Basics of Roga

Basics of Roga Nidana
Dr. Darshna Pandya

Rog Nidan Department
ITRA (INI)
Jamnagar – Gujarat- INDIA
Mail: darshnapandya73@gmail.com
Health
BALANCED STAT OF HAPPY STAT OF
Soul, Sense
organs mind
Features of Health-physic
 Proper weight
 Feeling of strength in the body
 Normalization of voice or complexion/luster
of skin
Features of Health - Agni
 Desire to take meal at the time of meals
 To have proper taste of the food
 Proper digestion of food taken at proper time
 Passing of flatus, urine and stool without discomfort

Features of Health - Psyche
 Sound sleep at time without horror dreams
 Waking up in the morning with freshness

Dosha : those are Basically responsible to vitiate
the body
Dhatu: tissues those sustain the body
Mala: that makes the body dirty if not eliminated

within the time
AGNI: that responsible for all the digestive and
metabolic process
MANA: Psyche…CONTROLLER OF WHOLE BODY
Person’s body follows his/her mind
INDRIYA: unwholesome contacts of sensory / motor

activities with their subjects
ATMA: Soul
DISEASE
Disease
Unfavourable emotions, feelings
Condition that gives pain to body
Abnormal status of dosha
Abnormal status of Dhatu
Condition where vitiated Dosha amalgamate with vitiated Dhatus

and manifests some symptoms…
Disease classification
Why to classify diseases???
1. As diseases are innumerable ….to know nature of
disease from every angle -
2. For Diagnostic and treatment purpose
3. For prophylactic approaches
4. To infer the prognosis

1. On basis of causes
Swabhavika added in this series

Adhyatmika Adhibhautik Adhidaivika
a
Adi Bala Pravritta Sanghata Kala Bala Pravritta – seasonal –
Genetic Bala Pravritta vyapanna/ avyapanna
– traumatic
injury
Janma Bala Daiva Bala Pravritta – where reason
Pravritta – can not be understood – upasarga /
congenital previous did/ natural calamities
Swabhava Bala Pravritta
Dosha Bala By nature
Pravritta - Kshudha, Trisha, nidra, Jara, Mrityu
acquired (preventable / non preventable) (Su.Su.24/4)
Adhyatmika (relation to own soul / self)
Adibala Pravritta Janmabala Pravritta Dosha bala Pravritta

Genetic diseases Endogenous due to
Chromosom linked Congenital diseases
faulty diet and lifestyle
Matruja Pitruja
Rasakruta Dohrid
Apacharakrut
Adhi Bhautika (traumatic/accidental)
Shashtra krut Vyal krut

By weapons
Thunder / Fire / Wild animal
Adhi Daivika (destiny)
KalaBala Pravrutta Swabhava bala Pravritta

With seasonal changes Daivabala Pravritta
Super natural power
Imprecation by humiliated divine beings
/ sages, Black magic, calamities,
contagious / infectious diseases Timely Before time
Regular Due to
weather change abnormal
weather
Lightning Evil sprit contagious All of

Thunder bolt
Sudden
Based on Prognosis
1.Curable – easy curable
difficult to cure
2. Incurable - Manageable / Pliable
in curable
Sukha Sadhya
 Causes, premonitory symptoms, and other signs and symptoms mild

 The qualities of Dhatus involved are not in similar with those of the
Doshas
 The Doshas constituting the prakriti of the patient are also not
similar;
 The season is not supportive to the growth of the disease;
 The habitat is not supportive to the growth of the disease;
 Location of pathogenesis is confined to only one system
 The onset is recent and without complications
 Only one dosha is involved in pathogenesis;
 The body is fit to all kinds of medicaments;
 The fourfold therapeutic measures are available.
(Cha.Su.10/11-13)
Krichchhra
Sadhya
Causes, premonitory symptoms, and other signs and symptoms are of a
little serious nature
The qualities of one of the Kala(season), Prakriti and Dhatus (tissue
elements) are favorable to the disease
Diseases in pregnant women, old persons & children
Presence of moderate complications

treatment measures like surgery, alkali, cauterization is needed
With more chronicity
Occurred in vital parts and joints
Not supported by the fourfold therapeutic measures;
Diseases extending to two systems but not very chronic;
Those due to vitiation of two Doshas.

