Year10 Working With Circles

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Give reasons for why each diagram is/is not an

example of the keyword.


Radius Chord

Tangent
Arc

Sector Segment
Give reasons for why each diagram is/is not an
example of the keyword.
e.g.
A line segment from the centre to the circumference

A line segment touching the circumference

Area of circle bounded by two radii and the circumference

A line segment connecting two points on the circle’s


circumference

A fraction of a circle’s circumference

Area of circle bounded by a chord and the


circumference
Use a geometry software package to investigate:

What is the maximum number of times that three


chords of a circle can intersect?

How many times can four chords intersect?

Is it always possible to draw two circles that share


the same chord?
Use a geometry software package to investigate:

What is the maximum number of times that three


chords of a circle can intersect? Three

How many times can four chords intersect?


Six
Is it always possible to draw two circles that share
the same chord? Yes
For each circle, write down the fraction that is
shaded.

30
For each circle, write down the fraction that is
shaded.

30
Which is the correct formula for the area of a
circle?

The radius of the circle is 6 cm. Find, in terms of ,


the area of the circle.
the area of the shaded region.
Which is the correct formula for the area of a
circle?

The radius of the circle is 6 cm. Find, in terms of ,


the area of the circle. 36 cm2
the area of the shaded region. 30 cm2
A circle has diameter 12 cm.
Work out,
the area of the circle.
the circumference of the circle.

Tommy says the area and perimeter of a semicircle


of diameter 12 cm will be half the answers you
have just worked out.

Tommy is only partly right.


Explain why.
A circle has diameter 12 cm.
Work out,
the area of the circle. 113.1 or 36 cm2
the circumference of the circle. 37.7 or 12 cm

Tommy says the area and perimeter of a semicircle


of diameter 12 cm will be half the answers you
have just worked out.

Tommy is only partly right.


Explain why.
Area is correct, but the perimeter is half the circumference plus the
diameter
The circumference of this circle is 20 cm.

What is the distance clockwise from A to B?


What assumption have you made?

Work out the shaded area.


A

B
The circumference of this circle is 20 cm.

What is the distance clockwise from A to B? 15


What assumption have you made? That is shaded

Work out the shaded area.


A

75 cm2
The circumference of this circle is 24 cm.
Find the arc length in each case.

Find the arc lengths if the radius of the circle


were 24 cm.
The circumference of this circle is 24 cm.
Find the arc length in each case.

12 cm 6 cm 18 cm

8 cm 16 cm

Find the arc lengths if the radius of the circle


were 24 cm.
24 cm 12 cm 36 cm 16 cm 32 cm
Jack thinks he can find the arc length of any
sector with a radius of r and angle of

𝜃
× circumference
360

Is Jack correct?
Jack thinks he can find the arc length of any
sector with a radius of r and angle of

𝜃
× circumference
360

Is Jack correct? Yes


Explain each term of the following calculation
to find the perimeter of this shape.

320 30 m

× 2𝜋 × 30+30+30 40

360
Calculate the answer to 1 decimal place.
Explain each term of the following calculation
to find the perimeter of this shape.

320 30 m

× 2𝜋 × 30+30+30 40

360
Arc length of the major sector Radius

Calculate the answer to 1 decimal place.


227.6 m2
A circle has centre O and radius 10 m.

Find, in terms of the arc length if,


the angle at the centre is
the angle at the centre is
A circle has centre O and radius 10 m.

Find, in terms of the arc length if,


the angle at the centre is 20 2 m

the angle at the centre is 20 15 m


The length of an arc subtended by an angle
of 120is 8 cm.
Work out the radius of the circle.
The length of an arc subtended by an angle
of 120is 8 cm.
Work out the radius of the circle.

Arc Length

cm
The circle is split into equal parts.
The area of the circle is 24 cm2.

What is the area of the blue sector?


What is the area of the white sector?
The circle is split into equal parts.
The area of the circle is 24 cm2.

What is the area of the blue sector? of 24 15 cm2


What is the area of the white sector? of 24 9 cm2
The outline for a company logo is the sector of
a circle subtended by an angle of 120 as
shown in the diagram.

What is the area of the logo if the radius of


the circle is 10 cm?
What is the area of the logo if the
diameter of the circle is 10 cm?

