABB RET 670
670 610 670 670 REB
500
MICO MICO MICO MICOM MICOM MICOM

AREVA M M M P543/54 P633/P6 P74
C264 P141 P44 7 43 1/3/6
2/3/4
GE D 60, D L 60, L B 90, B
D 25 F 60 T 60
MULTILIN 90 90 30
SIPRO SIPRO SIPRO SIPROT SIPROT SIPROT
SIEMENS TEC TEC TEC EC EC EC
RELAY TESTING EQUIPMENTS
PROGRAMA_GE (MODEL: FREEJA-300) 2. MANTA TEST SYSTEMS (MODEL: MTS 4000)
OMICRON (MODEL: CMC 256-6) 4. DOBLE ( MODEL: F 6150)
RELAY TESTING EQUIPMENTS
EGER_AVO (MODEL: MPRT 8430) 2. RES (MODEL: APTS 3)
COS (MODEL: ARTES 440 II) 4. EURO SMC ( MODEL: TRES)
400KV SUBSTATIONS IN APTRANSCO
S.N CAPAC FEEDERS
400KV SUBSTATION
o ITY
MAMIDIPALLY (HYDERABAD)
3 X 315 1. SRISAILAM 1&2 3. KHAMMAM 1&2(PGCIL)
1. MVA
2. GHANAPUR (PGCIL) 4. YEDDUMAILARAM 1&2**
(2 + 1. SRISAILAM
2. GHANAPUR (PGCIL)
3. GOOTY (PGCIL)
4. KURNOOL**(PGCIL765)
NURNOOR (KURNOOL)
1**) X
2. 315
MVA
KALAPAKA (VISHAKHAPATNAM)
2 X 315 1. SIMHADRI 1,2,3&4 (NTPC) 3. KHAMMAM 1&2 (PGCIL)
3. MVA
2. GAJUWAKA 1&2 (PGCIL) 4. VEMAGIRI 1&2
1. KALAPAKA 1&2 5. GVK EXTN 1&2 (IPP)

VEMAGIRI (RAJHAMUNDRY)
2 X 315 2. GAJUWAKA 1&2 (PGCIL) 6. GOWTHAMI 1&2 (IPP)
4. MVA 3. NUNNA 1&2 (PGCIL) 7. KONASEEMA 1&2 (IPP)
4. NUNNA 3&4 (NRPT** 1&2) 8. GMR VASAVI 1&2 (IPP)
(1 + 1. TALLAPALLY 2. RAICHUR
VELTUR (MB NAGAR)

2**) X
5. 315
MVA
(1 + 1. CHENNAI RED HILLS
3. KRISHNAPATNAM**1&2
2. KADAPA
CHITTOR(VEPANJIR)
1**) X
6. 315
MVA
NELLORE(MANUBOLU)
2 X 315
7. MVA
DICHPALLY (NIZAMABAD)
2 X 315 1. RAMAGUNDAM
8. MVA
400KV SUBSTATIONS OF PGCIL IN AP
S.N 400KV SUBSTATION CAPACI FEEDERS
o TY
2 X 200 1. GHANAPUR 1&2
2. GAJWEL(GHNP3)
4. TALLAPALLY 1&2
5. DICHPALLY
MVA 2 X 3. MALKARAM(GHNP4) 6. KHAMMAM (WRNGL)
1. RAMAGUNDAM(NTPC) 250 MVA 7. CHANDRAPUR 1&2
1 X 315
MVA
GHANAPUR (HYDERABAD)
3 X 315 1. RAMAGUNDAM 1&2 4. NAGARJUNA SAGAR
2. MVA
2. MAMIDIPALLY
3. GAJWEL(RMGNDM3)
5. KURNOOL
6. MALKARAM (RMGNDM4)
GAJUWAKA (VISHAKHAPATNAM) 2 X315 1. NUNNA 3. VEMAGIRI 1&2

3. MVA
2. KALAPAKA1&2
5. SIMHADRI**1&2
4. JAIPUR(HVDC)
1. GAJUWAKA 4. VEMAGIRI 3&4 (#)

NUNNA (VIJAYAWADA)
2 X315 2. SRISAILAM 1&2 (VTPS) 5. KHAMMAM
4. MVA 3. VEMAGIRI 1&2 6. NELLORE 1&2
7. KONDAPALLY*1&2
TALLAPALLY 3 X 315 1. RAMAGUNDAM 1&2 4. GOOTY(KNL765*)

5. (NAGARJUNA SAGAR) MVA
2. GHANAPUR
3. MAHABOOBNAGAR
5. CHINAKAMPALLY 1&2
BUDIDAMPADU (KHAMMAM)
2 X 315 1. RAMAGUNDAM (WGL) 4. MAMIDIPALLY 1&2
6. MVA
2. NUNNA
5. KTPS**1&2
5. KALAPAKA 1&2
GOOTY
2 X 315 1. TALLAPALLY 4. NEELAMANGALA
7. MVA
2. SOMANAHALLY
3. KURNOOL
5. RAICHUR 1&2
CHINAKAMPALLY
2 X 315 1. TALLAPALLY 1&2 3. KOLAR
8. MVA
2. SOMANAHALLY 4. CHITTOR
1. NUNNA 1&2 2. ALAMATHI 1&2