Yapya
Patient has survived for a certain period by following the wholesome
regimen and as such has enjoyed a little relief; but even a slightest
carelessness might quick aggravations occurs.
deep seated Dhatus get affected as primarily Dushya

The disease involves many Dhatus;
It has affected the vital organs and joints;
It has affected the patient continuously for a long time;
The disease is caused by the vitiation of two Doshas.

Asadhya
Diseases caused by vitiation of all the three Doshas;
Diseases that has gone beyond all therapeutic devices;
Those which involve all the three Paths;
Those causing acute exhilaration, restlessness and unconsciousness;

Diseases which affect the sense organs;
The affected person is usually weak but the disease is sufficiently
advanced;
The diseases having bad prognostic signs.

Other Types
– Pratyutpanna karmaja : Activities of present life i.e. due to not
following specific regimen i.e Dincharya etc.
– Purva Karmaja : Activities of Past life
– Ubhayatmaka : Due to mixture of both.

Kriya + Kala
Time
for
treatment
Six stages for treatment of Diseases
1. Sanchaya (accumulation)
2. Prakopa (aggravation)
3. Prasara (ready to spread)
4. Sthana Samshraya (to get enlodge)
5. Vaykti (manifestation of disease)
6. Bheda (complications)
Sanchaya
– Occurs with indulgence of similar property causes
– Vayu – Ruksha, Sheeta, Laghu, Chala
– Pitta – Ushna, Tikshna, Amla, snigdha, Drava
– Kapha – Madhura, Guru, Sheeta, Snigdha, Pichchhila,

– Sanchaya of Dosha occurs at their own place i.e.
(Concentrated accumulation)
Kapha– upper part of body
Pitta – middle part of body
Vayu – lower part of body

Symptoms
– Vayu – Stabdhapurna koshthata

– Pitta – Manda agni
– Kapha – Gaurava, Alasya
– Aversion to concerned property is common

Prakopa – aggravation
For Vayu
Diet - Spicy, astringent, bitter taste,
Ruksha, laghu, sheeta, preserved veg, chips, beans, have more Langhana
take food at irregular time, to take food in excess amount, food in very
less amount
Activities - night awakening, Physical exertion beyond capacity, excess
indulgence in sex, walking for long time, to suppress natural urges,
traumatic injury
Physiological time : last part of day, night, meal and age, monsoon
Pitta Prakopa
Diet – spicy, sour, salty diet, Ushna, laghu in nature,
to take food before digestion of previous one, vidahi, yellow mustard ,
green chili, fresh zinger, garlic, onion, leafy, fish vegetables, sheep and goat
meat, curd, alcoholic preparations, almost sour fruits
Activities – excessive exposure to strong sun rays
Psychological factors – anger, grief, fear
Physiological – summer, autumn, mid time of day and night, young age
Kapha Prakopa
Diet – sweet, sour, salty, sheeta, snigdha, guru, pichchhila, abhishyandi,

beans especially black grams, wheat, paste of sesame, curd, yogurt,
meat of animals from aquatic area, Samashana, Atiashana, Adhyashana
Activities – day sleep, not to perform exercise, lethargy, excessive sleep
Psychological factors – not to worry at all
Physiological time - cold weather, Vasanta season, immediate after
meal, first section of day and night, first phase of life i.e. childhood
Types
Symptoms
Vayu – pricking pain in abdomen, feelig active movement of Vayu
Pitta – saur belching, excess thirst, burning some where in GIT,
Kapha – aversion to food, nauseatic feeling

Prasara – get ready to spread in body
Vayu necessary for Prasara ….
किण्वोदकपिष्टे त्यादि, रजोबहुलोवायःु

Prasara -
1.Individual
2.Dual
3.All three Dosha
4.Including Rakta
Site for Prasara – whole body, part of body, only
single organ…
•Hidden, weaker Dosha

•Provoked Dosha
Symptoms
Vayu – discomfort and pain in abdomen
Pitta – local burning / sucking like sensation,

feeling like smoke comes from mouth,
Kapha – aversion to food,

indigestion of taken food,
vomiting, fatigue
Treatment: as per symptoms appeared….concerned Dosha

treatment
How to treat the condition?????
Provocked vayu------entered in places of Pitta -----
treatment of
Pitta
Provocked Pitta------entered in places of Kapha -----treatment

of Kapha
STHANA SAMSHRAYA… localization of Dosha @ specific site
 Initiation for process of amalgamation between Dosha & Dushya
(Dhatu / Mala / Upadhatu)
 Symptoms manifestation: as per involved components -Poorva Rupa
Treatment – disease specific
 Utility – to know disease, involved Dosha, to assess prognosis
 Benefit – may not manifest full-fledged disease.

