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    Ball Valves

    Uploaded by

    Malik Daniyal
    Ball valves are isolation valves that control fluid flow through rotation of a ball with a hole. When the hole is aligned with the flow, the valve is open, and when perpendicular, the valve is closed. Ball valves have quick operation through a quarter turn and are used where frequent opening and closing is needed. They come in various port sizes and materials like brass, bronze, steel and are connected by threads, flanges or welding. Ball valves allow bi-directional flow with low pressure drop but are not suitable for flow control. Their advantages include fast acting operation but disadvantages include unsuitability for throttling and susceptibility to damage from abrasive fluids.

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    Ball Valves

    Uploaded by

    Malik Daniyal
    38 views14 pages
    Ball valves are isolation valves that control fluid flow through rotation of a ball with a hole. When the hole is aligned with the flow, the valve is open, and when perpendicular, the valve is closed. Ball valves have quick operation through a quarter turn and are used where frequent opening and closing is needed. They come in various port sizes and materials like brass, bronze, steel and are connected by threads, flanges or welding. Ball valves allow bi-directional flow with low pressure drop but are not suitable for flow control. Their advantages include fast acting operation but disadvantages include unsuitability for throttling and susceptibility to damage from abrasive fluids.

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    2. Ball Valves

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    Ball valves are isolation valves that control fluid flow through rotation of a ball with a hole. When the hole is aligned with the flow, the valve is open, and when perpendicular, the valve is closed. Ball valves have quick operation through a quarter turn and are used where frequent opening and closing is needed. They come in various port sizes and materials like brass, bronze, steel and are connected by threads, flanges or welding. Ball valves allow bi-directional flow with low pressure drop but are not suitable for flow control. Their advantages include fast acting operation but disadvantages include unsuitability for throttling and susceptibility to damage from abrasive fluids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    38 views14 pages

    Ball Valves

    Uploaded by

    Malik Daniyal
    Ball valves are isolation valves that control fluid flow through rotation of a ball with a hole. When the hole is aligned with the flow, the valve is open, and when perpendicular, the valve is closed. Ball valves have quick operation through a quarter turn and are used where frequent opening and closing is needed. They come in various port sizes and materials like brass, bronze, steel and are connected by threads, flanges or welding. Ball valves allow bi-directional flow with low pressure drop but are not suitable for flow control. Their advantages include fast acting operation but disadvantages include unsuitability for throttling and susceptibility to damage from abrasive fluids.

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    Ball Valves

    Presented by: Daniyal


    Ahmed
    Introduction
    A valve is a device to control the flow of a fluid.
    Types of Valves:
    1) Isolation valve (Globe Valve, Gate Valve, Ball Valve etc.)
    2) Control Valve
    3) Pressure Reducing Valve
    4) Pressure Safety Valve
     Ball Valve is a type of isolation valves.
     Ball valves are rotary motion actuated valves.
     A ball valve is an on-off or a shut-off valve. 
     A ball valve is a quarter turn valve and is used where quick and frequent
    operation is essential.
    Working:
     A ball with a hole through the middle is installed within the body. If the hole is
    in-line with the flow, the valve is said to be in the open position and there is
    little resistance to flow. If the hole is rotated 90 degrees and is perpendicular
    to the flow direction, the valve said to be in the closed position and there is no
    flow.
     The valve handle is often used to indicate the position of the valve. If the valve
    handle is in-line (parallel) with the piping, the valve is in the open position. If
    the valve handle is not in-line (perpendicular) with the piping, the valve is in
    the closed position.
    Materials
     PVC
     Brass (67% copper and 33% zinc.)
     Bronze (88% copper and 12% tin)
     Cast Iron (alloy of Iron and carbon)
     Ductile or SG Iron (Type of Cast Iron)*
     Carbon Steel
     Stainless Steel

    *SG iron has spherical shaped graphitic carbon whereas CI has flat graphitic flakes
    making SG iron much more stronger than cast iron.
    End Connections
     Threaded or Screwed

     Flanged

     Welded
    Internals of Ball Valve
    Types of Ball Valves:
    There are four general types of ball valves: full port, standard port, reduced port, and v port.
     A full port ball valve has an oversized ball so that the hole in the ball is the same size as the
    pipeline resulting in lower friction loss. Flow is unrestricted, but the valve is larger.
     A standard port ball valve is usually less expensive, but has a smaller ball and a
    correspondingly smaller port. Flow through this valve is one pipe size smaller than the valve's
    pipe size resulting in slightly restricted flow.
    Types of Ball Valves:
    There are four general types of ball valves: full port, standard port, reduced port, and v port.
     A v port ball valve has a 'v' shaped ball. This allows the orifice to be opened and closed in a
    more controlled manner with a closer to linear flow characteristic. When the valve is in the
    closed position and opening is commenced the small end of the 'v' is opened first allowing
    stable flow control during this stage. This type of design requires a generally more robust
    construction due to higher velocities of the fluids, which would quickly damage a standard
    valve.
     A trunnion ball valve has a mechanical means of anchoring the ball at the top and the
    bottom, this design is usually applied on larger and higher pressure valves(say 4 inch and
    above 600 psi)

    V Port Ball Valve Trunnion Ball


    Uses of Ball Valves:
     Ball Valves are used for flow and pressure control and shut off for corrosive
    fluids, slurries, normal liquid and gases. They are used in the oil and natural
    gas industry, but also find a place in many manufacturing sectors, chemical
    storage, and even residential uses.
     Depending on what they are made of, ball valves can hold up to 10,000
    pounds per square inch.
     They are not recommended for use in pharmaceutical, bio processing and
    food or beverage applications because they cannot be cleaned easily.
    Advantages and Disadvantages:
     Advantages:
     This type of valve is considered fast acting as it can move from the fully open
    to fully closed position by rotating the valve stem only one quarter of a turn
    (90 degrees).
     Ball valves allow flow in either direction and have a very low pressure drop.
     Ball valves are well suited for direct local manual operation, although they
    can be remotely actuated using a motor and planetary gearbox arrangement.
     Ball valves are usually the cheapest of all the common valve types and
    maintenance costs are also low.
    Advantages and Disadvantages:
     Disadvantages:
     Ball valves are not suitable where flow control (throttling) is required as the
    flow rate cannot be accurately controlled.
     Ball valves should not be used in any flowing mediums with a high abrasive
    particle count. Abrasive particles could easily damage the valve seat and
    prevent the valve seating correctly.
    Failure Cases:
     One of the most common types of ball valve failures involves a buildup of dirt
    and sediment within the valve, making it difficult to open and close.
     Media leakage: Damaged seals or loose nuts and bolts can cause media to
    leak out of the valve.
    Solution: Verify that your valve’s seat components are compatible with the
    system media. Check whether the elastomer components need to be replaced or
    if any hardware needs to be tightened.
    Three-piece ball valves allow replacement of these components without
    removing or replacing the entire valve.
    Effects of Failures:
     Production downtime: A failed valve reduce production, which results in lost
    revenue and wasted time.
     Repair costs: Periodic equipment repairs are expected in any industrial
    setting, but repairs that result from valve failures can end up costing you
    more than you budgeted for.
    Thank You!

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