9. NELLORE(MANUBOLU) (NLR765**)
MULUGU* (WARANGAL)
2 X 315 1. RAMAGUNDAM 3. BTPS(KTPS)* 1&2
10. MVA
2. KHAMMAM
400KV NETWORK IN AP
GAJUWAKA SIMHADRI RAMAGUNDAM
WARANGAL
HVDC
BTPS
JAIPUR KALAPAKA DICHPALLY
CHANDRAPUR
TALLAPALLY (MAHARASTRA)
GAJWEL
MALKARAM
IPP3 IPP4
KTPS
VEMAGIRI
IPP1 IPP2
GHANAPUR
MBNGR
YEDDUMAILARAM
KPPTS
KRNL 765
NUNNA KADAPA
KURNOOL
KPPTS VTPS
KRNL
KHAMMAM 765 GOOTY
SURYAPETA
NELLORE
CHITTOR
GUNTUR(NRPT)
BANGALORE
BANGALORE
CHENNAI
KOLAR
SRISAILAM
MALKARAM
NLR**765 RAICHUR
ALAMETHI MAMIDIPALLY
/ CHENNAI
VEMAGIRI SUBSTATION DISPLAY
NUNN NUNN KALAPA KALAPAK GAJUWA GAJUWA GOWTH GOWTHA FUTURE FUTURE –
A–I A – II KA – I A – II KA – I KA – II AMI – I MI – II –I II
(PGCIL (PGCIL (PGCIL) (PGCIL) PHES PHES
) )
GUNTUR GUNTUR VPGCL – VPGCL – KOPCL – KOPCL – GVK GVK EXT

315MVA, 315MVA,
–I – II I II I II EXT – I – II
400/220KV 400/220KV
GMR GMR KONASE KONASEE
AUTO AUTO
VASAVI VASAVI EMA MA
TRANSFOR TRANSFOR
MER-I MER-II
DISPLAY

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400KV PROTECTION

12. HERE TWO FEEDERS

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1 1-52 CB 3-52 CB

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1 1-52 CB 3-52 CB

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

MAIN BAY(1ST BAY) FOR FEEDER-1

MAIN BAY(3RD BAY) FOR FEEDER-2

BUS-1 DIA1 DIA2 DIA3 DIA4 DIA5 DIA6

FEEDER2 FEEDER4 FEEDER6 FEEDER8 FEEDER10 FEEDER12

BAY2 BAY8 BAY14

DIA2 DIA4 DIA6

BAY5 BAY11 BAY17

FEEDER3 FEEDER4 FEEDER7 FEEDER8 FEEDER11 FEEDER12

FEEDER2 FEEDER4 FEEDER2 FEEDER4

FEEDER 6 FEEDER 5 FEEDER 4

FEEDER1 FEEDER2 FEEDER3 FEEDER4

BAY1 BAY2 BAY4 BAY6 BAY7

BUS-2 BUS COUPLER

WHEN ANY CB PROBLEM OR FOR

FOR ECONOMICAL& RELIABULITY PURPOSE THIS SYSTEM ADOPTED IN 220KV SYSTEM

BUS-1 TRANSFER BUS COUPLER

FEEDER1 FEEDER2 FEEDER3 FEEDER4

CORE – 4 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR

CORE – 3 METERING & ENERGY METER FOR

SPARE METERING & SPARE METERING & SPARE

TEED PROT-2 MAIN-2 TEED PROT-2 BACKUP TEED PROT-2

CORE-2 BUSBAR-1 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES BUSBAR-2

CORE-3 SPARE 2CT’s SECONDARIES 2CT’s SECONDARIES SPARE

CORE- SPARE METERI SPARE SPARE METERI SPARE

CORE TEED TEEDPR

CORE TEED-1 FOR MAIN-

BUS BAR PROTECTION 3

BUS BAR CHECKUP PROT 3

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

BF MAIN-2 PROTECTION OF LINE2

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

MAIN-2 PROTECTION OF LINE2

CVT 21M1 VL1

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

MAIN-1 CVT VL2

21L1- LINE DIST PROT1

87T1- ICT DIFF PROT1

87T2- ICT DIFF PROT2

21L2- LINE DIST PROT2

67HV- ICT DIR O/C,E/F

87T2- ICT DIFF PROT2

FO (REB 500) ABB

(REB 670) ABB

5S4 5S4 5S4

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

2-BCT IN4 / C471

CTR: 2000-1000-500/1A 4S4 4S4 4S4

79-1 79-2 25-1 25-2