Vyakti….
• One can name the disease…
•Cardinal symptom manifestation

Bheda…
Further progress of the disease…
Dosha predominance become more clear
Single Dosha-
Dual Dosha – Samsarga
All three Dosha – Sannipata
Predominant Dosha should be treated first, but should not harm

others
Components to understand for disease
Dosha – Vayu , Pitta , Kapha, single, dual, all three
Dushya -
Srotas -
Srotas vitiation type -
Origination of Disease – Amashaya, Pakwashaya
Site for disease – physic, psyche
Organ involved in disease
Manifestation site
Swedavaha Srotas Vitiation
Excess perspiration - very smooth skin
No perspiration - rough skin
Burning sensation over skin
Line of management like disease Fever….

Pitta pacifying treatment …
RASAVAHA SROTAS
Origin : Heart And Arteries
Causes For Vitiation:
Excessive Intake of, Guru, Sheeta, excess Unctuous
Excessive Thinking
SYMPTOMS:
 No desire to have food

 Complete Anorexia
 Feeling tastelessness
 Nausea
 Drowsiness
 Body ache
 fever
 Obstruction of micro channels
 impairment of Agni
 Premature gray hair or hair fall
THAT BRING LIGHTNESS IN BODY
Bio purification (especially Vamana, Virechana,
Asthapana basti, Shiro Virechana)
Remain thirsty, exposure to sun rays, Pachana, keep
fasting, Exercises
Property of Langhana therapy: Laghu, Tikshana,

Vishada, Ruksha, Khara, Sukshma, Sara, Kathina
Upavasa - Diseases with less intensity
Pachana, exercises  medium body strength, diseases with medium intensity
Bio purification –provocation of Dosha in huge amounts, person is of good
body strength.
How much Langhana???
Proper elimination of flatus, feces and urine
Removal of heaviness from body and stickiness from mouth
 absence of sleepiness
Feeling of hunger and thirst abundantly, desire for food.

Raktavaha Srotas vitiation Cause:
Vidahi
Snigdha
Ushna
Drava
Exposure to heat / strong rays of sun
Manjistha Guduchi
Sariva
Wart
Gangrene
Abnormal muscle growth

Modify daily regimen
Physical activities / vigorous exercise
Heavy and not add calorie
That pacify Kapha and Meda dhatu like…. Ruksha, astringent, bitter taste
Barley, Dashmoola, musta,
Honey and water (NOT hot or warm)
To have warm water
Dry massage
Strong medicated enema
Bio-purification
Reduction in bone density
but not increase Vayu
on
Treatment
Season wise body purification ie. Vamana / Virechana

Use of Rasayana for the Srotas
AMA
Set of enzymes , responsible for particular metabolic pathway
Acts on Gastro intestinal

tract
Acts on Intermediary
metabolism
Acts at cellular level

CONCEPT OF AMA
 Ama - Product Of Defective digestion / metabolism.
 Considered an important factor for the pathogenesis of the

most of the diseases.
 Amaya is one of synonyms of disease.

 The line of treatment for any disease is totally different in case
of Samavastha and Niramavastha.
Property of Ama
Nearer to property of Kapha
Symptoms
 Alasya – lethargy
 Angamarda - bodyache
 Gaurava – feeling of heavyness
 Apaka - indigestión
 Jwara - feverish feeling
 Aruchi – aversión to food
Importance
Any dosha mixed with Ama  known as Sama Dosha
Initial stage of Disease -- presence of Ama
To decide line of treatment

Sama Vayu
Less movement
Constipated bowel – like Stabdha Purna Koshthata
Impaired digestive power
Drowsiness
Various type of pain with higher intensity
Multiple joint pain together
Become more aggressive of treated with oil
Provoke more @ time of early moring, monsoon time/cloudy
atmosphere, first phase of night
Pitta (Sama stage)
Saurin test
Burning in chest, throat
Headache
Vomiting with bitter , Saur taste
Kapha (Sama stage)
Sticky – that cannot expelled out easily