120
The outline for a company logo is the sector of
a circle subtended by an angle of 120 as
shown in the diagram.

What is the area of the logo if the radius of


the circle is 10 cm? cm2
What is the area of the logo if the
diameter of the circle is 10 cm? cm2

120
Complete the table.

Radius Diameter Angle at Area of Length


centre sector of arc

5 cm 100

1.2 m 13

6 cm 3 cm2
Complete the table.

Radius Diameter Angle at Area of Length


centre sector of arc

5 cm 10 cm 100 21.8 cm2 8.73


cm

60 cm 1.2 m 13 130 cm 2 13.6


cm
6 cm 12 cm 30 3 cm2 cm
Part of a circle is drawn from the centre of a
regular hexagon as shown.

The sides of the hexagon are 60 cm.

Work out the shaded area.


Part of a circle is drawn from the centre of a
regular hexagon as shown.

The sides of the hexagon are 60 cm.

Work out the shaded area.


60 cm

60 cm
120

Shaded area:
2
cm2
Compare angles AOB and AXB in the diagrams
below. What to you notice?
Use dynamic geometry software to see if your
result is always true.
B B

O O
X 41 82 X 43 86

A
A

X X
65
43 O
O B
130
86
B A
A
Compare angles AOB and AXB in the diagrams
below. What to you notice?
Use dynamic geometry software to see if your
result is always true. Angle AOB is double angle AXB
B B

O O
X 41 82 X 43 86

A
A

X X
65
43 O
O B
130
86
B A
A
Copy the diagram.
Add the radius OC to the diagram.
Write down the names of the isosceles triangles
that are formed.
Which angles are equal?
Use these angles to prove that
C

A B
AOC BOC

Let Let
∠ ACB=𝑥+ 𝑦
C

𝑥𝑦
O

𝑥 𝑦

A B
∴∠ AOB=2∠ ACB
Work out the unknown angles.

a 130

124 b c

What is the same and what is different about


your calculations?
Work out the unknown angles.

a 130

124 b c

What is the same and what is different about


your calculations?
a=62° b=180 ° c=260 °
Use dynamic geometry to investigate whether
these diagrams are possible, impossible or
always true?
What do you notice about the angle in a
semicircle?

90 °
90 °

90 °
90 °
Use dynamic geometry to investigate whether
these diagrams are possible, impossible or
always true?
What do you notice about the angle in a
semicircle? Always 90
Possible Always true
90 °
90 °

90 °
90 °

Impossible Always true


The proof that the angle in a semicircle is
always is started below. Follow the
instructions to help complete the proof.

AO OC (both radii of the same circle)


So (Angles in an isosceles triangle)

Find an expression for


Find the angle sum of triangle ACB in terms
of and
Equate this to 180 and find the value
of
(Angles in an isosceles triangle)
C
So

A O B
Work out and in the semicircles shown.

2𝑥 𝑥 −10

cm

cm
Work out and in the semicircles shown.

2𝑥 𝑥 −10

32 32 2
cm

cm

cm
What has changed or stayed the same from
diagram to diagram?
Colour in angles that are equal in size.
How do you know they are equal?
Angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference

Angle at the centre is twice


the both angles at the
circumference.

Two orange angles must be


the same because of interior
angles in a triangle sum to
180
Rotation of previous diagram
Which of the diagrams below show that angles in
the same segment are the same and which do not?
How do you know?
Which of the diagrams below show that angles in
the same segment are the same and which do not?
How do you know?

These are not subtended


by the same arc.
In each of the circles, ABD is 65
Are any other of the angles 65?
What other angles can you find?

A
C A
D B
O
B D C
A B
D
C
C
D
65 C

65 B
65
O
A 65
B 130 A
A 25

25
D
65 25 D
B

65

C
Which of the following diagrams are cyclic
quadrilaterals? Explain why or why not.
Which of the following diagrams are cyclic
quadrilaterals? Explain why or why not.

Cyclic quadrilaterals have all four vertices on the circumference.


Are the statements always, sometimes or never
true?
Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
add up to 180
Adjacent angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
add up to 180
Rectangles are cyclic quadrilaterals.
Parallelograms are cyclic quadrilaterals.
Kites are cyclic quadrilaterals.
Trapezia are cyclic quadrilaterals.
Are the statements always, sometimes or never
true?
Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
add up to 180 Always true
Adjacent angles of a cyclic quadrilateral
add up to 180 Sometimes true
Rectangles are cyclic quadrilaterals. Always true
Parallelograms are cyclic quadrilaterals. Never true
Kites are cyclic quadrilaterals. Never true
Trapezia are cyclic quadrilaterals. Sometimes true
Work out the lettered angles in the diagrams.

