PPT 4 Revisi
PPT 4 Revisi
PPT 4 Revisi
Introduction to
Business and
Economics
Week 04
Marketing Processes and Market
System
LEARNING OUTCOMES
Pricing
process of determining the best price at which to sell a product
Place (distribution)
part of the marketing mix concerned with getting products from producers to
consumers
Promotion
aspect of the marketing mix concerned with the most effective techniques for
communicating information about products
Target Marketing and Market
Segmentation
Target Market : the particular group of people or organizations on which a
firm’s marketing efforts are focused
Market Segmentation : process of dividing a market into categories of
customer types, or “segments,” having similar wants and needs and who can
be expected to show interest in the same products
Identifying Market Segments
• Geographic Segmentation
• Demographic Segmentation
• Geo-Demographic Segmentation
• Psychographic Segmentation
• Behavioral Segmentation
Demand and Supply
The demand schedule shows the quantity demanded at each price. The demand curve, which graphs the demand schedule, shows how
the quantity demanded of the good changes as its price varies. Because a lower price increases the quantity demanded, the demand
curve slopes downward.
Demand
Shifts in the Demand Curve
Any change that raises the quantity that buyers wish to purchase at a given price shifts the demand curve to the right. Any change that lowers the quantity
that buyers wish to purchase at a given price shifts the demand curve to the left.
Supply
• supply schedule a table that shows the relationship between the
price of a good and the quantity supplied
• supply curve a graph of the relationship between the price of a good
and the quantity supplied
Supply : Example
Supply
Shifts in the Supply Curve
Any change that raises the quantity that sellers are willing to produce and offer for sale at a given price shifts the supply curve to the right. Any change that
lowers the quantity that sellers are willing to produce and offer for sale at a given price shifts the supply curve to the left.
Equilibrium
The equilibrium is found where
the supply and demand curves
intersect. At the equilibrium
price, the quantity supplied
equals the quantity demanded.
Here the equilibrium price is
€2: at this price, 7000 tonnes of
rape seed are supplied and
7000 tonnes are demanded.
Market non Equilibrium