Salty in teast
Feeling heavy ness and drowsiness
Itis good to consume little less amount of food than requirement.
Better to have vegetables warm and along with some spices
Proper and regular exercises.
To have a gentle walk after taking food.
TEN FOLD
EXAMINATION
AIM OF AYURVEDA
TO SUSTAIN THE HEALTH OF HEALTHY PERSON
TO SUSTAIN HEALTH OF HEALTHY PERSON
TO TREAT DISEASED PERSON AND MAKE HIM

HEALTHY
26/01/23 Dr.Darshna Pandya 118

TO DECIDE LINE OF TREATMENT FOR ANY DISEASE
TO ASSESS PERSON STRENGTH - ROGI

PARIKSHA
TO ASSESS DISEASE INTENSITY - ROGA

PARIKSHA
119 Dr.Darshna Pandya 26/01/23
TOOLS FOR EXAMINATION
 DIRECT OBSERVATION (PRATYAKSHA)
 INFERENCES (ANUMAANA)
 AUTHORITATIVE INSTRUCTION (APTOPADESHA)

DIAGNOSIS MATHODOLOGY IN AYURVEDA
PATIENT EXAMINATION
DISEASE EXAMINATION
Three fold Examination
 FIVE TOOLS (Trividh pariksha)
(NIDANA PANCHAK) Five fold Examination

(Panchavidha pariksha)
Nidana
Six fold examination
Poorva Roopa (Shadvidha pariksha)
Roopa Eight fold Examination

(Ashtavidha pariksha)
Upashaya
Ten fold examination
Samprapti (Dashavidha pariksha )
in g;
N o th
ed Is i ng
Se r y T h
E v e
i l Is
So

ROGI PARIKSHA
TEN FOLD EXAMINATION:
1.PRAKRUTI [PHYSICAL CONSTITUTION]
2.VIKRITI [MORBIDITY]
3.SARA [ESSANCE OF DHARUS/ TISSUE ELEMENTS]
4.SAMHANANA [COMPACTNESS OF BODY]
5.PRAMANA [MEASUREMENT OF THE ORGAN OF BODY -

ANTHROPOMETRY]
Continued…
6. SATVA [STATUS OF PSYCHE]
7. SATMYA [HOMOLOGATION]
8. AHARA SHALTI/AGNI [CAPACITY OF INTAKE & DIGESTION OF FOOD]
9. VYAYAMA SHAKTI [POWER TO PERFORM EXERCISES]
10. VAYA [AGE]

Aims of Ten fold examination
TO OBTAIN KNOWLEDGE REGARDING,
SPAN OF LIFE
PHYSICAL AND MENTAL STRENGTH OF THE PERSON
STRENGTH AND INTENSITY OF THE MORBIDITY

Importance
of
ten folds examination
 BETTER IDEA REGARDING DISEASE PROGNOSIS
 MORE EASY TO PLAN LINE OF TREATMENT

Prakriti is determined by following factors.
– Constitution and Doshik dominancy of Sperm and Ovum at the
time of conception.
– Season and condition of the uterus
– food and regime of the mother at the time and after conception
– Nature of penta elements (Mahabhootas) comprising the
foetus.

PRAKRITI

Importance to access Prakriti
◦ Balanced or Samadhatu Prakriti can tolerate all kind of drugs. While vata
dominant person remained diseased ever.
◦ Vata Prakriti person is of less strength and so physician should be care full if
he is planning any Samshodhan (body purification) treatment for him.
◦ Sama and kapha dominant Prakriti person will get slow in development of
any disease and having good strength.

O F
N C ES
SS E
– E T U
R A A
SA DH
Rasa dhatu sara
[excellence of Rasa dhatu]
skin & hair - Smooth, soft, fine, clear and lustrous

tender and deep rooted hair.
Soft and less numerous body hairs

Rakta dhatu sara [excellence of Rakta Dhatu]
Unctuousness, red colored, beautiful dazzling
appearance of
Eyes Lips
Ears Palm & sole
Face Nail
Tongue Fore head
Nose
Mamsa dhatu sara [excellence of Mamsa dhatu]
Heaviness, plump and beautiful appearance of
temples Sholder
fore head Abdomen
Eyes Axilla
Cheeks Chest
Jaws Joints of upper and lower
Neck limbs
Meda dhatu sara [excellence of Meda dhatu]
Abundance of unctuousness in
Complexion,
Voice,
Eyes,
Hair of head and other body part,