Which other angles can you work out?

Which theorems are you using?

𝑎° 𝑏°
98°
110°
75° 𝑐°
Work out the lettered angles in the diagrams.
Which other angles can you work out?
Which theorems are you using?
Opposite angles in cyclic quadrilaterals sum to 180
Angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference

𝑎° 𝑏°
98°
110°
75° 𝑐°

105 98 125
Compare the formulae for the volumes of
cones and cylinders.

If a cone and a cylinder have the same height


and radius, how many times can you empty
the full cone into the cylinder?

Investigate using sand.


Compare the formulae for the volumes of
cones and cylinders.

If a cone and a cylinder have the same height


and radius, how many times can you empty
the full cone into the cylinder? Three times

Investigate using sand.


Which cylinder has a volume of
cm3 ?

cm

cm
cm
cm

cm cm

Work out the volumes of all three cylinders in


terms of and put the cylinders in ascending
order of volume.
Which cylinder has a volume of
cm3 ?
Work out the volumes of all three cylinders in
terms of and put the cylinders in ascending
order of volume.

cm

cm

cm
cm

cm cm

112 cm3 112 cm3 196 cm3


Find the volume of the shapes, giving your
answers to 3 significant figures. Hint:
Use Pythagoras’
theorem to find the
m height of the cone.
m

cm
cm
Find the volume of the shapes, giving your
answers to 3 significant figures. Hint:
Use Pythagoras’
theorem to find the
m height of the cone.
m
62 848 m3

cm

Height
cm

42 116 cm3
A cone has diameter 12 cm and height 20 cm.

A smaller cone of height 10 cm is cut off the


top of the cone.

Work out the volume of the remaining shape.


A cone has diameter 12 cm and height 20 cm.

A smaller cone of height 10 cm is cut off the


top of the cone.

Work out the volume of the remaining shape.

Vlarge cone 62
20 cm
Vsmall cone 32

Vremaining
12 cm
Use the formula to find the
volume of,
a sphere of radius 6 cm.

a sphere of diameter 6 cm.

Give your answers in terms of .


Use the formula to find the
volume of,
a sphere of radius 6 cm.
63 cm3

a sphere of diameter 6 cm.

33 cm3

Give your answers in terms of .


The volume of a sphere is given by

The diagram shows a hemisphere of radius 10 cm.


Find its volume to 3 significant figures.
The volume of a sphere is given by

The diagram shows a hemisphere of radius 10 cm.


Find its volume to 3 significant figures.
103

cm3
The diagram shows a hemisphere that fits
exactly on top of a cylinder.

The height of the cylinder is 12 cm.


The height of the whole shape is 18 cm.

What is the radius of the sphere?

Work out the volume of the shape.


The diagram shows a hemisphere that fits
exactly on top of a cylinder.

The height of the cylinder is 12 cm.


The height of the whole shape is 18 cm.
18 cm
What is the radius of the sphere?
12 cm
6 cm
Work out the volume of the shape.
63 cm3

62 cm3
Total Vol cm3
A metal cuboid measures
20 cm by 10 cm by 5 cm.

The cuboid is melted and recast into


spheres of radius 3 cm.

How many spheres can be made?

Jack thinks that you can make exactly twice as


many spheres of radius 1.5 cm from
the same block.

Show working to show that Jack is wrong.


Vcuboid 1000 cm3

Vsphere 33 36 cm3

Max number of spheres 1000 36 8.84


8 spheres can be made

If sphere has , Vsphere 1.53 cm3

Then Max number of spheres 1000 70.7


70 spheres can be made
Jack is wrong
Use the formula to find the surface area of a
sphere if,
it has radius 10 cm.

it has diameter 10 cm.

Give your answers in terms of .


Use the formula to find the surface area of a
sphere if,
it has radius 10 cm.
A 102 400 cm2

it has diameter 10 cm.


A 52 100 cm2

Give your answers in terms of .


The radius of the small ball is 2 cm.
The radius of the large ball is 6 cm.

Alex thinks that the surface area of the large


ball will be three times that of the small ball.
Use calculations to show that Alex is wrong.
6 cm 2 cm

A 4 62 A 4 22
A 144 A 8

8 3 144
The cube has side length 10 cm.
The sphere has radius 8 cm.
The hemisphere has radius 12 cm.