Asthi dhatu sara [excellence of Asthi dhatu]
• Robust heal, ankles, knees, fore arms, collar bones, chin, head,
joints, nails and teeth

Majja dhatu sara [excellence of Majja dhatu]
robust , long and rounded joints
softness of organs
Strength in the body
Unctuous complexion & voice

Sukra dhatu sara [excellence of Sukra dhatu]
Gentle look
Having eyes as it filled with milk
Cheerfulness
Clean and unctuous complexion
Dazzling appearance

Satva Sara [optimum quality of mind]
Good memory velour in fighting
Devotion absence of sorrow
Gratefulness depth of wisdom
Wisdom
sincerity in action
Purity
Skill
Enthusiasm
Courage
SAMHANANA – Compactness
symmetrical and well divided bones.
well knited joints
well bounded muscle and good quality of blood.

Why samhanana ?

 Satva is mind and it regulates the body because of
its association with the soul.
 Depending upon its strength it is of three types,

i.e. superior, mediocre, and inferior.

 Have all characteristics of Satva Sara.
 In spite of having weak physique such individual can
tolerate serious exogenous and endogenous diseases
without much difficulty


Can tolerate the pain when they realise that
other can also tolerate it
 They gain strength from others

 Neither they solve nor others can sustain their mental strength.
 In spite of having plump or big physique, they cannot tolerate even mild
pain.
 They are susceptible to fear, grief, greed, delusion, and ego.
 When they hear even stories describing wrathful, fear full, hateful,
terrifying they feel fear.

 Ugly situation or come across visions of flesh or blood of an
animal or man, they fall victims to depression, pallor, fainting,
madness, giddiness or falling on the ground, or such events may
even lead them to death.

Satmya pariksha [Homologation]
Such factors/ diet which are wholesome to the

individual (even when used continuously) are
called Satmya.. Opposite to it is called Asatmya
(un wholesome)
Dr.Darshna Pandya 26/01/23 146

Good Quality of Satmya
Individuals for whom ghee, milk, oil and meat soup
as well as the drugs and diet having all six tastes are
wholesome, are of Good Quality Satmya.

Least Quality of Satmya
Those who are accustomed to Ruksha material, drugs
and/or diet, or having only one particular taste are of least
quality Satmya.

Moderate Quality of Satmya
if there is combination of both these types of
homologation, individuals are called moderate quality of
Satmya.

Why Satmya to be assessed?
Good quality of satmya - endowed with strength, power of the
facing difficult situation and longevity.
Moderate quality - moderate strength.
List quality - possessed of less strength, less resistance, life span and
inadequate accessories like drug for the treatment.

power of ingestion
Power of digestion

 Which do not make discomfort to any work
even immediate after meal too.

Symptoms of proper digestion of taken meal
 Taste less belching
 Lightness in body
 Enthusiasm to work
 Proper elimination of MALA from the body within the proper
time
 Feels hungry at scheduled meal time.
Dr.Darshna Pandya 26/01/23
154
PRAMANA – ANTHROPOMATRY
155
DETERMINED BY HIGHT, LENGTH, AND BREADTH OF THE
ORGANS BY TAKING THE FINGER BREADTH OF THE INDIVIDUAL
AS THE UNIT OF MEASUREMENT.
[one finger breadth of a medium sized adult is approximately 1.95 cm.]

VAYA [AGE ]
156
 Child hood
Young or middle age

Old age
CHILD HOOD
157

organs are not well developed.
improper maturation of Dhatus.
mental faculties are not properly matured.
 so can not tolerate difficulties.

Young or middle age
158
Well manifested strength, energy, power of understanding ,
memorizing, and analyzing facts and proper qualities of all
Dhatus.

Old age
159
Decline phase of the life

VIKRITI – to be examined to ascertain the nature of the disease
 Causative Factors
 Involved Dosha & Dhatus In The Pathogenesis
 Constitution of An Individuals / of Disease
 Habitat
 Season
 Manifested Symptoms of The Disease

Eight Fold Examinations
1. Nadi (Pulse) 5. Shabda (Patients’ sound)
2. Mutra (Urine) 6. Shparsha (Touch),
3. Mala (Faeces)
7. Druk (Eyes)
4. Jihva (Tongue)
8. Akriti (Physiognomy)
Naadi - Examination of pulse
Not much ancient
Eight site.
Male - right hand Female - left hand

Should be examined in morning time and empty stomach
It should be examined in sitting position of physician as well as
patient
Keep in mind…
Should be examine in morning time but can be examined any time in emergency.
The patient should be calm.
Empty stomach is preferable, but patient should not be hungry or thirsty.
Should not examine immediately after bath. Exercises, massage, sex, or while the
patient is sleeping
METHOD OF EXAMINATION:
The physician places the first three fingers
The position of the finger should be such that index finger lies adjacent
to the process
The character of Naadi beatings reveals health, ill health and death.
Pulse examination
 Rate
 Rhythm
 Volume
 Force
 Tension
Dosha predominance
Naadi of a healthy individual:
The pulse of a healthy individual is said to have the
movement like that have a swan or elephant. Along with

it the face of the person also looks cheerful.
Pulse in various Dhosha dominancy:
Vata:
Felt below index finger
Seems to have movement like, snake or leech – light
and active
Comparatively fast and of low volume
Pitta:
 Felt below middle finger
Seems to have jumping movement like of crow of frog

Rate and volume are moderate or some time slight high
Kapha:
Felt below the ring finger
Seems to have slow and steady, like swan or pigeon.
Slow in rate and full in volume

Sannipat Naadi (Dominancy of all three Dosha):
Pulse felt below all three fingers
Very fast rate
To have movement like trembling

Pulse in various condition
Stage of digestion: very slow and low in volume
In state of Ama, it becomes heavy
If digestive power is good—it felt light & active
In state of Dhatu Kshya:

Pulse become very slow & low in volume
FECES EXAMINATION
Consistency , colour, odour, touch, quantity, frequency,

special characteristic features
characteristics normal Vata Pitta Kapha
vitiation vitiation vitiation
consistency Well formed Frothy Watery, Mucoid,
Dry, scabelous Mixed with blood, Associated with
Broken, undigested food
particals
colour Yellow Smokey Yellow, Pale
Yellowish black, whitish
Deep yellow
Green,
black
odour Bad smell offensive Odourless
characteristics Normal Vata Pitta Kapha
Vitiation Vitiation Vitiation
touch Neither viscid nor dry dry May be with raised temp. viscous
quantity Neither very less Less medium copious

Nor abundant
frequency 1 or 2 per day Frequent urges with Very frequent Less urges
Without any or without expulsion/ evacuations
discomfort constipated
Special features Easy expulsion Fissure in the anus Ulceration and burning
Light in weight i.e. sensation while passing
Floats on water stool
URINE EXAMINATION
Examination Doshik vitiation
Vata Pitta Kapha
quantity less moderate copious
Frequency increased normal Less
colour Light yellow Deep yellow, whitish
Brown, green,
Blue, black,
Red,
Examination Doshik vitiation
Vata Pitta Kapha
touch cold Slight warm Slight viscous
Cold
appearance frothy Non frothy
Additional Painful micturition Burning micturition Feeling of cold
symptoms during micturition
तैलबिन्द ु परिक्षा
L ater came in picture – medieval period
वंगसेन, योगरत्नाकर, वसवराजीयम
Dosha predominance
Prognosis of the disease
Prognosis
 Direction of spread
 Shape formation
 Behaviour of the drop

Direction of spread
Good Prognosis Bad Prognosis

East North - East
West
South – East
North
North - West
South
South - West
Bad Prognosis
Good Prognosis
Axe, Tortoise, Buffalo, Comb,
Swan, Duck, Lotus, Elephant,
Human body devoid of head,
snake, Umbrella, and House. Sword, Arrow, Body Parts, and
Stick -
sieve, human body, and human with two heads - Kula Dosha,
Preta Dosha and Bhoota Dosha respectively
On the basis of behavior of drop
spreads over the surface of urine – Sadhyata
remains as Bindu without spreading over urine surface -
Asadhyata.
Taila Bindu sinks to bottom - indication of death.
Dosha indication
snake - Vataja Vikara,
umbrella) - in Pitta
 pearl shape -- Kaphaja Vikara.
Deerga Rogi if Taila Bindu on the surface of urine

 circular - Vataja Vikara Bubbles - Pitta
drop - Kaphaja Vikara
Sinks to the bottom - Sannipataja