Put the shapes in order of size given by,


their surface areas. their volumes.
All values rounded to 3 s.f.

By Surface Area

600 cm2 804 cm2 1360 cm2

By Volume

1000 cm3 2140 cm3 3620 cm3


The diagrams below show the formation of
the net of a cylinder.

Use the diagrams to help find the formula for


surface area of a cylinder.

C
The diagrams below show the formation of
the net of a cylinder.
e.g. 2 𝜋 𝑟 2 +2 𝜋 𝑟h
Use the diagrams to help find the formula for
surface area of a cylinder.
Circumference
or
𝜋 𝑟2
A
2𝜋𝑟
h h B h

C 2 𝜋 𝑟h
𝜋 𝑟2
Which cylinder has the greater surface area?
Use calculations to justify your answer.

Cylinder A
Height = 9 cm
Radius = 8 cm

Cylinder B
Height = 8 cm
Radius = 9 cm
Which cylinder has the greater surface area?
Use calculations to justify your answer.

A 82
Cylinder A
A 272 cm2
Height = 9 cm
Radius = 8 cm

A 92 8
Cylinder B
A 306 cm2
Height = 8 cm
Radius = 9 cm
The curved surface area of a cone is given by
the formula , where is the slant height of the
cone.

Work out and the total surface area of the


cone shown.
The curved surface area of a cone is given by
the formula , where is the slant height of the
cone.

Work out and the total surface area of the


cone shown.
cm

Total Surface Area


52 90
A sweet manufacturer is considering two types
of packaging for popping candy:

A cone radius of 2 cm and height 6 cm.


A cylinder radius of 2 cm and height 2 cm.

Show that both packages have the same volume


and compare their surface areas.
A sweet manufacturer is considering two types
of packaging for popping candy:

A cone radius of 2 cm and height 6 cm. 𝑙=2 √ 10


A cylinder radius of 2 cm and height 2 cm.

Show that both packages have the same volume


and compare their surface areas.

Cone: Cylinder:
22 cm3 22 2 cm3
SA 22 SA 2 22
52.3 cm2 (3 s.f.) 50.2 cm2 (3 s.f.)
Two cylinders are similar.
The larger cylinder is three times the height of
the smaller cylinder. 200 ml of paint are
needed to paint the small cylinder.

How much paint is needed to paint


the large cylinder?

How many times larger is the volume of the


large cylinder compared to the volume of the
small cylinder?
Two cylinders are similar.
The larger cylinder is three times the height of
the smaller cylinder. 200 ml of paint are
Length scale factor is 3
needed to paint the small cylinder. Area scale factor is 32
Volume scale factor is 33
How much paint is needed to paint
the large cylinder? 1800 ml

How many times larger is the volume of the


large cylinder compared to the volume of the
small cylinder? 27 times
The two cones are similar.
The smaller cone has radius 5 cm and the
larger cone has radius 20 cm.
Is the surface area of the larger cone four
times the surface area of the smaller cone?
Explain your answer.
The volume of the larger cone is 960 cm3
Find the volume of the smaller cone.
The two cones are similar.
The smaller cone has radius 5 cm and the
larger cone has radius 20 cm.
Is the surface area of the larger cone four
times the surface area of the smaller cone? No
The SA of the larger cone will be 16 times
Explain your answer. the SA of the smaller cone
The volume of the larger cone is 960 cm3
Find the volume of the smaller cone. 15 cm 3
Two similar cones have volumes
cm3 and cm3.

How many times larger is the surface area of the


larger cone, compared to the surface area of the
smaller cone?
Two similar cones have volumes
cm3 and cm3.

How many times larger is the surface area of the


larger cone, compared to the surface area of the
smaller cone? 9 times

Volume scale factor is 27 which is 33


So the area scale factor is 32 which is 9
Oil is stored in similar cylindrical drums.
The large drum has a base area of m2 and the
small drum has a base area of 2500 cm2.

What’s the relationship between the radii of


the two drums?

How many times more oil can the large drum


store than the small drum?
Oil is stored in similar cylindrical drums.
The large drum has a base area of m2 and the
small drum has a base area of 2500 cm2. m2

What’s the relationship between the radii of


the two drums?
The large drum radius is twice the small drum radius

How many times more oil can the large drum


store than the small drum? 8 times

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