Common information for the examination
Oil – highest viscosity Krishna Til Taila
Material of container – glass
Procedure –
Volume of urine – ¾ of Petri dish Size of the dish – 8”

diameter
Time – maximum two hours after collection
Height of drop – 1 cm
hypothesis for spread
1. Gravity – accelerating force
2. viscous force – retarding one

3. Inter facial tension – final determination
The interfacial tension between the surface active molecules and the
oil may decide providing possibilities of different speed, and extent
of spread.
Hypothesis for different shapes
Pattern - Surface active molecules and other metabolites
Direction– may be presence of the paramagnetic molecules
which may align as per the magnetic field of the earth

Study
No Shape Direction Condition of the patient
1 Circular Equal spread Asymptomatic

6 Irregular NE Stable
7 Irregular Equal spread Symptomatic
No Shape Direction Condition of patient
8 Irregular West Symptomatic
9 Shira / Irregular NE Died
10 Irregular NW Died
11 Irregular SE Died
12 Irregular SW Died
13 Irregular North Died

SNAKE
SWAN
Pearl Sieve Shape

TONGUE EXAMINATION
TONGUE EXAMINATION
Healthy tongue Aggravation Pitta Kapha All three Dosh Bad prognosis
of Vata vitiation indication
Smooth, even Rough, fissured soft Thick , Rough , Atrophied,

surface, clean Glossy Thorn like shrunken,
surface rough,
Red Bluish pink or Angry red, white Black, very Dried, Black,
blue Yellow, white, with feeling of
Deep yellow Angry red thorn over it
Edges
Sound Examination
 sounds produced by the different organs of the

body (auscultation)
Patient’s own voice

Sparsha Pariksha - examination by touch
Abscess – hard, soft, cold, hot
Body temperature
Palpation and percussion of various organs of the body

Eye examination
/
Vaayu Pitta Kapha Bed Prognosis
Smoky, Pink, Blue, Pink, Yellow, Red, Dirty White shiny Red, Black, Dirty
Dry - Watery -
Greasy
Unsteady - Steady -
Shrunken - Deep Shrunken
Terrifying Penetrating Affectionate Horrifying
Glows in side Lustrous, Lustre less
Fear of light
- Burning Sensation With itching -

Akriti - external features of the body
local area features
 General body features
 Height and weight
Idea about BMI
structural deformity
walking pattern
Santarpana
Santarpana – over nutrition
CAUSES CAUSES
 Excessive consumption of  Those who indulge in
Unctuous / sweet / heavy / sedentary, inactive
slimy / food lifestyles
 New harvested grains
 sleep during the day
 New wine
 Flesh of animals living in
marshy area
 Milk and its products
 Article prepared with sugar
 Varieties of cakes
Causes indulgence  provocation of Pitta & Kapha
Vayu provocation by
Pitta – Kapha obstruction of its Path
provocation
Diseases arise due to Santarpana
 Urinary tract diseases
 Diabetes mellitus
 Carbuncles arise due to DM
 Urticaria
 Itching and skin diseases
 pandu (anaemia)
 Diseases arise due to Ama
 Jwara
 Dysuria
Diseases arise due to Santarpana
 Anorexia or appetite related
complaints
 Drowsiness / sleepiness
 Erectile dysfunctions
 Obesity
 Laziness
 Heaviness of the body
 Blockages in the channels
 Sense organs diseases
 Delusion
 various types of oedema,
Management line
 ullekhana(therapeutic emesis),
 Virechana (therapeutic purgation)
 Rakta mokshana blood-letting
 specific exercises
 therapeutic fasting,
 dhooma (hot fomentation with smoke of medicinal plants),
 Swedana(sudation).
• with honey,
• habituating with ruksha food
• Udvartana
• Pailties / Upanaha
• The decoction of triphala, aragvadha (Cassia fistula,
patha (Cissampelos pareira), saptaparna (Alstonia
scholaris), vatsaka (Holarrhena antidysenterica), Musta (Cyperus
rotundus), madana (Randia dumetorum) and nimba (Azadirachta
indica),
By regular use of this decoction, in the right dose and at the right
time, santarpaniya vyadhi like madhumeha and other diseases can be controlled
properly.
• Mantha (thin gruel) prepared of trikatu, triphala ,
honey, vidanga ajamoda roasted wheat flour help to cure the
diseases due to over-nourishment.
Vidanga Celery
Vidanga
Apatarpana
1. Emaciation of the body, 9. psychosis,
2. reduction in the power of digestion,
10. delirium,
3. Reduction in strength, complexion, Ojas
4. semen and muscle tissue,
11. pain in cardiac region,
5. Having feverish feeling 12. accumulation of stool and urine,

6. pain in chest and flanks,
13. pain in calf, thigh and lumber regions
7. anorexia,
14. cracking pain in bones and joints, and
8. weakness in the power of hearing sounds,
such other diseases
15. Upward movement of Vayu

Management
• Therapies that nourish instantly need to be administered

regularly and for a long period of time.
• factors for deciding a course of treatment of emaciation in
chronic patients include: body constitution, power of digestion,
predominant Dosha, form of medicine, dose, and season and
time of administration (of the therapy)
1. Soups made out of flesh,
2. Milk,
3. Medicated ghee along with activities such as bath, oil

massage, and medicated enema (processed
with santarpana medicines)
• Mantha (thin gruel) prepared from sugar, pippali (Pipper
longum), oil, ghee, and honey - in equal quantities added with
double the quantity of saktu (roasted white millet flour) is
considered useful in such conditions
• Mantha (thin gruel) prepared from date, dry grapes, Vikshamla
(Garcinia indica Ehois), amlika (tamarind), Dadima (pomegranate
seed), and Amalaki are useful.
• Sweet and sour gruel prepared in water with or without unctuous

substances refreshes instantly and gives stability, good complexion
and strength.

Basics of Roga

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Basics of Roga Nidana

Dr. Darshna Pandya

BALANCED STAT OF HAPPY STAT OF

 Feeling of strength in the body

 Normalization of voice or complexion/luster

 Desire to take meal at the time of meals

 To have proper taste of the food

 Proper digestion of food taken at proper time

 Passing of flatus, urine and stool without discomfort

 Sound sleep at time without horror dreams

 Waking up in the morning with freshness

Dhatu: tissues those sustain the body

Mala: that makes the body dirty if not eliminated

Person’s body follows his/her mind

INDRIYA: unwholesome contacts of sensory / motor

Unfavourable emotions, feelings

Condition that gives pain to body

Abnormal status of dosha

Abnormal status of Dhatu

Condition where vitiated Dosha amalgamate with vitiated Dhatus

2. For Diagnostic and treatment purpose

3. For prophylactic approaches

4. To infer the prognosis

Swabhavika added in this series

Adibala Pravritta Janmabala Pravritta Dosha bala Pravritta

Shashtra krut Vyal krut

KalaBala Pravrutta Swabhava bala Pravritta

Lightning Evil sprit contagious All of

1.Curable – easy curable

2. Incurable - Manageable / Pliable

 Causes, premonitory symptoms, and other signs and symptoms mild

Causes, premonitory symptoms, and other signs and symptoms are of a

little serious nature

The qualities of one of the Kala(season), Prakriti and Dhatus (tissue

elements) are favorable to the disease

Diseases in pregnant women, old persons & children

Presence of moderate complications

With more chronicity

Occurred in vital parts and joints

Not supported by the fourfold therapeutic measures;

Diseases extending to two systems but not very chronic;

Those due to vitiation of two Doshas.

Patient has survived for a certain period by following the wholesome

carelessness might quick aggravations occurs.

deep seated Dhatus get affected as primarily Dushya

It has affected the vital organs and joints;

It has affected the patient continuously for a long time;

The disease is caused by the vitiation of two Doshas.

Diseases that has gone beyond all therapeutic devices;

Those which involve all the three Paths;

Those causing acute exhilaration, restlessness and unconsciousness;

The affected person is usually weak but the disease is sufficiently

The diseases having bad prognostic signs.

following specific regimen i.e Dincharya etc.

– Purva Karmaja : Activities of Past life

– Ubhayatmaka : Due to mixture of both.

3. Prasara (ready to spread)

4. Sthana Samshraya (to get enlodge)

5. Vaykti (manifestation of disease)